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Full Issue_ Artizein_2024
Get PDFThis special issue, Ettingerian Matrixial Theory, Education and the Arts attunes with and brings together the cross-currents of creative and scholarly works that are emerging internationally between Ettingerian Matrixial Theory (EMT), Education and the Arts
Beyond the Classroom: Influence of a Sustainability Intervention on University Students’ Environmental Knowledge and Behaviors
Get PDFOn college campuses, environmental science education largely takes place in classrooms, thereby limiting impact on the full student body. By implementing an educational intervention in an informal campus setting, this study tested an approach aimed at expanding the reach of environmental learning. Students at a mid-size Midwestern university were exposed to a food-focused environmental and climate education intervention consisting of sustainability trivia and marketing materials displayed in dining halls. Prior to exposure, students completed a pre-test, followed by a 5-week intervention, then a post-test. Comparing correct responses between pre-test and post-test, we found a significant increase in environmental and climate impact knowledge. The intervention was especially effective for women such that knowledge increased significantly more among women than among men. Additionally, we found a significant decrease in red meat consumption post-intervention. There were no significant differences between major categories or race and ethnicity. Results indicate that sustainability interventions implemented outside classrooms can be effective. Emphasizing connections between environmental health and sustainable food choices is important in improving students’ environmental awareness
A Reflection of American Affairs and Values: The Evolution of the Summer Camp in American History
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Expanded Stepparent and Grandparent Third Party Childcare in Illinois
Get PDFRecognizing the need for reforms involving, inter alia, parental and third-party childcare interests, the Illinois General Assembly created a study committee, resulting in several proposed amendments to the Illinois Parentage Act and to the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act. After several years of debate and amendment, parentage and marriage dissolution law reforms were enacted in 2015. Unfortunately, the recent changes, and the earlier proposals arising from the study, insufficiently address the inadequacies of the current regimes on third-party childcare, especially childcare opportunities for stepparents and grandparents. This is especially problematic since there are few, if any, opportunities for Illinois stepparents and grandparents to become parents in the absence of formal adoption. General Assembly action is warranted. Suggested approaches follow
NSA Metadata Collection & Storage: An Internment Camp for Citizens\u27 Effects
Get PDFThe Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution provides the people the right to be “secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures,” which means the people have the right to freedom from warrantless government intrusion, or trespass, into their persons, houses, papers, and effects. Most people are familiar with persons, houses and papers, but the term “effects” is unfamiliar to many. The United States Supreme Court recently explained that personal property, such as one’s vehicle, constitutes an effect under the Fourth Amendment. The government of the United States has not always lived up to its obligations under the Fourth Amendment. For example, the internment of Americans citizens of Japanese ancestry during World War II under President Roosevelt’s Executive Order 9066 stands as an example of the government and courts failing to protect citizens’ constitutional rights.
The National Security Administration (NSA) has received criticism for collecting call detail records, or metadata, about phone calls made by American citizens in an attempt to target and eradicate terrorism, both at home and abroad. Thus far, courts have not explicitly examined whether citizens’ metadata is an effect within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment. This article examines whether the metadata collected and stored by the NSA is an effect within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment. The authors conclude that it is, and that bulk collection of metadata conducted either without consent, exigent circumstances, and probable cause, or without a warrant, is a trespass that implicates the Fourth Amendment
Only [_] Can Judge: Analyzing Which Courts Have Jurisdiction Over ISIS
Get PDFWhile many world leaders are developing plans to defeat ISIS, some thought should be given to what structures will be in place to manage the aftermath. Defeating ISIS will likely require international cooperation and there will be a need for a judicial structure to try ISIS war criminals that is acceptable to the international community. In preparing for future judicial structures, leaders should consider cost, efficiency, legitimacy, and scope of the desired judicial structure. Past and present international courts provide important case studies for which type of court system would best try ISIS war criminals. Some courts, like the ICC have secure international support but very limited practical application. On the other hand, national courts and military tribunals can operate efficiently but require physical control to establish legitimacy and are subject to domestic political control. This Comment argues the best option would be an ad hoc international court that operates with strong international support but allows for efficient and neutral prosecution of crimes
Fifty Years of Open Source Movement: An Analysis Through the Prism of Copyright Law
Get PDFThe open source software development model, which concerns the manner in which software technology is held, developed, and distributed, is an important phase in the evolution of the software industry. Open source software has powered the infrastructure of the Internet, and programs like Linux, Apache, and BIND, which use open source software, are often used as tools to run various Internet and business applications. Under the open source model, users are given access to software’s source code, and all components of the software are made available to the market by use of a very liberal license with few restrictions. This article argues the open source model has had a positive impact upon the public domain by giving society innovative and value added software projects. In addition, the open source software movement has inspired similar movements, like Creative Commons licenses dealing with content including music, books and other literary works, and other creative materials covered by copyright. The article explains the open source business model, in which individuals, companies, and organizations working on their own time and with their own money develop code, and distributors earn income by charging fees for service or selling hardware. The article also explains the effect of prominent litigation involving open source software, both in the United States and abroad. The article concludes that the open source licensing movement has given voice and space to those who dreamt of a world of innovation and creativity completely disconnected from the analysis of balance sheets and financial statements