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Marchi e Internet. Relazione tra nomi di dominio e marchi registrati. Far valere il proprio marchio nello spazio virtuale
Full text linkIl seminario è l'ultimo di sei appuntamenti organizzati da Sardegna Ricerche per approfondire aspetti poco noti legati alla gestione dei beni immateriali. Il seminario vuole dare risposta ad una serie di domande, quali: cos'è un nome di dominio? In che rapporto è il diritto su un nome di dominio con il diritto dei marchi? Di cosa bisogna tener conto quando si utilizzano i marchi in internet? Un fattore di complicazione è la constatazione che oltre al diritto statale, per la tutela del marchio ci si può attivare con alcuni strumenti autodisciplinari messi a disposizione dai principali fornitori di servizi. Non da ultimo occorre misurare la portata del diritto dei marchi nell’ambito delle cosiddette “reti sociali” dove ogni fornitore di servizi ha disciplinato la gestione dei diritti di marchio e di proprietà industriale.2014-03-07Centro dei Congressi Fiera Internazionale della Sardegna piazzale CONI - CagliariCiclo di sei seminari sulla gestione dei beni immaterial
Creativi per forza! Tutelare e promuovere le proprie opere nell'era della condivisione e della conoscenza
Full text linkNel corso dell'incontro i due relatori hanno risposto alle seguenti domande, utili per chi voglia usare la propria creatività per fare impresa:
1. Devo farmi conoscere: come posso usare il web e i social media per promuovermi e cercare di evitare che altri si approprino della mia creatività?
2. Devo andare ad una fiera di settore: quali azioni preliminari devo fare per tutelare la mia creatività e comunicare il suo valore?
3. Non ho molti soldi: quali costi devo sostenere per dotarmi di strumenti di tutela adeguati al mio scopo?
4. Voglio vendere online: quali aspetti devo considerare prima di aprire il mio negozio virtuale?
5. Come faccio a sapere se quello che ho creato non viola diritti di qualcun'altro?
6. È vero che basta che mi spedisco una raccomandata per dimostrare che sono io il titolare della mia opera?
L'incontro si è arricchito della testimonianza di Stefano Carta Vasconcellos, diplomato IED, con un intervento dal titolo "cucinaLeggera: digital fabrication come concreto strumento di creatività".2014-11-10Istituto Europeo di Design (IED), Aula Magna - Viale Trento 39, CagliariDall'idea al mercato: ciclo di seminari su come realizzare un'ide
An Easy and Efficient Method for Native and Immunoreactive Echinococcus granulosus Antigen 5 Enrichment from Hydatid Cyst Fluid
Full text linkBackground: Currently, the serodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis relies mostly on crude Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst fluid as the antigen. Consequently, available immunodiagnostic tests lack standardization of the target antigen and, in turn, this is reflected on poor sensitivity and specificity of the serological diagnosis.
Methodology/Principal Findings: Here, a chromatographic method enabling the generation of highly enriched Antigen 5 (Ag5) is described. The procedure is very easy, efficient and reproducible, since different hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) sources produced very similar chromatograms, notwithstanding the clearly evident and extreme heterogeneity of the starting material. In addition, the performance of the antigen preparation in immunological assays was preliminarily assessed by western immunoblotting and ELISA on a limited panel of cystic echinococcosis patients and healthy controls. Following western immunoblotting and ELISA experiments, a high reactivity of patient sera was seen, with unambiguous and highly specific results.
Conclusions/Significance: The methods and results reported open interesting perspectives for the development of sensitive diagnostic tools to enable the timely and unambiguous detection of cystic echinococcosis antibodies in patient sera.This work was supported by Regione Autonoma della Sardegna (http://www.regione.sardegna.it/)Pubblicat
Kinase domain-targeted isolation of defense-related receptor-like kinases (RLK/Pelle) in Platanus × acerifolia: phylogenetic and structural analysis
Full text linkBackground: Plant receptor-like kinase (RLK/Pelle) family regulates growth and developmental processes and interaction with pathogens and symbionts. Platanaceae is one of the earliest branches of Eudicots temporally located before the split which gave rise to Rosids and Asterids. Thus investigations into the RLK family in Platanus can provide information on the evolution of this gene family in the land plants.
Moreover RLKs are good candidates for finding genes that are able to confer resistance to Platanus pathogens.
Results: Degenerate oligonucleotide primers targeting the kinase domain of stress-related RLKs were used to isolate for the first time 111 RLK gene fragments in Platanus × acerifolia. Sequences were classified as candidates of the following subfamilies: CrRLK1L, LRR XII, WAK-like, and LRR X-BRI1 group. All the structural features typical of the RLK kinase domain were identified, including the non-RD motif which marks potential pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs). The LRR XII candidates, whose counterpart in Arabidopsis and rice comprises non-RD PRRs, were mostly non-RD kinases, suggesting a group of PRRs. Region-specific signatures of a relaxed purifying selection in the LRR XII candidates were also found, which is novel for plant RLK kinase domain and further supports the role of LRR XII candidates as PRRs. As we obtained CrRLK1L candidates using primers designed on Pto of tomato, we analysed the phylogenetic relationship between CrRLK1L and Pto-like of plant species. We thus classified all non-solanaceous Pto-like genes as CrRLK1L and highlighted for the first time the close phylogenetic vicinity between CrRLK1L and Pto group. The origins of Pto from CrRLK1L is proposed as an evolutionary mechanism.
Conclusions: The signatures of relaxed purifying selection highlight that a group of RLKs might have been
involved in the expression of phenotypic plasticity and is thus a good candidate for investigations into pathogen resistance. Search of Pto-like genes in Platanus highlighted the close relationship between CrRLK1L and Pto group. It will be exciting to verify if sensu strictu Pto are present in taxonomic groups other than Solanaceae, in order to further clarify the evolutionary link with CrRLK1L.
We obtained a first valuable resource useful for an in-depth study on stress perception systems.Pubblicat
Evaluating the Impact of Different Sequence Databases on Metaproteome Analysis: Insights from a Lab-Assembled Microbial Mixture
Full text linkMetaproteomics enables the investigation of the protein repertoire expressed by complex microbial communities. However, to unleash its full potential, refinements in bioinformatic approaches for data analysis are still needed. In this context, sequence databases selection represents a major challenge.
This work assessed the impact of different databases in metaproteomic investigations by using a mock microbial mixture including nine diverse bacterial and eukaryotic species, which was subjected to shotgun metaproteomic analysis. Then, both the microbial mixture and the single microorganisms were subjected to next generation sequencing to obtain experimental metagenomic- and genomic-derived databases, which were used along with public databases (namely, NCBI, UniProtKB/SwissProt and UniProtKB/TrEMBL, parsed at different taxonomic levels) to analyze the metaproteomic dataset. First, a quantitative comparison in terms of number and overlap of peptide identifications was carried out among all databases. As a result, only 35% of peptides were common to all database classes; moreover, genus/species-specific databases provided up to 17% more identifications compared to databases with generic taxonomy, while the metagenomic database enabled a slight increment in respect to public databases. Then, database behavior in terms of false discovery rate and peptide degeneracy was critically evaluated. Public databases with generic taxonomy exhibited a markedly different trend compared to the counterparts. Finally, the reliability of taxonomic attribution according to the lowest common ancestor approach (using MEGAN and Unipept software) was assessed. The level of misassignments varied among the different databases, and specific thresholds based on the number of taxon-specific peptides were established to minimize false positives. This study confirms that database selection has a significant impact in metaproteomics, and provides critical indications for improving depth and reliability of metaproteomic results. Specifically, the use of iterative searches and of suitable filters for taxonomic assignments is proposed with the aim of increasing coverage and trustworthiness of metaproteomic data.Pubblicat
Mycoplasma agalactiae MAG_5040 is a Mg2+ -Dependent, Sugar-Nonspecific SNase Recognised by the Host Humoral Response during Natural Infection
Full text linkIn this study the enzymatic activity of Mycoplasma agalactiae MAG_5040, a magnesium-dependent nuclease homologue to the staphylococcal SNase was characterized and its antigenicity during natural infections was established. A UGA corrected version of MAG_5040, lacking the region encoding the signal peptide, was expressed in Escherichia coli as a GST fusion protein. Recombinant GST-MAG_5040 exhibits nuclease activity similar to typical sugar-nonspecific endo- and exonucleases, with DNA as the preferred substrate and optimal activity in the presence of 20 mM MgCl2 at temperatures ranging from 37 to 45°C. According to in silico analyses, the position of the gene encoding MAG_5040 is consistently located upstream an ABC transporter, in most sequenced mycoplasmas belonging to the Mycoplasma hominis group. In M. agalactiae, MAG_5040 is transcribed in a polycistronic RNA together with the ABC transporter components and with MAG_5030, which is predicted to be a sugar solute binding protein by 3D modeling and homology search. In a natural model of sheep and goats infection, anti-MAG_5040 antibodies were detected up to 9 months post infection. Taking into account its enzymatic activity, MAG_5040 could play a key role in Mycoplasma agalactiae survival into the host, contributing to host pathogenicity. The identification of MAG_5040 opens new perspectives for the development of suitable tools for the control of contagious agalactia in small ruminants.Pubblicat
BlaSTorage: a fast package to parse, manage and store BLAST results
Full text linkBackground: Large-scale sequence studies requiring BLAST-based analysis produce huge amounts of data to be parsed. BLAST parsers are available, but they are often missing some important features, such as keeping all information from the raw BLAST output, allowing direct access to single results, and performing logical operations
over them.
Findings: We implemented BlaSTorage, a Python package that parses multi BLAST results and returns them in a purpose-built object-database format. Unlike other BLAST parsers, BlaSTorage retains and stores all parts of BLAST results, including alignments, without loss of information; a complete API allows access to all the data components.
Conclusions: BlaSTorage shows comparable speed of more basic parser written in compiled languages as C++ and can be easily integrated into web applications or software pipelines.Pubblicat
Generazione Faber
Full text linkl programma "Generazione Faber" assegna borse a disoccupati o inoccupati residenti in Sardegna e in possesso di un diploma o di una laurea che desiderino realizzare i propri progetti di sperimentazione avvalendosi del FabLab (Fabrication Laboratory) di Sardegna Ricerche.
I progetti potranno consistere nello sviluppo di un prototipo o di un processo, nella creazione di oggetti di design, in attività di digital fabrication o nel riutilizzo di oggetti di produzione industriale. Potranno inoltre riguardare qualsiasi tematica, ma dovranno necessariamente individuare soluzioni a problemi tecnici o risposte a esigenze realmente avvertite dalla collettività.Finanziamenti::Fondi Sardegna Ricerch
Acceleration of the anisotropic PSPI imaging algorithm with dataflow engines
No full textAlthough time-domain depth migration techniques have been successfully ported to run on modern hardware accelerators, their ultimate obstacle is the I/O overhead present during the imaging step. Frequency-domain depth migration algorithms overcome this limitation and can exploit the full potential of new computing technologies. In particular, our implementation of Phase Shift Plus Interpolation (PSPI) method is characterized by fast running time, good quality results under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions and excellent results for steep dips. We provide a novel computational dataflow scheme to perform acceleration of PSPI on a generic dataflow engine. We present speedup results obtained on the state-of-the-art dataflow technology for synthetic VTI datasets. Our measurements indicate that a dataflow approach can achieve high speedups despite larger and larger computational domains, increased complexity of the anisotropic approach and the I/O overhead during angle-gathers calculation.3402-340