31451 research outputs found
Sort by
Climate Compatible Planning Approach in Rural-Urban Fringe: the Case of Denizli
No full textUrban and rural areas are highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change and are adversely impacted by the natural disasters it causes. Given their fragile structure and current impacts, enhancing social and spatial resilience has become crucial in the process of combating climate change. To address this, there is a need for methods and strategies that guide local actions and take a holistic approach to both urban and rural areas. This study aims to examine urban and rural areas from a comprehensive perspective in the context of combating climate change and to highlight the significance of the rural-urban fringe, an important transitional zone, in this process. Specifically, the research seeks to answer the following questions: "What are the vulnerabilities and potentials of the rural-urban fringe in the fight against climate change?" and "How can the rural-urban fringe be planned to adapt to climate change?" Denizli rural-urban fringe serves as a case study to explore these questions. The study first established criteria for evaluating adaptation and risk factors related to climate change. A field study was then conducted in a sub-region selected from the periphery of Denizli, based on the city's development trends and the established criteria. Through spatial observations and in-depth interviews, the socio-spatial characteristics, development trends, and future projections of the study area were identified, with its problems and potentials analyzed. Based on this analysis, adaptive planning strategies were proposed. Ultimately, the study presents a framework for planning climate-resilient and sustainable rural-urban environments and offers a climate-responsive planning approach/guideline for medium-sized cities such as Denizli
The Role of the Neat1/Mir410-3p Axis in the Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells
No full textBreast cancer, which is the most common cancer among women in T ; uuml;rkiye and throughout the world, is also one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. A significant factor in these deaths is metastatic breast cancer, which spreads to distant organs. The metastasis of the breast tumor follows a series of steps. Many proteins and signal molecules are in charge of these processes. In addition, NEAT1, a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), was reported to play a key role in breast cancer cell proliferation and survival. Numerous cancer kinds were also shown to have extraordinary miR-410-3p expression levels. NEAT1 and miR-410-3p expression patterns in MCF7 and MCF-10A cell lines were investigated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in this study. The results demonstrated that NEAT1 was elevated by 2.30-fold in cancer cells in comparison to normal cells, whereas miR-410-3p was diminished by -2.85-fold. Furthermore, the transwell invasion experiment demonstrated the invasive potential of the MCF-7 cell line, whereas the MCF-10A cells could not invade. The target analysis revealed that functions of the targets were associated with biological adhesion and cel growth. In conclusion, a correlation was found between overexpression of NEAT1 and increased invasiveness of target cells, as well as inhibition of miR-410-3p, which is a regulatory target of NEAT1.Pamukkale University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [2020SABE028]This study was supported by Pamukkale University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit through project numbers 2020SABE028
The Pd-L1 Promoter Methylation Predicts Gene and Protein Expression Levels in Urothelial Carcinoma
No full textWe aimed to clarify the role of PD-L1 promoter methylation in bladder cancer by analyzing PD-L1 methylation and mRNA expression in FFPE samples, along with PD-L1 mRNA and protein levels in urine samples from bladder urothelial carcinoma patients. We analyzed PD-L1 promoter methylation in 43 bladder urothelial carcinoma tissue samples and 41 nonmalignant bladder tissues using methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting analysis to assess two CpG islands (cg15837913, cg19724470). PD-L1 mRNA expression in tissues and urine samples, along with PD-L1 protein levels in urine, were evaluated. The bladder urothelial carcinoma group showed significantly higher methylation rates for cg19724470 and cg15837913 compared to controls (P = 0.016, P = 0.049 respectively). In the patient group, tissue PD-L1 mRNA expression was 15.22 times higher and urinary PD-L1 mRNA expression 6.56 times higher in the cg19724470 unmethylated group compared to the methylated group. Urinary PD-L1 protein concentration was twice as high in the cg19724470 unmethylated group compared to the methylated group. In the patients, tissue PD-L1 mRNA expression was 4.58 times higher and urinary PD-L1 mRNA expression 2.58 times higher in the cg15837913 unmethylated group compared to the methylated group. Moreover, the urinary PD-L1 protein concentration was 1.7 times higher in the cg15837913 unmethylated group than in the methylated group (P = 0.036). A positive correlation was observed between tissue PD-L1 mRNA and both urine PD-L1 mRNA and protein levels and between urine PD-L1 mRNA and protein levels. This study suggests that PD-L1 methylation may be a key epigenetic regulator influencing PD-L1 expression and disease pathogenesis in bladder urothelial carcinoma.This work was supported by Pamukkale University Scientific Research Unit (Grant no. 2023BSP007) .Pamukkale University Scientific Research Unit [2023BSP007
Ai-Driven Early Diagnosis of Specific Mental Disorders: a Comprehensive Study
No full textOne of the areas where artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are used is the detection and diagnosis of mental disorders. AI approaches, including machine learning and deep learning models, can identify early signs of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, depression, suicidality, and dementia by analyzing speech patterns, behaviors, and physiological data. These approaches increase diagnostic accuracy and enable timely intervention, which is crucial for effective treatment. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of AI approaches applied to mental disorder detection using various data sources, such as survey, Electroencephalography (EEG) signal, text and image. Applications include predicting anxiety and depression levels in online games, detecting schizophrenia from EEG signals, detecting autism spectrum disorder, analyzing text-based indicators of suicidality and depression, and diagnosing dementia from magnetic resonance imaging images. eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), light gradient-boosting machine (LightGBM), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor were designed as machine learning models, and convolutional neural networks (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) models suitable for the dataset were designed as deep learning models. Data preprocessing techniques such as wavelet transforms, normalization, clustering were used to optimize model performances, and hyperparameter optimization and feature extraction were performed. While the LightGBM technique had the highest performance with 96% accuracy for anxiety and depression prediction, the optimized SVM stood out with 97% accuracy. Autism spectrum disorder classification reached 98% accuracy with XGBoost, RF and LightGBM. The LSTM model achieved a high accuracy of 83% in schizophrenia diagnosis. The GRU model showed the best performance with 93% accuracy in text-based suicide and depression detection. In the detection of dementia, LSTM and GRU models have demonstrated their effectiveness in data analysis by reaching 99% accuracy. The findings of the study highlight the effectiveness of LSTM and GRU for sequential data analysis and their applicability in medical imaging or natural language processing. XGBoost and LightGBM are noted to be highly accurate ML tools for clinical diagnoses. In addition, hyperparameter optimization and advanced data pre-processing approaches are confirmed to significantly improve model performance. The results obtained with this study have revealed the potential to improve clinical decision support systems for mental disorders with AI, facilitating early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies.Pamukkale UniversityThis study was carried out as a master's thesis by Firuze Damla Ery ; imath;lmaz BARAN under the supervision of Assoc. Prof. Dr. Meric CETIN in the Department of Computer Engineering at Pamukkale University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences
Assessment of Mo2c@c@fuc/Mo2c-mxene@fuc Hybrid Structures: Potential for Photothermal and Photodynamic Applications
No full textMXenes, a member of the two-dimensional (2D) material family, and their hybrid structures have been the subject of considerable interest due to their unique properties, including a high surface area, chemical stability, and hydrophilicity. Due to their properties, application studies continue in medicine, biomedical, environment, and many other fields. MXenes are currently being utilized extensively in photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications, and they have attracted considerable interest due to their efficacy in this field. In this study, the synthesis of Mo2C@C@Fuc/Mo2C-MXene@Fuc hybrid structures was performed. The resulting hybrid structure was then coated with poly (allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and fucoidan (Fuc), respectively. The synthesized hybrid structure was characterized by techniques such as FE-SEM, XPS, and Zeta potential. The photothermal conversion capacity and photostability of Mo2C@C@Fuc/Mo2C-MXene@Fuc nanohybrids have been demonstrated through experimentation, which are essential characteristics for their potential use in PTT. Moreover, the photothermal conversion capacity was calculated based on the heating and cooling durations, whereas the singlet oxygen production efficiency was evaluated using the 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) fluorescent probe, which was also utilized as a PDT agent. These findings highlight the potential of Mo2C@C@Fuc/Mo2C-MXene@Fuc hybrid structures in photothermal therapy, particularly their efficacy in converting near-infrared radiation into therapeutic heat. Additionally, their potential for photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been demonstrated through ROS generation.This research has been financially supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TUBITAK (Grant: 122Z055) .Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TUBITAK [122Z055
Multicenter Study on the Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Treatment Outcomes of Insulinoma: Insights From 15 Medical Centres
No full textEngin, Ismail/0000-0002-6493-9194ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and treatment outcomes of insulinoma patients from diverse regions across the country. We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records from 76 adult patients diagnosed with insulinoma between 2018 and 2023 at 15 medical centres. Data collected included demographics, presenting symptoms, laboratory and imaging results, surgical reports, pathology findings, and clinical follow-up information. DesignMulti-centre retrospective study. MethodsThe study revealed that key factors such as age, BMI, symptom duration, tumour size, and follow-up period were similar across genders. The majority of patients experienced neuroglycopenic symptoms, particularly during fasting. Insulinoma was typically diagnosed either during fasting or spontaneously, with no significant gender differences in glucose and insulin levels during hypoglycemia. However, men exhibited higher C-peptide levels (p 0.05). Common comorbidities included hypertension, hypothyroidism, and cardiovascular conditions, and some patients had been using antiepileptics or antidepressants before their diagnosis. ResultsPreoperative tumour diagnoses were largely accurate, with endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) being the most effective method. Most tumours were small ( 2 cm) and located in the pancreas body, with the majority being solitary. Surgical treatments primarily involved enucleation or distal pancreatectomy. Follow-up data indicated high remission rates, with low rates of nonremission and mortality. ConclusionThis study emphasises that early diagnosis and intervention, particularly in patients with a history of neurological or psychiatric issues, postprandial symptoms, or rapid symptom improvement after treatment, can lead to significantly better outcomes.The authors would like to thank the technical staff at all the hospitals included in the study. The authors received no specific funding for this work.The authors received no specific funding for this work
Teacher Experiences Regarding the Use of the Baglama as an Accompaniment Instrument in Secondary School Music Lessons (the Case of Antalya Province)
No full textThe purpose of this study is to examine teachers' experiences regarding the use of the bağlama as an accompanying instrument in secondary school music lessons and the effects of this instrument on educational processes. Considering the importance of the bağlama in Turkish folk music, a detailed analysis was made on the place and functionality of this instrument in music education. The research was carried out using a qualitative approach using a phenomenological design. The universe of the research consists of music teachers working in secondary schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Antalya. 22 music teachers selected by snowball sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling methods, constituted the sample of the study. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview form and face-to-face interview method. Data obtained from participants were analyzed using content analysis, a qualitative data analysis technique, and the findings were themed within a logical framework. Themes were determined based on important headings obtained from teacher opinions after the coding process. The research results showed that the use of the bağlama in secondary school music lessons made significant contributions to the teaching of folk songs and modes, values education, group performances and individual studies. The participants stated that the bağlama increased the interest of the students in the lesson and that this instrument was an important tool in the transmission of cultural heritage. However, the structural features of the bağlama can make the playing process of the students difficult and create some limitations in its integration with modern music genres. Keywords: Bağlama, secondary education, music education, accompaniment instrument.Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaöğretim müzik derslerinde eşlik çalgısı olarak bağlamanın kullanımına yönelik öğretmen deneyimlerini ve bu çalgının eğitim süreçlerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Bağlamanın Türk halk müziği içerisindeki önemi göz önüne alınarak, bu çalgının müzik eğitimindeki yeri ve işlevselliği üzerine detaylı bir analiz yapılmıştır. Araştırma, nitel bir yaklaşımla fenomenoloji deseni kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini Antalya ilinde Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı'na bağlı ortaöğretim kurumlarında görev yapan müzik öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 22 müzik öğretmeni, çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Veriler, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler, nitel veri analizi tekniklerinden içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiş, elde edilen bulgular mantıksal çerçevede temalandırılmıştır. Temalar, kodlama süreci sonrasında öğretmen görüşlerinden elde edilen önemli başlıklar üzerinden belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, bağlamanın ortaöğretim müzik derslerinde kullanımının, türküler ve makam öğretimi, değerler eğitimi, toplu icralar ve bireysel çalışmalarda önemli katkılar sağladığını göstermiştir. Katılımcılar, bağlamanın öğrencilerin derse olan ilgisini artırdığını ve bu çalgının kültürel mirasın aktarımında önemli bir araç olduğunu ifade etmiştir. Bununla birlikte, bağlamanın yapısal özellikleri, öğrencilerin çalma süreçlerini zorlaştırabilmekte ve modern müzik türlerine entegrasyonunda bazı sınırlılıklar yaratabilmektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: Bağlama, ortaöğretim, müzik eğitimi, eşlik çalgısı
Sculpting Heroes and Myths: an Anta Capital From Alabanda in Caria
No full textYener, Baris/0000-0002-8019-1753This study delves into the comprehensive examination of an anta capital discovered during the 2008 excavations at the ancient site of Alabanda in Caria, now housed in the Ayd ; imath;n Archaeological Museum. Employing a typological and stylistic analysis, the research attributes the capital to the latter part of the fifth century BC, emphasising its intricate architectural ornamentation and sculptural details that reflect significant artistic and cultural developments of the period. The capital features elaborate ornament bands and mythological reliefs, including depictions of Bellerophon-Pegasus and Chimera, and a griffin attacking a horse, which are analysed for their iconographic and symbolic significance within the broader Anatolian and Mediterranean contexts. The study also explores the potential original architectural setting of the capital, suggesting its use in a monumental tomb, a hypothesis supported by its dimensions and decorative complexity. Furthermore, the article discusses the role of such imagery in asserting local identities and engaging with wider Hellenic cultural and political themes, particularly considering the complex interactions between local Carian traditions and the dominant Greek culture of the period. The findings not only contribute to our understanding of Carian art and architecture but also highlight the region's active participation in the cultural dialogues of the Classical world
Evaluation of Serum Calprotectin Levels in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
No full textPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age. PCOS is associated with many chronic complications such as endometrial thickening, endometrial cancer, breast cancer, infertility, dyslipidemia, and long-term cardiovascular disease. Therefore, many parameters and markers should be used in the evaluation of patients diagnosed with PCOS. Calprotectin has also been shown to be an important marker of destruction in many diseases that progress with inflammatory processes. The objective of our study was to examine the diagnostic efficacy of calprotectin in the context of polycystic ovary syndrome. In this study, 39 patients diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome and 41 healthy controls were analyzed. Serum calprotectin levels were compared between patients with different phenotypes of PCOS and a control group. Our study demonstrates significant differences in hormonal and inflammatory parameters between PCOS patients and healthy controls. PCOS patients exhibited significantly lower FSH levels and higher LH levels, resulting in a marked increase in the LH/FSH ratio. Additionally, DHEA-S and total testosterone levels were significantly elevated in the PCOS group, while SHBG levels were notably lower. The free androgen index (FAI) and serum calprotectin levels were also significantly higher in the PCOS group, highlighting the potential role of calprotectin in the pathophysiology of the disorder. Our study demonstrated that serum calprotectin levels are significantly higher in patients with PCOS compared to healthy controls. This finding underscores the potential role of calprotectin in the pathophysiology of PCOS and suggests that this marker could provide valuable insights into the inflammatory processes associated with the condition. However, further large-scale and long-term studies are necessary to better understand the impact of calprotectin on different PCOS phenotypes and its potential application in clinical practice
Effect of Various Surface Treatments on Relining Bond Strength of Cad-Cam Denture Base Materials
No full textPurpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of various surface treatments and production methods on the shear bond strength (SBS) between reline material and denture base resins. Materials and Methods: One-hundred-twenty specimens were produced using conventional heat-polymerization, subtractive, and additive techniques. Each group consisted of 40 specimens. The specimens were divided into four subgroups, each with 10 samples, for surface treatments. These subgroups were: (1) Control-only monomer application, (2) 50 μm airborne-particle abrasion, (3) 110 μm airborne-particle abrasion, and (4) Roughening with tungsten carbide bur. Representative specimens from each subgroup were examined under SEM. Then, auto-polymerized resin was condensed in the center of the specimens. Specimens were subjected to thermal aging (5000 cycles at 5–55°C). The SBS test was conducted and failure loads were recorded. The data were evaluated by two-way ANOVA and Tukey pairwise multiple comparisons method (p 0.05). Results: The additively produced group showed significantly lower SBS than conventional and subtractive groups (p 0.001), with no significant differences between the subtractive and conventional groups. Specimens that underwent monomer application only showed the lowest SBS among surface treatments, while 50 μm airborne-particle abrasion showed the highest SBS. Based on the partial eta-squared analysis results, the surface treatment mainly impacted SBS. Conclusions: Among the surface treatment methods, treating denture bases with 50 μm airborne-particle abrasion is more effective for maintaining adhesion, especially in the additive technique. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Prosthodontics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Prosthodontists.Turkish Dental Associatio