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An Investigation of the Effect of Cryo-Cooling on Natural Frequency and Wear Properties of Ageable Al Alloys
No full textIn this study, the influence of the cryogenic cooling on the natural frequency and wear behaviors of the three different aluminum alloys of AA2024, AA6061 and AA7075 were examined. In addition, hardness and microstructural observations were also performed to reveal the effect of cryogenic cooling on the wear performance of the Al alloys. Pin on disc test equipment was utilized to observe the wear performance of the Al alloys and field emission scanning electron microscope was used to go in depth about microstructural evaluations. For the determination of the natural frequency of the Al alloys designed with different tapered angles from 0 degrees to 1 degrees, vibration test equipment was used. As a result of this work, it has been observed in experimental and analytical analysis that the natural frequency values decrease with the increase of the tapered angle of the fixed beam attached from the short (b) side. The highest frequency values were obtained when the tapered angle was 0 degrees in the experimental and analytical analysis of the fixed beam attached from the short (b) side. Again, the highest frequency values were obtained when the tapered angle of the fixed beam, which was attached from the short (b) side, was 1 degrees in the experimental and analytical analysis. In addition, when the worn surfaces and wear data are examined in general, it is seen that the amount of oxide on the surface increases as a result of the applied cryo-cooling, and because of the increased oxide layer, metal-to-metal contact occurs during wear, and it acts as a solid lubricant by protecting the surface under the metal. In this way, it has been observed that the wear loss is reduced and the worn surface images are directly affected. The results of the analytical and experimental analyses of fixed-support beams indicate that the natural frequency values of the beam can be altered by modifying the tapered angle of the beam and the location of the support. Lastly, no significant change was observed in natural frequency values with cryogenic effect.The authors would like to thank Pamukkale University Scientific Research Council for supporting this study under Project Contract No. 2021FEBE057.Pamukkale University Scientific Research Council [2021FEBE057
Lateral epikondilit tedavisinde farklı şiddette yapılan perküsyon uygulamalarının etkinliğinin incelenmesi: Randomize karşılaştırmalı çalışma
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı, lateral epikondilitli olgularda farklı frekanslarda yapılan perküsyon uygulamasının ağrı, eklem hareket açıklığı, kas kuvveti, çeviklik ve fonksiyonellik üzerine etkinliğinin araştırılmasıdır.
Çalışmaya ilk kez unilateral lateral epikondilit tanısı almış, 18-65 yaş arası, profesyonel sporcu olmayan, ortopedik, nörolojik ve metabolik rahatsızlığı olmayan 50 olgu katılmıştır. Bu olguların 44’ü tedavi ve değerlendirme sürecini tamamlamıştır. Olgular tabakalı randomizasyon yöntemi ile dört gruba rastgele ayrılmıştır. Tedaviye dahil edilen tüm gruplardaki olgulara TENS, ultrason ve egzersiz programı uygulanmıştır. Grup 1 hariç tutularak diğer üç grupta yer alan olgulara Hypervolt® el tipi perküsyon cihazı ile 30 Hz/ 40 Hz/ 53 Hz. frekanslarında her seans 5 dakika perküsyon uygulaması yapılmıştır. Tüm olgular 15 seans tedaviye alınmış, tedavi öncesi, tedavi sonrası, tedavi bitiminden 3 hafta ve 9 hafta sonra değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirmede demografik bilgiler, 1-maksimum tekrar kuvveti, kavrama kuvveti, eklem hareket açıklığının gonyometrik ölçümü, vizüel analog skala, Nelson el reaksiyon testi, hasta bazlı tenisçi dirseği değerlendirmesi, kol, omuz ve el yeti yitimi hızlı anketi kullanılmıştır.
Olguların gruplar arası istatistiksel analizlerinde vizüel analog skala, 1-maksimum tekrar, hasta bazlı tenisçi dirseği değerlendirmelerinde perküsyon uygulanan gruplarda anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p0,05).
Perküsyon uygulanan gruplarda grup içi değerlendirmelerde de tedavi öncesi skorlar ile kıyaslandığında anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur (p0,05).
Sonuç olarak perküsyon uygulamaları, perküsyon uygulanmayan gruba oranla olguların ağrı, kuvvet ve fonksiyonellik skorlarında anlamlı değişimler sağlamıştır. Farklı frekansların uygulandığı gruplar arasında da 53 Hz. uygulanan grup lehine anlamlı sonuçlar bulunmuştur (p0,05).
Lateral epikondilit olgularında perküsyon uygulamasının farklı frekans tiplerinde ağrıyı azalttığı, 1-RM kuvveti artırdığı ve fonksiyonel durumu geliştirdiği saptanmıştır. Ancak, uygulamanın farklı frekans tiplerindeki etkileri, aplikatörler, uygulama süresi, basınç düzeyi ve uygun seans sayısının belirlenmesinde deneysel ve klinik çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu kanısındayız.The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of percussion application at different frequencies on pain, range of motion, muscle strength, agility and functionality in patients with lateral epicondylitis.
Fifty patients who were diagnosed with unilateral lateral epicondylitis for the first time, aged between 18-65, were not professional athletes and had no orthopedic, neurological or metabolic disorders. Forty-four of these patients completed the treatment and evaluation process. The patients were randomly divided into four groups with the stratified randomization method. TENS, ultrasound and an exercise program were applied to all patients in the groups included in the treatment. Excluding Group 1, patients in the other three groups were applied percussion with a Hypervolt® hand-held percussion device at 30 Hz/ 40 Hz/ 53 Hz frequencies for 5 minutes each session. All patients received 15 sessions of treatment and were evaluated before, after, 3 weeks and 9 weeks after the end of treatment. Demographic information, 1-maximum repetition strength, grip strength, goniometric measurement of range of motion, visual analog scale, Nelson hand reaction test, patient-based tennis elbow assessment, arm, shoulder and hand disability quick questionnaire were used in the evaluation.
In the statistical analysis of the cases between the groups, a significant difference was found in the percussion applied groups in terms of visual analog scale, 1-maximum repetition, and patient-based tennis elbow assessments (p0.05).
Significant differences were found in the within-group assessments in the percussion applied groups when compared to the pre-treatment scores (p0.05).
As a result, percussion applications provided significant changes in the pain, strength and functionality scores of the cases compared to the group not applied percussion. Among the groups to which different frequencies were applied, significant results were found in favor of the group to which 53 Hz was applied (p0.05).
It has been determined that percussion application in lateral epicondylitis cases reduces pain, increases 1-RM strentgh and improves functional status at different frequency types.
However, we believe that experimental and clinical studies are needed to determine the effects of the application at different frequency types, applicators, application duration, pressure level and appropriate number of sessions
Protection of Cultural Heritage: the Case of Stratonikeia North City Gate and Fountain Monument
No full textStratonikeia, located in Eskihisar neighborhood of Yatağan District, Muğla Province, was a significant settlement in interior Caria during antiquity. Archaeological investigations have revealed evidence of ancient life and natural disasters, with seismic activity as crucial factor. The 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake has heightened awareness of seismic threats to ancient ruins. The North City Gate complex exemplifies patterns of destruction and renewal, as seen after the 139 AD earthquake when Emperor Antoninus Pius provided 25,000 denarii for reconstruction. Construction expanded to include the Fountain Monument, North City Gate, North Colonnaded Street, and other Roman Imperial Period edifices. Following the 365 AD earthquake, repairs were overseen by Maximus of Stratonikeia, with the most recent significant seismic event in 1957. Current excavations continue to reveal evidence of historical seismic events, providing data for heritage preservation. The site's architectural features have been restored using anastylosis methodology to preserve cultural heritage for future generations. © 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved
Prognostic Factors in High Grade Osteosarcoma Patients Who Received Neoadjuvant Therapy and Subsequently Underwent Surgery: Data From the Turkish Oncology Group
No full textAkbas, Sinem/0000-0002-7197-211XBackground: Osteosarcoma is a rare but aggressive bone malignancy. Despite advances in multimodal therapy, survival remains suboptimal, highlighting the need for prognostic markers to guide treatment. Methods: This study included 162 osteosarcoma patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery between January 2009 and March 2024. Patients received either double (cisplatin + doxorubicin) or triple (MAP or PEI) chemotherapy. Survival analyses were conducted using Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: The median age was 20 years (IQR: 18-29), and 53.1% were male. Patients who received triple chemotherapy regimens demonstrated significantly longer overall survival (OS) compared to those on doublet regimens. High tumor necrosis rates (>90%) and negative surgical margins were strongly associated with improved OS, while metastatic disease at diagnosis, elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and male gender were linked to poorer survival. Multivariate analysis identified adjuvant therapy, age under 18, high necrosis rate, negative margins, and normal ALP as significant OS predictors. Conclusions: Triple-agent chemotherapy, necrosis rate >= 90 and negative surgical margins are strongly associated with prolonged survival in osteosarcoma. The key prognostic indicators such as ALP levels, surgical margins and age at diagnosis should guide personalized treatment strategies to improve outcomes in curable patients
Alt ekstremite kırığı bulunan hastaların pre-operatif dönemde ağrılarının tedavisinde parasetamol etkinliğinin CYP2E1 gen polimorfizmi ile ilişkisi
No full textParesetamolün NAPQI'ye metabolik dönüşümünden sorumlu birincil enzim sitokrom P450 CYP2E1'dir. Buna rağmen parasetamol etkinliğinin farklı genlerin polimorfizmi ile ilişkisi araştırılmış olsa bu gen ile ilişki araştırılmamıştır. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada alt ekstremitede travma nedeniyle hastaneye başvurmuş ve cerrahi planlanmış hastalarda pre-operatif dönemde; bireysel ilaç tedavisi oluşturabilmek için parasetamol etkinliğini ve sitokrom P450 CYP2E1 gen polimorfizmi ile ilişkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır.
Bu çalışma Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Ortopedi Anabilim Dalı’nda alt ektremite kemik kırığı nedenli tedavi edilen 127 hasta ve kontrol grubu olarak ağrı şikâyeti olmayan sağlıklı 100 kişi ile yapıldı. Her hastaya intravenöz yoldan 1000 mg parasetamol (Parol) uygulandı. Hastaların Parol öncesi ve sonrası 30. dakika Vizüel Analog Skala (VAS) ağrı skorları kaydedildi. 5 ml antikogülanlı vakumlu tüplere kan alınarak, standart fenol-kloroform yöntemine göre genomik DNA izolasyonu yapıldı.Hastaların %62,2’sinin izole (n=79) tibia, %22,8’inin izole (n=29) femur, %15’inin ise diğer bölgelerinde (asetabulum, fibula, patella, kalkenus) kırığı vardı. Parasetamol, tüm hastalarda ağrı kesici olarak etkiliydi. CYP2E1*1A heterozigot hastalar kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı şekilde fazlaydı (p=0,041). CYP2E1*7B heterozigotlar hasta grubunda kontrol grubuna göre azdı (p0,001). CYP2-E1*5B ve CYP2-E1*6 alellerinde kontrol ve hasta grubu arasında anlamlı fark yoktu (p>0,05). CYP2E1*1A ve CYP2E1*5B heterozigot alellerde, Parol öncesi ve sonrası VAS skorları anlamlı şekilde daha yüksekti (p0,05). CYP2E1*6 ve CYP2E1*7B genotipinde Parol öncesi ve sonrası VAS skorlarında normal ve heterozigot aleller arasında anlamlı fark yoktu (p>0,05). Tüm gen polimorfizmlerinde Parol öncesi skorlara göre Parol sonrası skorlar anlamlı şekilde azaldı (p0,001).Sonuç olarak tüm gen polimorfizmleri arasında parasetamol etkinliği farkı olmaması ağrı yönetiminde benzer etkinliğe sahip olabileceğini göstermektedir. CYP2-E1*1A ve CYP2-E1*5B polimorfizmleri, Parol kullanımının terapötik etkinliğinde daha belirgin bir role sahip olabilir. Bu çalışma, Parol kullanımının genetik farklılıklar nedeniyle bireyler arasında farklı terapötik etkilere yol açabileceğini göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar, ağrı tedavisinde bireyselleştirilmiş yaklaşımların önemini ve genetik faktörlerin farmakoterapiye olan etkisini vurgulamaktadır.The primary enzyme responsible for the metabolic conversion of paracetamol into N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) is cytochrome P450 CYP2E1. Although the relationship between paracetamol efficacy and the polymorphisms of various genes has been investigated, no study has specifically examined its association with this gene. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of paracetamol and its relationship with cytochrome P450 CYP2E1 gene polymorphism in the preoperative period in patients presenting with lower extremity trauma and scheduled for surgery, with the objective of developing personalized pharmacotherapy strategies.
This study was conducted at Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, and included 127 patients treated for lower extremity fractures and a control group of 100 healthy individuals without pain complaints. Each patient received an intravenous dose of 1000 mg of paracetamol (Parol). Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores were recorded before and at 30 minutes after paracetamol administration. Blood samples were collected in 5 ml anticoagulant vacuum tubes, and genomic DNA isolation was performed using the standard phenol-chloroform method.
Among the patients, 62.2% (n=79) had isolated tibial fractures, 22.8% (n=29) had isolated femoral fractures, and 15% had fractures in other regions (acetabulum, fibula, patella, calcaneus). Paracetamol was found to be effective as an analgesic in all patients. The frequency of the CYP2E11A heterozygous genotype was significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group (p=0.041). The frequency of CYP2E17B heterozygous alleles was significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group (p0.001). No significant difference was observed between the patient and control groups regarding the CYP2E15B and CYP2E16 alleles (p>0.05). In the CYP2E11A and CYP2E15B heterozygous genotypes, VAS scores before and after Parol administration were significantly higher (p0.05). However, in the CYP2E16 and CYP2E17B genotypes, no significant difference was found in VAS scores between normal and heterozygous alleles before and after Parol administration (p>0.05). Across all gene polymorphisms, VAS scores significantly decreased after Parol administration compared to pre-treatment scores (p0.001).In conclusion, the absence of a significant difference in paracetamol efficacy across all gene polymorphisms suggests that pain management may be similarly effective regardless of genetic variations. However, CYP2E11A and CYP2E15B polymorphisms may play a more prominent role in the therapeutic efficacy of Parol. This study demonstrates that genetic variations can lead to interindividual differences in the therapeutic effects of Parol. These findings emphasize the importance of personalized approaches in pain management and highlight the impact of genetic factors on pharmacotherapy
Doksorubisin kardiyotoksisitesinde all-trans retinoik asit ve dekspantenolün kardiyoprotektif etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi
No full textBu çalışma Pamukkale Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi’nin 02.05.2024 tarih ve 2024TIPF007 nolu kararı ile desteklenmiştir.Hematolojik maligniteler ve solid neoplazilerin tedavisinde kullanılmakta olan doksorubisin (DOX), antrasiklin türevi bir ilaçtır ve uzun yıllardır kullanılması sebebiyle iyi tanımlanmış, kullanımını kısıtlayan yan etkilere sahiptir. Bunlardan birisi olan toksik miyokardit; oksidatif stres, mitokondri fonksiyonlarında bozulma, apoptoz, piroptoz, nekroptoz, ferroptoz ve otofaji yolaklarının uyarımı yoluyla oluşmaktadır. All-trans retinoik asit (ATRA) antioksidan stres yanıtını düzenlediği, mitokondriyal fonksiyonları iyileştirdiği, kardiyomiyosit apoptozunu önlediği bilinen bir maddedir. Dekspantenolün (DEX) ise oksidatif stres, endoplazmik retikulum stresi ve inflamasyon üzerine düzenleyici etkileri vardır.
ATRA ile DEX’in fizyolojik mekanizmaları ve DOX’un kardiyotoksik mekanizmalarının birçok ortak yolaktan geçmesi dikkat çekicidir. Biz de H9c2(2-1) hücrelerinde DOX ile oluşturulmuş toksik miyokardit modelinde ATRA ve DEX’in tekli ve birlikte kullanımlarının etkilerini göstermeyi amaçladık.
Bu amaçla H9c2(2-1) hücreleri ile 7 farklı grup tasarlandı. Bunlar; kontrol, DOX, DEX, ATRA, DOX+DEX, DOX+ATRA, DOX+DEX+ATRA şeklindeydi. Tasarlanan gruplarda en uygun ilaç dozlarını saptamak için XTT hücre canlılığı testi kullanıldı. DOX için 24, 48, 72. saat IC50 (Yarı Maksimum İnhibisyon Konsantrasyonu) değerleri ayrı ayrı hesaplandı. DEX ve ATRA için ise hücre canlılığını en çok arttıran dozlar seçildi. Ardından hücre-hücre etkileşimi ve hücre migrasyonunu değerlendirmek için Wound Healing (Yara İyileşme, Scratch Assay) deneyi belirlenen dozlarda tüm gruplara uygulandı. Apoptoz yolaklarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla Kaspas-3, Bax, Bcl-2, TGF-β, TIMP-1,TIMP-2 primer antikorları uygulanıp immunsitokimya değerlendirmesi yapıldı. Hücre hattına Gerçek
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Zamanlı Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (Real Time-PCR, RT-PCR) ve TUNEL testi yapılarak sonuçlar desteklendi.
Deney sonuçlarına göre DOX IC50 dozu 24. saat için 14,71 μM, 48. saat için 1,18 μM, 72 saat için ise 0,27 μM olarak belirlendi. XTT sonrasındaki deneyler 24. saat için yapılmış olup; diğer dozlar DEX için 31,25 μM, ATRA için 125 nM olarak seçildi.
Hücre canlılığı deneylerinde DEX verilen grubun 7,8 μM ile 250 μM doz aralığında hücre canlılığını %167’ye, ATRA verilen grubun ise 3,9 nM ile 1 μM doz aralığında %170’e kadar çıkardığı saptandı. Ancak 2 μM ve üzerinde ATRA’nın toksik etki gösterdiği görüldü. DOX IC50 ve artan dozlarda DEX uygulanmasında 15,6 μM, 31,25 μM ve 125 μM DEX dozlarında, sadece DOX IC50 grubuna göre hücre canlılığında anlamlı artış izlendi. DOX IC50, artan dozlarda ATRA ile birlikte uygulandığında, ATRA 3,9 nM ile 125 nM arası dozlardayken, DOX IC50 grubuna göre hücre canlılığı anlamlı şekilde daha yüksek seyretti. DOX IC50+DEX ile DOX IC50+ATRA grupları arasında anlamlı fark izlenmedi. IC50 dozunda DOX ile değişen dozlarda ATRA ve DEX birlikte uygulandığı zaman, düşük ve orta doz DEX içeren birleşimlerin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede hücre canlılığını arttırdığı görüldü. Ancak aynı gruplar, DOX+ATRA gruplarına göre yüksek canlılık gösterse de DOX+DEX gruplarına benzer sonuçlar verdi ve sinerjistik etkiye dair kanıt bulunamadı. Yara iyileşmesi ve migrasyon deneylerinde ise DOX IC50 uygulanan grupların hiç birisi kontrol grubunu yakalayamadığı gibi DEX ve ATRA grupları da kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı sonuç vermedi.
İmmunsitokimya sonuçlarımızda DOX uygulanan gruplarda artan TGF-β ekspresyonunun arttığı ve DEX ve ya ATRA ile bu etkinin geri çevrilemediği saptanırken, izole DEX uygulanmasının kontrole göre TGF-β ekspresyonunu anlamlı şekilde düşürdüğü izlendi. Kaspaz-3 seviyelerinde ise izole DOX uygulamasına göre hem DEX hem de ATRA uygulanan gruplarda anlamlı düşüşler izlenirken üçlü uygulamanın, ikili uygulamalara bir üstünlüğü saptanmadı. Aynı şekilde DOX uygulanmış gruplarda Bax ekspresyonu hem DEX hem de ATRA tarafından anlamlı şekilde baskılandı. DOX+DEX uygulanan grupta ekspresyon kontrol grubuna yakın seviyelere kadar düştü. Ancak bu etkisi üçlü uygulamadan daha iyiydi ve sinerjistik etki yakalanamadı. DOX+DEX uygulanan gruplarda Bcl-2 ve TIMP1 ekspresyonları
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DOX uygulanmış tüm gruplardan anlamlı şekilde daha düşük saptanırken, DOX+ATRA uygulanan grup TIMP2 ekspresyonunu üçlü uygulama dahil tüm gruplardan daha fazla arttırdı. RT-PCR sonuçlarında ise grupların birbirlerine anlamlı farklılıkları izlenmezken DOX+DEX+ATRA uygulanan grubun özellikle BCl-2, TIMP1 ve TIMP2 ifadelerinde anlamlı düşüşler göstermesi dikkat çekiciydi. TUNEL testi sonuçları ise genel olarak önceki sonuçları desteklese de üçlü birleşim grubunda, DOX+DEX ve DOX+ATRA gruplarına göre anlamlı düzeyde apoptotik indeks düşüşü göstermiştir.
Sonuçlarımız; dekspantenol ve all-trans retinoik asitin, doksorubisin kardiyotoksisitesi üzerinde önleyici etkisini göstermekle beraber sinerjistik etkiyi göstermek için yeterli veriyi sağlayamamıştır. Deneyler sırasında bazı dozlarda birbirlerinin etkisini arttırırken bazı dozlarda ise toksik etki oluşturdukları gözlenmiştir. Dolayısı ile DEX ve ATRA’nın farklı dozlarda kombinasyonları ile daha fazla sayıda çalışma yapılarak kardiyak koruyucu ve toksisite oluşturucu dozlarının aydınlatılmasına ihtiyaç vardır.Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline derivative, is a drug used in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid neoplasms. Due to its long-term use, its well-defined side effects limit its application. One of these side effects is toxic myocarditis, which occurs through oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy pathways. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is known to regulate the antioxidant stress response, improve mitochondrial functions, and prevent cardiomyocyte apoptosis. On the other hand, dexpanthenol (DEX) is known for its regulatory effects on oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammation.
The fact that ATRA and DEX share multiple common pathways with DOX's cardiotoxic mechanisms is noteworthy. Therefore, we aimed to demonstrate the effects of ATRA and DEX individually and in combination in a DOX-induced toxic myocarditis model in H9c2(2-1) cells.
For this purpose, seven different groups were designed using H9c2(2-1) cells: control, DOX, DEX, ATRA, DOX+DEX, DOX+ATRA, and DOX+DEX+ATRA. To determine the optimal drug doses in these groups, an XTT cell viability assay was employed. The IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) values for DOX at 24, 48, and 72 hours were calculated separately. For DEX and ATRA, the doses that most effectively increased cell viability were selected. Subsequently, the wound healing (Scratch Assay) experiment was applied to all groups at the determined doses to evaluate cell-cell interactions and cell migration. Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, TGF-β, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 primary antibodies were used for immunohistochemical evaluation to assess apoptosis pathways. Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and TUNEL test was conducted to support the results.
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According to the experimental results, the DOX IC50 dose was determined to be 14.71 μM at 24 hours, 1.18 μM at 48 hours, and 0.27 μM at 72 hours. Experiments following the XTT assay were conducted using the 24-hour IC50 dose, while the selected doses for DEX and ATRA were 31.25 μM and 125 nM, respectively.
In the cell viability experiments, the DEX group increased cell viability up to 167% within the 7.8 μM to 250 μM dose range, while the ATRA group increased cell viability up to 170% within the 3.9 nM to 1 μM dose range. However, ATRA exhibited toxic effects at concentrations above 2 μM. Upon combining DOX IC50 with increasing DEX doses, cell viability significantly increased at 15.6 μM, 31.25 μM, and 125 μM DEX doses compared to the DOX IC50 group alone. When DOX IC50 was combined with increasing doses of ATRA, cell viability remained significantly higher than the DOX IC50 group at ATRA doses ranging from 3.9 nM to 125 nM. No significant difference was observed between the DOX IC50+DEX and DOX IC50+ATRA groups. When DOX IC50 was combined with increasing doses of both ATRA and DEX, combinations containing low and moderate doses of DEX significantly increased cell viability. However, while these groups demonstrated higher cell viability than DOX+ATRA groups, they showed similar results to DOX+DEX groups, and no synergistic effect was observed.
In the wound healing and migration experiments, none of the DOX IC50-treated groups reached the level of the control group, nor did the DEX and ATRA groups show significant results compared to the control group.
Our immunohistochemistry results showed that increased TGF-β expression in DOX-treated groups was not reversed by DEX or ATRA, while isolated DEX application significantly reduced TGF-β expression compared to the control. Regarding Caspase-3 levels, both DEX and ATRA-treated groups showed significant reductions compared to the isolated DOX group; however, triple combination therapy showed no superiority over dual applications. Similarly, Bax expression was significantly suppressed by both DEX and ATRA in DOX-treated groups. DOX+DEX treatment resulted in Bax expression levels close to the control group, which was superior to the triple combination, with no evidence of a synergistic effect. Bcl-2 and TIMP-1 expression levels in DOX+DEX-treated groups were significantly lower than in all DOX-treated
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groups, while the DOX+ATRA group exhibited the highest TIMP-2 expression, even exceeding the triple combination group. In RT-PCR results, no significant differences were observed between groups, although the DOX+DEX+ATRA group notably showed significant reductions in Bcl-2, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 expression levels. Although the TUNEL assay results generally supported the previous findings, a significant decrease in the apoptotic index was observed in the triple combination group compared to the DOX+DEX and DOX+ATRA groups.
Our results demonstrate that dexpanthenol and all-trans retinoic acid exhibit protective effects against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity; however, sufficient evidence for synergistic effects was not obtained. During the experiments, some doses enhanced each other's effects, while others showed toxic effects. Therefore, additional studies are required to explore the cardioprotective and toxic doses of DEX and ATRA in various combinations
The Role of Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Characteristics in Entrepreneurial Inclination
No full textThis study explores the impact of emotional intelligence and psychological traits on entrepreneurial inclination, aiming to increase entrepreneurial activities and encourage individuals inclined towards entrepreneurship. Data were collected from 327 participants who expressed involvement in entrepreneurial activities or a tendency towards entrepreneurship in the Atakum district of Samsun/Turkey and among students at the 19th of May University's Kurupelit Campus, including those who voluntarily participated in the survey. The structural equation modeling to test the research model. The results indicate that psychological traits and emotional intelligence significantly influence entrepreneurial inclination. In this regard, it is possible to assert that individuals with high emotional intelligence are more likely to become entrepreneurs, and an individual's psychological makeup affects their entrepreneurial inclinations. It can be stated that emotional intelligence has a significant impact on psychological traits, facilitating an individual's propensity towards entrepreneurship. © 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved
A Cross-Sectional Study on the Assessment of Coll11a1, Vegf, and Gdf5 Gene Polymorphisms in Turkish Patients With Primary Knee Osteoarthritis
No full textBackgroundThis study aimed to assess the relationships between knee OA (KOA) and the genes encoding collagen type XI-alpha1 (COL11A1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and growth differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5), which have recently been investigated for their role in the pathophysiology of KOA in a Turkish Population.MethodsThis study included 100 patients who underwent surgery for KOA at Pamukkale University Medical Faculty's Orthopedics and Traumatology clinics and 100 volunteers with knee pain but without radiological evidence of KOA as a control group. Knee radiographs were assessed, and blood samples were collected from both groups for gene polymorphism analysis, with a focus on COL11A1 rs4907986, COL11A1 rs1241164, VEGF rs833058, and GDF5 rs143383.ResultsOur findings revealed no statistically significant difference between the KOA and control groups for COL11A1 rs4907986 and rs1241164. However, COL11A1 rs4907986 was found to be more common in women. The VEGF rs833058 polymorphism did not significantly differ between the KOA and control groups, although the equal distribution of homozygous polymorphisms in both groups suggests its potential utility in diagnostic considerations. Similarly, no significant difference was observed for the GDF-5 rs143383 polymorphism. However, this polymorphism was more frequent than the wild type in both groups, suggesting its potential association with KOA and its possible utility as an early diagnostic marker.ConclusionWhile no significant associations were found between COLL11A1, VEGF, or GDF-5 polymorphisms and KOA, the findings highlight the prevalence of GDF5 rs143383 in both groups, suggesting its potential role in the pathogenesis of KOA and its utility as a diagnostic marker. Further research is needed to better understand the genetic factors involved in KOA.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.Pamukkale University Scientific Research Projects UnitWe thank all the study participants who made this study possible, and all the staff who helped us in the collection of samples
The Pursuit of Social Justice in Art Education: Sharing Life
No full textThe present study aimed to investigate the learning experiences of primary school students during an activity series called "Sharing Life," based on social justice-oriented art education. The study involved 20 students age 10 and 11. In the study, an arts-based research approach and phenomenology were employed to analyze the development of participant behavior associated with social injustice problems. The study data were collected with semi-structured interviews, reflective journals, worksheets, students' artistic work, and focus group interviews during a 6-week instructional period and the analyses were conducted with a descriptive and inductive approach. Findings suggested that the applications raised the awareness of children about social responsibility, encouraged them to approach different individuals with tolerance, and contributed to the acquisition of the skills associated with social transformation efforts