Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
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Development of subunit vaccine based on Toxoplasma gondii-derived effector molecules TgGRA7, TgGRA14, and TgGRA15 to control T. gondii infection
Get PDF帯広畜産大学博士（獣医学）Doctor of Veterinary Medicine2024application/pdf博士学位論文大学院畜産学研究科 獣医学専攻Doctoral Program of Veterinary Sciencedoctoral thesi
Impact of cryopreserved bull semen extender on uterine innate immune system in vitro
Get PDF帯広畜産大学博士（農学）Doctor of Agriculture2024application/pdf博士学位論文大学院畜産学研究科 畜産科学専攻Doctoral Program of Animal Science and Agriculturedoctoral thesi
北海道のホルスタイン集団における乳中β-ヒドロキシ酪酸および由来別脂肪酸組成，生産 ，繁殖 ，健康ならびに長命性形質の表型および遺伝的分析
Get PDFホルスタイン種牛の代謝に関する指標形質として乳中β-ヒドロキシ酪酸および由来別脂肪酸組成に着目し，泌乳初期の指標形質と生産(305日乳量,乳脂量およびタンパク質量），繁殖（初回授精日数，空胎日数，初回授精受胎率） ，健康（乳期内の最大体細胞数）および長命性（生存能力，在群性）形質間の表型および遺伝的関連を調査した．生産形質等を従属変数，指標形質クラスを説明変数とする最小二乗分析から，指標形質の改善に伴い生産形質は減退しそれ以外の形質は向上する傾向にあった．多形質モデルによる遺伝分析から，指標形質の遺伝率は概ね0.2から0.3の範囲と推定された.推定された遺伝相関から，指標形質に対する選抜は生産形質に好ましくない相関反応，繁殖および健康形質に好ましい相関反応をもたらすと示唆された．指標形質による選抜は可能であるが，実用上は生産形質との拮抗関係も考慮する必要がある．We focused on milk β-hydroxybutyrate and fatty acid origin groups as metabolic indicator traits in Holsteins in Hokkaido, Japan, and we investigated the phenotypic and genetic relationships among the indicator traits and production (305-d milk, fat and protein yield), reproductive (days from calving to first service, days open and conception rate for first service), udder health (maximum somatic cell score within 305-d) and longevity (cow livability and stayability) traits. A least-squares analysis that included the indicator traits as explanatory variables revealed that production traits tended to decline with improvement in the indicator traits, whereas the other traits tended to improve. Heritability estimates for the indicator traits in a multiple-trait animal model were mostly between 0.2 and 0.3. The estimated genetic correlations suggest that genetic selection for the indicator traits causes favorable correlated responses of reproductive and udder health traits but unfavorable responses of production traits. Genetic selection for indicator traits may be possible but, in practice, antagonistic relationships between the indicator traits and production traits should be taken into account.journal articl
Molecular epidemiological survey of Babesia species infecting cattle in Paraguay
Get PDFParaguay, an agricultural country in South America, has a high prevalence of tick infestations in its cattle population due to warm temperatures, high humidity, and extensive grazing management practices. Consequently, Babesia infections, which are transmitted by ticks, might have a wide distribution in Paraguay, but the current status of these infections remains uncertain. Therefore, we aimed to assess the infection status of three clinically significant Babesia species, including Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, and Babesia naoakii, among cattle populations in Paraguay. Blood samples were collected from a total of 326 cattle across nine departments in Paraguay, and their DNAs were screened with species-specific PCR assays. Of the surveyed cattle, single infections of B. bovis and B. bigemina were detected in 24 (7.4 %) and 127 (39.0 %), respectively, while co-infection with both the parasite species was detected in 38 (11.7 %). In contrast, all of the surveyed cattle were negative for B. naoakii infection. The prevalence of B. bigemina-single infection was higher in the Eastern region (49.0 %) compared to the Western region (34.6 %), in cattle under extensive management (51.3 %) compared to those under semi-intensive management (34.6 %), and in Bos indicus cattle (50.3 %) compared to Bos taurus (15.8 %). Our findings demonstrated a wide distribution of B. bovis and B. bigemina infections among cattle in Paraguay, underscoring the importance of implementing effective control measures to reduce the potential economic losses associated with bovine babesiosis. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.journal articl
Arginine Vasopressin Exerts Opposing Effects on Milk Ejection via Oxytocin and Vasopressin V1a Receptors in Mice
No full textMilk ejection is the final process in maternal milk transfer from mothers to offspring and is regulated by oxytocin (OT) released from the neurohypophysis in response to the milk ejection reflex. Arginine vasopressin (AVP), another neurohypophyseal hormone well known for its antidiuretic and vasoconstrictive effects, shares structural similarity with OT, and intravenous AVP injection can also induce milk ejection. Nonetheless, AVP has also been reported to inhibit OT-induced milk ejection in rabbits. In this study, we examined the roles of OT and AVP receptors in these opposing effects of AVP on milk ejection using an in vivo assay model in mice. AVP induced milk ejection, and this effect was inhibited by an OT receptor antagonist. Intravenous pretreatment with AVP suppressed the following transient milk ejection induced by intravenous OT injection. Furthermore, AVP treatment interrupted the continuous milk ejection induced by intraperitoneal OT. These inhibitory effects of AVP were ameliorated by pretreatment with a selective Avpr1a antagonist. We further examined the role of AVP receptors using Avpr1a and Avpr1b knockout mice. The AVP-dependent inhibition of OT-induced milk ejection was abolished in Avpr1a knockout mice, but not in Avpr1b knockout mice. Our findings suggest that AVP induces milk ejection through the OT receptor while inhibiting OT-induced milk ejection via Avpr1a. This duality might reflect a physiological mechanism for restricting milk transfer under severe stress or hyperosmotic conditions and could provide insights into breastfeeding difficulties in humans, including the perception of insufficient milk and infant failure to thrive. This record is sourced from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicin
森の動物と共に生きるために : 北海道苫小牧市における産・学・官の取り組み
Get PDFapplication/pdf北海道苫小牧市では森の動物と人が軋轢無く、共に生きるために、他では見られないユニークでオリジナルな、いろいろな工夫が産・学・官の協力によって行われています。このリーフレットでは図や写真を使って、それらの取り組みをなるべくわかりやすく紹介していきたいと思います。othe
人材育成、在来微生物発掘など進め日常生活の中での消費拡大へ : 「ミルク＆チーズコンソーシアム」のビジョン
Get PDFapplication/pdf視点2025 チーズ国内生産をどう伸ばすかjournal articl