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Deep learning based detection of cells in 3D light sheet fluorescence microscopy
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UV-triggered photoinsertion of contrast agent onto polymer surfaces for in vivo MRI-visible medical devices
Full text linkPolymeric materials are largely employed for the manufacturing of implants for various reasons, but they are typically invisible by conventional imaging methods. To improve surgical procedure and postoperative implant follow-up though, biomaterials are needed which allow an accurate and efficient imaging. Here, we present a direct and versatile strategy that allows to covalently immobilize T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents at the surface of various clinically relevant polymeric biomaterials. An aryl-azide bearing complex of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) and gadolinium (Gd) has been synthesized for easy photografting onto polymer surfaces. Polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactide (PLA), polyurethane (PU), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polypropylene (PP) have been selected as clinically relevant substrates and successfully functionalized with the photosensitive MRI probe DOTA/Gd. Following in vitro assessment of their biocompatibility and MRI visibility, commercial MRI-visible PP hernia repair meshes (MRI-meshes) have been prepared. MRI-meshes have been implanted in rats for in vivo evaluation of their imaging capacities over 1 month. Histological evaluation and Gd biodistribution studies have been carried out confirming the potential of this straightforward approach to simply yield imageable medical devices
Choice of studies at university, personality and socio-economic status. Comparison between French students in a public social sciences and humanities faculty and Brazilian law students in a private faculty
Full text linkSeveral studies have examined the links between personality and choice of studies, particularly from a longitudinal point of view. This original research proposes to study these aspects a posteriori. The Rotter questionnaire (1966) was completed by two groups of students in psychology (N=65) and law (N= 91). The other particularity of the samples concerns the location and the differences in socio-economic backgrounds: privileged for law students in Brazil, modest for students in psychology in France. Most of the hypotheses put forward, particularly those related to the citizenship and political aspects, are verified on the basis of the binomial test
Long-term outcome and management of right colonic diverticulitis in western countries: Multicentric Retrospective Study
Full text linkAIM OF THE STUDY: Right colonic Diverticulitis (RD) is rare in Europe; few studies have focused on it and its management is not standardised. The aim of this study was to analyse the clinical presentation (complicated, uncomplicated), acute phase management and long-term outcome of RD in western countries.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 2003 to 2017, 93 consecutive patients who presented with RD were retrospectively included at 11 French Hospital Centres.
RESULTS: The study population consisted of two groups: Uncomplicated Right Diverticulitis (URD) group (63.5%, (n=59)) and Complicated Right Diverticulitis (CRD) group (36.5%, [n=34]). 84.7% (n=50/59) of URD were treated conservatively. 41.2% (n=14/34) of patients with CRD had emergency surgery (mostly laparotomy) for Hinchey III peritonitis, clinical intolerance or hemodynamic instability. Altogether 5.2% (n=2/34) patients with CRD had surgery after a cooling off period (initially abscess). The overall rate of severe postoperative complications was low (8%). Recurrence rate was low and comparable in both groups: 6.8% (n=4/59) for URD and 8.8% (n=3/34) for CRD, all recurrences occurred in the same locations with an uncomplicated form, 42.9% (n=3/7) of them had elective laparoscopic surgery and the rest were conservatively treated. Median follow up was 33.2 months.
CONCLUSION: Conservative treatment can be proposed safely and efficiently for URD and for selected patients with CRD. Surgery should be reserved for unstable patients or patients with severe forms of complicated diverticulitis in emergency
Morsures par vipères européennes en France métropolitaine en 2017 : utilisation de deux antivenins
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L'eau et ses représentations dans les paysages de zones humides littorales : entre visibilité et invisibilité
No full textThis article takes as a point of departure the observation that there has been a radical change in the understanding and appreciation of coastal wetlands under the combined effects of changes in the way they are perceived, new scientific knowledge, and policies aimed at the protection and promotion of tourism and heritage sites. It questions the importance of and relationship to water and its interfaces in terms of the way the landscape is perceived by the inhabitants and administrators of four territories recognized for the importance of their wetlands. Based on a corpus of quantitative (800 questionnaires) and qualitative data (40 interviews) from surveys covering the governance and sustainable development of coastal heritage sites, this analysis presents contrasting results. Differences in the relationship to water and to the environment and its management reveal the diversity of representations of water landscapes the structuring elements of which (ecological, physical, socio-economic and sensitive) raise questions about the problems of the integrated planning and management of coastal zones
Getting patient blood management Pillar 1 right in the Asia-Pacific: a call for action
Full text linkPreoperative anaemia is common in the Asia-Pacific. Iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a risk factor that can be addressed under patient blood management (PBM) Pillar 1, leading to reduced morbidity and mortality. We examined PBM implementation under four different healthcare systems, identified challenges and proposed several measures. (a) Test for anaemia once patients are scheduled for surgery. (b) Inform patients about risks of preoperative anaemia and benefits of treatment. (c) Treat IDA and replenish iron stores before surgery, using intravenous iron when oral treatment is ineffective, not tolerated or rapid iron replenishment is needed; transfusion should not be the default management. (d) Harness support from multiple medical disciplines and relevant bodies to promote PBM implementation. (e) Demonstrate better outcomes and cost savings from reduced mortality and morbidity. Although PBM implementation may seem complex and daunting, it is feasible to start small. Implementing PBM Pillar 1, particularly in preoperative patients, is a sensible first step regardless of the healthcare setting