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Radioattività nei materiali da costruzione
Full text linkIl progetto intende favorire la formazione della massa critica di risorse e conoscenze che consenta alle imprese concessionarie della cava e alle imprese operanti nel settore dei materiali da costruzione di: acquisire know-how specifico sugli strumenti e sulle tecniche di misurazione della radioattività naturale; caratterizzare il proprio materiale dal punto di vista della radioattività naturale. Il progetto consentirà alle imprese interessate
l'apprendimento e l'accrescimento delle competenze necessarie per valutare il rischio connesso alla presenza di radioattività naturale nei materiali da costruzione e misurare la radioattività nei materiali da costruzione.Finanziamenti::Fondi Sardegna Ricerch
Feasibility study of a CRS4 alternative spallation target for FASTEF
Full text linkThis document gathers some information on the free surface simulations with starccmV4.06 of preliminary versions of a CRS4 spallation target outsider candidate for the XT-ADS or FASTEF spallation target. The initial attempts are shortly illustrated and motivations for the changes are given. Once reasonably satisfied with the geometry, we test a rather simple condensation/sharpening algorithm on rather stiff operating conditions. Several variants, always based on a source/sink term for the light phase, are tested, systematically showing a degradation of the algorithm performances from the original algorithm. Finally, a full 3D loop of a potential candidate as spallation target with a sharp highly transient free-surface and a simplified thermal coupling is described and commented
Inferring modules from human protein interactome classes
Full text linkThe integration of protein-protein interaction networks derived from high-throughput screening approaches and complementary sources is a key topic in systems biology. Although integration of protein interaction data is conventionally performed, the effects of this procedure on the result of network analyses has not been examined yet. In particular, in order to optimize the fusion of heterogeneous interaction datasets, it is crucial to consider not only their degree of coverage and accuracy, but also their mutual dependencies and additional salient features.
We examined this issue based on the analysis of modules detected by network clustering methods applied to both integrated and individual (disaggregated) data sources, which we call interactome classes. Due to class diversity, we deal with variable dependencies of data features arising from structural specificities and biases, but also from possible overlaps. Since highly connected regions of the human interactome may point to potential protein complexes, we have focused on the concept of modularity, and elucidated the detection power of module extraction algorithms by independent validations based on GO, MIPS and KEGG. From the combination of protein interactions with gene expressions, a confidence scoring scheme has been proposed before proceeding via GO with further classification in permanent and transient modules.
Disaggregated interactomes are shown to be informative for inferring modularity, thus contributing to perform an effective integrative analysis. Validation of the extracted modules by multiple annotation allows for the assessment of confidence measures assigned to the modules in a protein pathway context. Notably, the proposed multilayer confidence scheme can be used for network calibration by enabling a transition from unweighted to weighted interactomes based on biological evidence.Pubblicat
Sviluppo e utilizzo di nanodevice
Full text linkIl progetto è inserito all'interno del programma strategico "Biotecnologie applicate all'agroalimentare ed alla zootecnia". Esso ha l'obiettivo di acquisire nuovi sistemi per il delivery di ligandi o vaccini attraverso nanodevice biocompatibili. I materiali biocompatibili possono essere ingegnerizzati in nano particelle contenenti ligandi o vaccini e con proprietà simili a vettori biologici naturali come i batteri ed i virus. Per esempio, i nanodevice (nano strutture di sintesi) possono essere disegnati per interagire in maniera specifica e prevedibile con determinati tessuti o cellule, per evadere barriere fisiologiche o stimolare le cellule che presentano l'antigene nella risposta immunitaria.
Le nanostrutture di sintesi, potendo essere controllate in funzione delle dimensioni, della forma e della chimica di superficie, si dimostrano strumenti di grande impatto scientifico e tecnologico e ad elevatissimo potenziale economico nei settori correlati alla produzione di diagnostici e vaccini in ambito agroindustriale.
Il progetto, che è realizzato grazie al supporto tecnico delle piattaforme tecnologiche di Porto Conte Ricerche, è articolato nelle seguenti fasi:
- definizione del programma di dettaglio delle attività sperimentali da svolgere
- realizzazione delle attività sperimentali
- presentazione dei risultati alle imprese partecipanti.Finanziamenti::Fondi Sardegna Ricerch
Spontaneous feline mammary intraepithelial lesions as a model for human estrogen receptor- and progesterone receptor-negative breast lesions
Full text linkBackground. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women. Intraepithelial lesions (IELs), such as usual ductal hyperplasia (UH), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are risk factors that predict a woman's chance of developing invasive breast cancer. Therefore, a comparative study that establishes an animal model of pre-invasive lesions is needed for the development of preventative measures and effective treatment for both mammary IELs and tumors. The purpose of this study was to characterize the histologic and molecular features of feline mammary IELs and compare them with those in women.
Methods. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens (n = 205) from 203 female cats with clinical mammary disease were retrieved from the archives of the Purdue University Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Veterinary Teaching Hospital (West Lafayette, IN), and the Department of Pathology and Veterinary Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine (Sassari, Italy). Histologic sections, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), were evaluated for the presence of IELs in tissue adjacent to excised mammary tumors. Lesions were compared to those of humans. Immunohistochemistry for estrogen receptor (ER-alpha), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2/neu) and Ki-67 was performed in IELs and adjacent tumor tissues.
Results. Intraepithelial lesions were found in 57 of 203 (28%) feline mammary specimens and were categorized as UH (27%), ADH (29%), and DCIS (44%). Most IELs with atypia (ADH and DCIS) were associated with mammary cancer (91%), whereas UH was associated with benign lesions in 53% of cases. Feline IELs were remarkably similar to human IELs. No ER or PR immunoreactivity was detected in intermediate-grade or high-grade DCIS or their associated malignant tumors. HER-2 protein overexpression was found in 27% of IELs.
Conclusion. The remarkable similarity of feline mammary IELs to those of humans, with the tendency to lose hormone receptor expression in atypical IELs, supports the cat as a possible model to study ER- and PR-negative breast lesions.1-11Pubblicat
UOMO
No full textIl Progetto U.O.M.O. (Unità Ottimizzate Modelli Operativi) o “Simulatore Umano” ha lo scopo di sviluppare tecniche e metodi per avvicinarsi sempre di più a un sistema informatico che simuli gli effetti provocati da un candidato farmaco sull'organismo umano, per poterne prevedere efficacia e sicurezza. Il sistema provvede all'integrazione di informazioni chimiche, biologiche e farmacologiche in formato digitale: dati rappresentativi e descrittivi delle molecole in sperimentazione come farmaco; dati sui risultati dei test biologici a cui sono sottoposte le molecole; dati farmacologici sull'interazione delle molecole con l'organismo umano. I dati provenienti da varie fonti (PubChem, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)) sono opportunamente filtrati per eliminare le ridondanze e renderli coerenti. I dataset così ottenuti, sono analizzati con l’uso di algoritmi di apprendimento automatico (machine learning) per individuare eventuali associazioni tra attività e struttura molecolare. Dalle associazioni individuate derivano i modelli per la predizione dell’attività delle molecole. Come risultato finale il sistema assegna a ogni nuova molecola un probabile profilo di attività, segnalando i casi di situazioni ad alto rischio. Il “Simulatore Umano” sarà utilizzato per la sperimentazione di nuovi farmaci, fornendo indicazioni sulla possibile efficacia e sicurezza delle molecole testate. Il progetto, realizzato sotto la supervisione scientifica del Dott. Luca Pani, direttore della Sezione di Neurofarmacologia dell'Istituto Tecnologie Biomediche del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, è finanziato dalla Regione Sardegna.UOMO Project, or “Man simulator”, aims to bring us closer to a computational system to simulate the effects of a new drug on the human body and to predict drug safety and efficacy. System is based on the integration of different kinds of scientific data: molecular structures; biological activity data, such as bioassay results; pharmacological data describing the effects of molecules on the human body. Data are collected from different sources (e.g. publications, PubChem, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)), and are curated to to remove redundancies and assert coherence. The resulting datasets are analyzed with machine learning algorithms to extract important patterns and relations between molecular structrure and activity, from which derive predictive activity models The end result is that for a given new molecule, the system will provide a probable activity profile, and flag high risk situations. The “Man simulator” will be used in virtual screening for new lead compounds and to identify drug candidates that have a high risk of unintended side effects. UOMO project is realized in collaboration with Luca Pani, head of Section of Neuropharmacology of the Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Italian National Research Council, and is funded by the Regione Autonoma della Sardegna.Completat
An energy preserving upscaling technique for enhanced volume rendering of medical data
Full text linkProc. 3D Anatomical Human Summer School 2010, 23-24 May, Chania, Greece: EU Marie Curie Research Training Network. 2010.In this paper we describe an edge-directed optimization-based method for volumetric data supersampling. Our method faces the problem of partial volume effect by upscaling the volumetric data, subdividing voxels in smaller parts and performing an optimization step keeping constant the energy of each original subdivided voxel while enhancing edge continuity. Experimental tests show the good quality of the results obtained with our approach. Furthermore, we show how offline 3D upscaling of volumes can be coupled with recent techniques to perform high quality volume rendering of large datsets, obtaining a better inspection of medical volumetric data.In corso di stamp
Shape enhancement for rapid prototyping
Full text linkMany applications, for instance in the reverse engineering and cultural heritage field, require to build a physical replica of 3D digital models. Recent 3D printers can easily perform this task in a relatively short time and using color to reproduce object textures. However, the finite resolution of printers and, most of all, some peculiar optical and physical properties of the used materials reduce their perceptual quality. The contribution of this paper is a shape enhancing technique, which allows users to increase readability of the tiniest details in physical replicas, without requiring manual post-reproduction interventions.831-840Pubblicat
Free fall 2D+ simulation with starccm+V4
Full text linkThe aim of this note is to gather some information on the free surface simulations with starccm+ V4 of a 2D+ free falling jet. Two transient simulations are performed aimed at stabilizing the stagnation level where a free falling jet re-connect to the mainstream. While the main objective failed, some useful information on the condensation/sharpening algorithm used is gained