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Establishment of bylaws to clamp down prostitution in Japan : The historical context of the period 1946-1957
No full text日本では、1946年1月21日に総司令部覚書「日本に於ける公娼制度廃止に関する件」が発せられ、1946年11月26日には、厚生省社会局長通知の「婦人保護要綱」が発出された。しかし、のちに「売春防止法」が成立したのは1956年5 月21日のことだったので、この立法過程は概ね11年間にも及んだことになる。そこで、国政の難航を横目に各自治体は国とは別に対処を講じたものと考え、「売いん」等に係る条例の制定はどのような動向であったかを明らかにする。とりわけ、1946年から1957年までの期間に着目し整理を図ることとした。「売いん」等に係る条例は一定の時期に集中しており、戦後の悲哀を背負った条例制定論争が各地で広がった。女性の救済は社会的課題とされ、国法による生活保障が不可欠となり、その法整備の一環として各地的な条例の制定という議論の機運も全国に生まれた。これらの側面が合わさって、日本の一つの時代が形作られた。The Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers Directive （SCAPIN） was issued on January 21, 1946, in Japan. Subsequently, the head of the Social Bureau of the Ministry of Health and Welfare issued the memo Fujin hogo yōkō （Guidelines for the Protection of Women） on November 26, 1946. However, the Anti-Prostitution Law was not passed until May 21, 1956, and thus the legislative process leading up to its establishment took almost 11years to complete. It seems that each municipality responded in its own separate way to the law, in view of difficulties applying such a policy on a national scale at the time. Against this background, the present paper seeks to clarify the tendencies in the enactment of prostitution-related regulations, focusing on the period between 1946 and 1957. The regulations were concentrated in this specific period, during which discussions on the legal clampdown on prostitution spread throughout a Japan burdened with the grief of the war. In this way, women’s relief finally became a social issue, and the provision of social assistance through national law became indispensable. Considering that the momentum of systematic debates on the clampdown on prostitution was operating nationwide as part of a larger body of social legislation, it has been believed that such a momentum led to shaping this period of Japanese history. Therefore, this paper is intended as a report on the establishment of bylaws to clamp down prostitution in Japan, from the perspective of the historical context of the period 1946-1957
消費者の選択行動からみた「感性価値」の可視化 Visualization of Emotional (KANSEI) Image in Consumer Behavior for Selecting goods.
No full textIn this paper, we analyze the decision factors in selecting behavior of consumers. The decision factors in selecting behavior of consumers depend on the value of targeted items and services for them. Recently, Emotional (KANSEI) value is receiving a lot of attention. Consumers will increase satisfaction (utility) by purchasing or using specific products / services. This “specific” part becomes an element constituting “value” felt by consumers. It is the relationship between needs and wants caused by the feeling of lack of shoppers felt by consumers. Unlike “use value” and “asset value” having concrete contents and elements, what is composed of sensory contents / elements is “emotional value”. In this paper, we address “emotional values” as elements constituting purchasing (consumption) behavior of consumers.社会経済の成熟化、国際競争の激化の中、従来からの高機能・高品質を維持し つつも、磨き抜かれた「完成」を重要に生かした製品開発を進め、消費者の感性 に訴え、他の製品との差別化を図ることが必要となろう。しかしながら、「感性 価値」は、十分に製品開発の現場では生かされているとは言い難い。それは、「感 性価値」が極めて可視化し難いものであることに起因している。そこで、「感性 価値」を可視化する試みは、製品開発において「感性価値」を具現化する上で、 極めて有用な示唆を与えるものと考えられる
Study on Method of Introductory Lecture of European Architectural History for College Students of Engineering Course
No full textEffectiveness of original lecture method to introduce European architectural history for students at the stage of basic study of architecture was considered. In our lectures, dynamic change of European churches’ shape from ancient times to modern times, and relationship between design disciplines of modern European countries, were focused on, and year number of Christian era were not used. Based on the questionnaire to students conducted after the lecture, it was clarified that weak consciousness of European architectural history they had was wiped out, and their desires of next learning stage of architectural history were also evoked. As another method, we tried a lesson that was easy to grasp the flow of Architectural works and styles, using sheets with parallel European and Japanese age
Practice of architectural design education using ICT educational equipmen
No full textThe purpose of this practice is to conduct effective and spilling design education by collaborating sketches, drawings, 3D models created by students on using ICT educational equipment such as iPad Pro, and. 4 points obtained in the class of the architectural design drawing through this practice are follows. (1) By writing onto the students’ drawing on the iPad Pro screen, the understanding of all students on the design proposal deepened. (2) By photographing drawings and models created by students with iPad Pro and projecting them, all students' understanding deepened. (3) Although the lesson time has halved, students' understanding has deepened through the above practice. (4) When writing to a student-created CAD drawing, PDF conversion of CAD data and data transfer became necessary, and the students' digital device literacy was improved. A methodology was established through this practice. We will continue to practice with this methodology