Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
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Dyadic Connectedness across Interaction Contexts
No full textThe proposed analysis will compare connected talk during freeplay and a goal-directed drawing activity. We will analyse dyadic connectedness, a property of conversation defined by the frequency of topical links between conversation partners’ utterances, across freeplay and a goal-directed drawing activity. By comparing connectedness during freeplay and a goal-directed drawing activity, we aim to draw conclusions around how the contexts of social interactions might be related to connected communication with peers. The data for this research are secondary, based on the observation of dyads during a study of children's play and friendship during the first three years of school in the UK. This research will draw on observations from the third timepoint of the study, when children were observed playing in dyads and completing the goal-directed drawing activity together
Pattern Extraction or Explicit Instruction: Promoting Relational Reasoning for Equations (replication)
No full textIn this learning intervention study, we asked whether explicit and implicit opportunities for pattern learning promote learning and transfer of mathematical relationships. We also took a non-mathematical measure of relational reasoning and assessed student attitudes and beliefs about mathematics. This study was conducted as a replication of our previous work which followed the same procedure
visualisations during interrogations - follow up
No full textResearch has shown that people are more readily convinced of a suspect's guilt when incriminating evidence is visual rather than textual, even though it contains the same information (i.e. CEP19-0903/446). In our previous study, we demonstrated that even suspects themselves find this evidence more compelling and that video evidence compared to textual descriptions thereof makes guilty (mock) suspects more likely to confess and innocent (mock) suspects more likely to remain silent (CEP18-0913/340). In the current study, we wish to
verify that the video evidence we collected during the previous experiment indeed does not
guilt/innocence of the suspect, as was intended. Therefore, we present naive participants the
collected in the previous experiment and have them choose whether the suspect was guilty or
confident they are. We compare theses assessments with matched textual descriptions of
all the videos displayed the same events of participants taking a wallet from a letter tray in one
rooms and then leaving the room. Only afterwards they either took the money from the wallet
wallet away (guilty), or took the wallet with the money inside to the fsw receptionist (innocent).
themselves should not contain actual incriminating evidence (chances are fifty/fifty that they were instructed to steal or return the money
Dietary Guidelines for Changing Body Composition in Athletic Populations: A Scoping Review
No full textThis scoping review will identify, describe and summarise current diet and nutrition guidelines to change body composition (FM and FFM) in athletic populations
The Role of Social and Neural Connectedness in Predicting Neurodevelopmental Functioning in Adolescence
No full textNeurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and intellectual disability are associated with significant impairment, high rates of disability, and substantial public health costs. The prevalence of NDDs has increased considerably over the past two decades, and children with NDDs make up the largest proportion of youth that seek mental health treatment. Thus, novel approaches for understanding NDDs and identifying potential treatment targets for these disorders are needed. NDDs often have comorbid presentations and shared symptomatology (e.g., impaired social and executive functioning), which suggests that using a transdiagnostic approach to study NDDs may be informative. Social connectedness (i.e., qualities of relationships with parents and peers, family environment, parent and peer practices, and extracurricular involvement) may be a salient protective factor for youth with neurodevelopmental symptomatology. The brain’s salience network (SN), which is involved in the detection of relevant stimuli (e.g., changes in other's emotional expressions), is thought to be a potentially important neural correlate of social processing and function. Thus, social connectedness and related functional connectivity within the SN may be important for understanding or predicting outcomes for individuals with neurodevelopmental symptoms. The proposed project will assess these relationships in the full baseline sample (n = 11,878) and a reduced sample of youth with quality rs-fMRI data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. The aims of the project are threefold: to determine whether 1) social connectedness is associated with neurodevelopmental functioning (i.e., NDD symptomatology and executive function) cross-sectionally and longitudinally; 2) social connectedness is associated with SN functional connectivity cross-sectionally; and 3) SN functional connectivity predicts future neurodevelopmental functioning and has an indirect effect on the relationship between social connectedness and neurodevelopmental functioning
Impression of a Computer Science Company and Employees- Study 1
No full textThe primary goal of this experiment is to examine the cues that impact Black women’s solidarity and identity safety perception. All participants viewed the webpage of a CompTech, a computer science company and all participants viewed a profile of a fictitious computer scientist. However, some participants read a profile of either a White female computer scientist, a Black female computer scientist or a Black-White Biracial female computer scientist. We were interested in whether the level of prototypicality of Black/Biracial women scientists’ hairstyles impact perceptions that the scientist shows solidarity with Black women. We were also interested in investigating whether prototypicality of hairstyles (i.e., braids, straight hair, curly hair) affect Black women’s identity safety perceptions
Effects of music composed for sleep on sleep quality: A home study
No full textThis research project examines the effect of music that specifically composed for sleep aid on sleep quality. Project will focus on two types of music: AI generated data driven sleep music and sleep music that is highly rated by the listeners. Participants will be examined while sleeping in their home environment as a part of home study. A mobile electroencephalogram (EEG) device will be used to assess the sleep quality of the participants. Music analysis will be made in respect to changes in melodic and rhythmic structures along with music information retrieval (MIR) features and their correlation with sleep quality measurements
Das Körperschema-Projekt (DaKS) - The body image project
No full textThe present project extends an earlier work on the topic of "Body dissatisfaction and body-related information processing in children" (Bender, 2011). The previously unpublished data of this dissertation serve as a basis to once again psychometrically test the questionnaires tested there (= stability of goodness) as well as to test new, potentially relevant factors such as social media consumption, which might have led to an increase in body dissatisfaction in the last 10 years (= influence of social factors)
Ingroup Bias in Social Information Search and Use (Studies 1-3 pre-reg)
No full textSocial information use is ubiquitous in human and non-human animals across a wide range of contexts. In humans, social information is thought to be a powerhouse of cultural evolution. As a result, a broad empirical and theoretical literature has emerged studying the process of social information use. The vast majority of studies, however, investigate how individuals incorporate social information, neglecting the process of how individuals actually acquire and search for social information. The process of social information search has received hardly any attention, though it is likely to play a pivotal role in how social information is used, and how it transfers through populations. Here we focus on the process of social information search. In the Gambling Study (Study 1), we assess social information search in light of different types of uncertainty and interaction partners using an abstract value-based domain. Next, with the Election Studies (Study 2 and Study 3), we turn our attention to the real world and study social information search in the political domain
Strategies for preoperative weight loss in the Superobese: Scope Review Protocol
No full textIntroduction: Preoperative weight loss in OR and SSO is essential to reduce preoperative and postoperative risks. However, clarity is needed regarding the most used therapies.
Objective: To understand the evidence of weight loss strategies in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery in super obese (SO) and super super obese (SSO).
Inclusion criteria: OS patients with (BMI 50 to 59.9 Kg/m2) and SSO (BMI equal to or greater than 60 km/m2), with or without comorbidities, over 18 years of age of both sexes in the preoperative period for bariatric surgery.
Methods: This review followed the JBI methodology for scope analysis. The databases selected for this review will be Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, CINAHL and Web of science. The search strategy constructed considered the elements of the PCC acronym (see table 01) recognized by the Health Science Descriptors (DECs) and the Medical Subject Headings Terms (MeSH), Boolean operators were used as an interconnection between the descriptors and keywords identified. The descriptors/keywords selected for this research were: (“obesity morbid”) AND (“weight Loss”) AND (“Preoperative care” AND “Bariatric Surgery”)