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A new method that facilitates the diagnosis of endometrial cancer: the ratio of endometrial thickness to the full thickness of the uterine wall and subcutaneous adipose tissue measurements
No full textIntroduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between some risk factors and endometrial pathologies determined by transvaginal sonography (TVS), as well as the diagnostic predictive values of serum oestradiol (E2) levels, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, endometrium thickness (ET), and the ratio of ET to uterine wall full thickness (UWT) in differential diagnosis of malignant, precancerous, and benign pathologies of endometrium in patients with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) or with asymptomatic increased endometrial thickness. Material and methods: The study was conducted with 211 women who applied to the hospital with complaints of PMB or ET of 5 mm or more in their routine controls. Venous blood samples were taken for complete blood count and the measurement of E2 levels. Patients also underwent TVS; ET, UWT, and the ratio of ET to UWT were measured. Results: Menopausal age and body mass index averages were significantly higher in atypical hyperplasia and endometrial cancer (EC) groups. Endometrial thickness and endometrial thickness/uterine wall full thickness ratio measured by TVS were significantly higher in all precancerous pathologies and EC. Subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness was significantly higher in all precancerous pathologies and EC. Oestradiol levels were higher in the atypical hyperplasia and EC groups. Conclusions: Postmenopausal bleeding is a common symptom of EC, but in some cases this disease may occur asymptomatically. Measurement of the endometrium thickness, and the ratio of endometrium thickness/ uterine wall full thickness and SAT thickness by sonography has a high predictive value for this disease
Investigation of Four Nickel Titanium Endodontic Instruments, With Cyclic Fatigue Resistance, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy
No full textErtugrul, Ihsan Furkan/0000-0001-7583-6679; Arslan, Havva Kubra/0000-0003-4839-606XThe aim of this study was to compare of four different nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) endodontic files and evaluate in terms of cyclic fatigue resistance and metallurgical properties. Four different type Ni-Ti root canal files Protaper Next X2 (PTN) (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), One Curve (OC) #25.06 (Micro Mega, Besancon, France), EndoPlus Flex Plus Gold X2 (EPG) (Turkuaz Dental, Denizli, Turkey), and EndoPlus Flex Plus Blue #25.06 (EPB) (Turkuaz Dental, Denizli, Turkey) files were tested for cyclic fatigue resistance (n = 20). During experiments artificial zirconia block canal was used. The artificial canal designed with curvature 60 degrees and 5-mm radius. The number of cyclic to fracture (NCF) was noted. Fractured length (FL) parts of Ni-Ti files were recorded to assessment of fracture volumetric point. All fractured surfaces of Ni-Ti files were assessed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) to confirm the type of fractures. Descriptive evaluation become accomplished for the fundamental composition of units with the aid of using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). NCF data were evaluated via Bonferroni test with post hoc multiple comparison method. OC showed the highest NCF values (p .05). The standardization of the study was confirmed as the FL of files was statistically similar in length (p > .05). SEM analysis confirmed that all scanned samples were fractured due to cyclic fatigue. EDX analysis confirmed that EPB established the poorest Ni content file. Research Highlights center dot The cyclic fatigue-related failure of One Curve was significantly more resistant than Protaper Next and EndoPlus files. center dot Scanning electron microscopy images showed that One Curve and Protaper Next have round tips center dot Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy showed that all four endodontic instruments mainly have Nickel and Titanium elementsWe would like to thank Hande Senol for statistical analyses
The Proteasome Inhibitor Ixazomib Targets Epigenetic Chromatin Modification Enzymes Upregulated by M2c Macrophage Polarisation in Lung Cancer*
No full textBackground and Aims: Poor prognosis in lung cancer is associated with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that exhibit M2clike behaviours that support multiple pathways in the tumour microenvironment. The interplay between epigenetic modifications and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway involves three key mechanisms: regulation of epigenetic enzymes by ubiquitin, interaction between ubiquitin and epigenetic modifiers, and epigenetic silencing of critical genes involved in cellular processes. Therefore, we investigated the effects of ixazomib, a proteasome inhibitor, on gene expression changes in epigenetic chromatin modification enzymes in a co-culture of M2c macrophages and A549 lung cancer cells. Methods: The IC50 50 concentration of ixazomib was determined to be 2.19 mu M using a real-time cell analyser. THP-1 monocytes were polarised into M0 macrophages with 100 ng/mL phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), rested, and then exposed to 1 mM hydrocortisone to become M2c macrophages. A549 cells were seeded in the lower chamber of a co-culture plate. M2c macrophages were then co-cultured with A549 cells for 24 h with or without 2.19 mu M ixazomib. After being isolated, mRNA was converted to cDNA and analysed using a gene panel with RT-PCR. Results: The findings showed that 56 genes had exceptionally high expression levels (up to 1848-fold. Ixazomib downregulated these overexpressed genes. Conclusion: Ixazomib effectively modulates the expression of genes involved in epigenetic chromatin modification in the lung cancer microenvironment, indicating its utility in lung cancer therapy. Further studies are needed to explore the combined use of epigenetic drugs and proteasome inhibitors
Investigation of the adaptation of older adults to online learning and artificial intelligence
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the adaptation of older adults, to online learning and artificial intelligence. Material and methods: 210 older adults (109 women; 101 men) aged 65 and over, were included. Hodkinson Mental Test, Online Learning Readiness Scale (OLRS) and Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale (AIAS) were used in evaluation. Older adults with 6 score and above in Hodkinson Mental Test, in which their cognitive level was evaluated, were included. Older adults were stratified according to their gender and age (Group I: 65–70 years; Group II: 71–75 years; Group III: 76 years and over). Results: In comparison analysis between age groups, there was a significant difference in the total score and all subdimensions of OLRS in favor of Group I (p 0.05), and in the total score and all subdimensions of AIAS (p 0.05). When analyzed according to gender, “The computer/Internet self-efficacy” subdimension of OLRS was significantly higher in male older adults (p 0.05). “Learning” subdimension of AIAS was significantly higher in female older adults (p 0.05). Conclusion: With increasing age in older adults, the readiness for online learning decreases and the level of artificial intelligence anxiety increases. There is no difference between male and female older adults in the readiness for online learning and artificial intelligence anxiety levels, and it is moderate in both genders. In this context, we think that information about online and artificial intelligence applications for older adults would be beneficial. © 2024 SEG
Geleneksel toplumdan modern topluma ailenin dönüşümü
No full textToplumun temel taşı olan aile, birbirlerine doğrudan akrabalık bağı ile bağlı olan, yetişkin üyelerin çocuklara bakma rolünde olduğu bir insan topluluğudur. Aile, biyolojik, psikolojik, ekonomik, toplumsal, hukuksal ve benzeri yönleri bulunan toplumsal bir birimdir. Bununla birlikte, geçmişten günümüze toplumda oluşturulmuş maddi ve manevi değerlerin kuşaklar arasında aktarımını sağlamaktadır. Aile, tüm dünyada meydana gelen değişim ve dönüşümlerinin etkilerinin en belirgin olarak takip edildiği toplumsal kurumların başında gelmektedir. Bu gerçeklerden yola çıkarak Türk aile yapısındaki değişim ve dönüşümü ve bu değişim ve dönüşüme etki eden faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla bu araştırma yapılmıştır. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelenmesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma için konuyla ilgili kaynaklara ve verilere ulaşılarak alan da yazın taraması yapılmıştır. Araştırma ile ilgili kitap, tez ve raporlar incelenmiş elde edilen veriler sistematik olarak bir biçimde bütünleştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bulgular arasında ilişkilendirme yapılarak, yargılar oluşturularak, değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Araştırmada Türk aile yapısının değişim ve dönüşümüne etki eden başlıca unsurların göç, yoksulluk, toplumsal değerler, teknoloji ve kadınların çalışma hayatına katılması olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu kapsamda bu unsurlar açıklanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, tüm bu değişim ve dönüşümlere rağmen Türk toplumu hem çağdaş hem de geleneksel özelliklerini aile yapısında korumaya devam etmektedir.The family, the cornerstone of society, is a group of people who are directly related to each other by kinship, with adult members in the role of caring for children. The family is a social unit with biological, psychological, economic, social, legal and similar aspects. However, it provides the transfer of material and spiritual values created in society from past to present between generations. The family is one of the social institutions where the effects of the changes and transformations occurring all over the world are followed most clearly. Based on these facts, this research was conducted in order to evaluate the change and transformation in the Turkish family structure and the factors affecting this change and transformation. In this study, document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. For the research, the literature was searched in the field by accessing the resources and data related to the subject. The books, theses and reports related to the research were examined and the data obtained were tried to be integrated in a systematic way. Evaluations were made by making associations between the findings, forming judgments. In the research, it was concluded that the main factors affecting the change and transformation of the Turkish family structure are migration, poverty, social values, technology and women's participation in working life. In this context, these elements are explained. As a result, despite all these changes and transformations, Turkish society continues to preserve both its contemporary and traditional characteristics in its family structure
Diagnostic value of ultrasonographic septation in the differentiation of scrotal hematocele and hydrocele: a single-center, retrospective study
No full textAim: Since the scrotum and testicles are superficial organs, they can be easily examined by palpation and sometimes transillumination. However, it is not possible to distinguish whether the fluid in the scrotum is hydrocele or hematocele. This study attempts to find an ultrasonographic distinction between hematocele and hydrocele based on a simple finding (septation) that every physician can recognize. Methods: Patients who were admitted to the emergency department (ED) with complaints of scrotal pain, swelling or redness were divided into two groups: those whose complaints developed due to trauma and those whose complaints developed spontaneously. All included patients underwent scrotal US/Doppler by an emergency medicine specialist with US training. Results: Of the 61 patients included in the study, 36 (59%) presented with scrotal trauma and 25 (41%) with non-traumatic complaints. While hematocele was detected in 8 (22.2%) and hydrocele was detected in 1 (2.8%) of 36 patients with a history of trauma, neither hematocele nor hydrocele was detected in 27 (75%). On the other hand, septation was detected in 6 of 8 hematocele patients (75%), but no septation was detected in 2 (25%) patients (p = 0.013). However, no signs of septation were found in any of the 28 patients who presented due to scrotal trauma and had no signs of hematocele. When patients with a history of scrotal trauma were categorized according to duration, no signs of septation were detected in 12 patients who had acute or scrotal trauma within 1 week, while signs of septation were detected in 6 of 24 patients (25%) with a history of scrotal trauma 1-4 weeks ago (p = 0.043). Conclusion: When septation is seen on the US of a patient who presents to the ED with scrotal pain, swelling, or ecchymosis, hematocele must first be ruled out. The presence of septation is not useful in acute trauma for distinguishing hematocele from hydrocele, but it may be useful in distinguishing chronic hematocele from acute hematocele or hydrocele
Endoscopy-assisted suturectomy: can it be the priority choice in the treatment of metopic synostosis?
No full textAIM: To mathematically present the results of endoscopic assisted surgery in the treatment of metopic synostosis. MATERIAL and METHODS: We present a follow-up of the stages of treatment of 43 patients with metopic synostosis who underwent surgery in a multicenter retrospective study between 2018 and 2021. We developed the formula D3/((D1+D2)/2) based on the theory of “The Angle of a Triangle Opposite The Longest Side is the Largest Angle”. And we called this method ‘Metopic Angle Proportion (MAP)’. Paired samples T-test was performed for statistical results. A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: According to the MAP method; measurements for frontal enlargement, mean pretreatment length D1: 34, 57 mm, D2: 34, 81 mm, D3: 60, 46 mm, and the end of treatment as D1: 37, 88 mm, D2: 38, 19 mm, D3: 71, 09 mm. We perfomed the formula D3/[(D1+D2)/2]. While this rate was 1.74 before treatment, it increased to 1.87 after treatment. As a result of statistical analysis, it was also found to be significant (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION: Endoscopy-assisted suturectomy can be applied in health centres where available, because it is safe, easy and cheaper. © (2024), (Turkish Neurosurgical Society). All rights reserved
Preconcentration and Removal of Lead From Water Samples Using Magnetic Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles
No full textThe presence of lead and its compounds is extremely dangerous to various forms of life. Therefore, exploring effective treatments that can reduce the presence of lead ions around us becomes crucial, thereby averting lead toxicity. A magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) procedure for the removal and preconcentration of trace amounts of Pb(II) using copper ferrite nanoparticles (CuFe2O4 NPs) prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) has been proposed. CuFe2O4 as solid-phase extraction adsorbent was synthesized via co-precipitation and characterized by attenuated total reflection-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), x-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These magnetic CuFe2O4 carrying the Pb(II) could be easily separated from the aqueous solution by applying an external magnetic field; no filtration or centrifugation was necessary. Various analytical parameters, including pH, eluent type/concentration, adsorbent mass, sample volume, adsorption/desorption time, mixing, and interfering ions, were systematically studied and optimized for the recovery of Pb(II). A sample volume of 20 mL achieved a preconcentration factor of 20. The method effectively determined Pb(II) in water samples, with recovery values exceeding 95% using the optimal conditions
Sınıf öğretmenlerinin okul dışı öğrenme ortamları hakkındaki görüşleri
No full textAraştırma, sınıf öğretmenlerinin okul dışı öğrenme ortamları hakkındaki görüşlerini ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma 2022–2023 eğitim-öğretim yılı Denizli ili merkez ilçeleri Pamukkale ve Merkezefendi’de görev yapan sınıf öğretmenleriyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan sınıf öğretmenleri basit rastgele örnekleme yoluyla seçilmiştir. Araştırmada 393 sınıf öğretmeninden elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan veri toplama aracı; “Kişisel Bilgiler” ve “Okul Dışı Öğrenme Düzenleme Ölçeği” olmak üzere iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin sonuçlarına bakıldığında sınıf öğretmenlerinin okul dışı öğrenme ortamlarını düzenlemeye ilişkin genel olarak ortalamalarına bakıldığında “yüksek” düzeyde olduğu görülmektedir. Sınıf öğretmenlerinin okul dışı öğrenme ortamlarını düzenlemeye yönelik alt boyutlarına bakıldığında bilgi, uygulama, değerlendirme ve genel toplamda “yüksek” iken planlamada “orta” düzeyde görülmektedir. Sınıf öğretmenlerinin okul dışı öğrenme ortamları hakkında görüşlerinin alt boyutlarına göre cinsiyet, medeni durum açısından farklılık görülmemektedir. Ancak kıdem, okuttuğu sınıf seviyesi ile okul dışı öğrenme ortamlarıyla ilgili eğitim alma durumlarına göre farklılık göstermektedir
Zihinsel antrenmanın bilek güreşçilerinin zihinsel dayanıklılık ve spor kaygı düzeyi üzerine etkileri
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı zihinsel antrenmanın bilek güreşçilerinin zihinsel dayanıklılık ve spor kaygı düzeylerine olan etkisini ölçmektir.
Bu araştırma nicel bir araştırmadır. Çalışmada veri toplama araçları olarak “Sporda Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Envanteri ve Spor Kaygı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada verilerin analizi zihinsel antrenman öncesi ve sonrası olmak üzere ön test, son test şeklinde gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırma elde edilen veriler SPSS (sosyal bilimler için istatistik programı) programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Zihinsel antrenmanın bilek güreşçilerinin zihinsel dayanıklılık ve spor kaygı düzeylerinin ön test-son test değerleri analizi için normal dağılım gösteren verilerde bağımlı iki grup karşılaştırmasında Paired Samples T Testi uygulanmıştır.
Araştırmada sporcuların zihinsel dayanıklılık, zihinsel dayanıklılık alt boyutları, stres ve kaygı hallerinin ön test ve son test sonuçlarına göre pozitif yönde gelişimler görülmüş fakat anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilememiştir.
Hem fiziksel antrenmanlarına devam eden hem zihinsel antrenman protokolünü uygulayan sporcuların zihinsel dayanıklılık, zihinsel dayanıklılık alt boyutları, stres ve kaygı durumlarında genel olarak gelişim olduğu görülmektedir. Bu sonuçlara göre bilek güreşçi sporcularının fiziksel antrenmana ilaveten zihinsel antrenman yapmalarının bu becerilerde gelişim sağladığı söylenebilir.The purpose of this research is to measure the effect of mental training on arm wrestlers mental toughness and sports anxiety levels.
This research is quantitative research. "Sports Mental Toughness Inventory” and Sports Anxiety Scale" were used as data collection tools in the study. In this research, the analysis of the data was carried out in the form of pre-test and post-test, before and after mental training. The data obtained from the research were analyzed using the SPSS (statistical program for social sciences) program. For the analysis of pretest-posttest values of arm wrestlers' mental endurance and sports anxiety levels of mental training, Paired Samples T Test was applied to compare two dependent groups in normally distributed data.
In the study, positive developments were observed according to the pre-test and post-test results of the athletes' mental toughness, mental toughness sub-dimensions, stress and anxiety states, but no significant differences were detected.
It is observed that there is a general improvement in mental endurance, mental endurance sub-dimensions, stress and anxiety situations of athletes who continue both their physical training and apply the mental training protocol. According to these results, it can be said that arm wrestlers' mental training in addition to physical training improves these skills