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Development of Modular High-Resolution Ion Mobility Orbitrap Platforms for Native Mass Spectrometry
Get PDFNative ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) has evolved into a multifunctional tool for the characterization and analysis of native intact protein complexes. Structural information can be inferred by the rotationally-averaged collision cross-section (CCS) measurements. Native IM-MS is complementary to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, X-Ray crystallography (XRD), cryogenic-electron microscopy (CryoEM), as well as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Commercial IM-MS platforms excel with proteomic workflows but are limited in resolution, sensitivity, and mass range for large biomolecules. Structural biology problems require developing and applying new instruments that excel in the sensitivity, resolution, and resolving power of large biological systems (MW > 100 kDa), e.g., proteins, protein complexes, antibodies, chaperonins, and virus capsids. The work described vide infra focuses on developing and implementing novel home-built instrumentation for native IM-MS to expand the capabilities of the biophysical toolbox in structural biology
Belowground Insect Herbivory Induces Systemic Volatile Emissions That Strengthen Neighboring Plant Resistance Aboveground
Get PDFPlants transmit ecologically relevant messages to neighboring plants through chemical cues. For instance, insect herbivory triggers the production of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), which can enhance neighboring plant defenses. HIPVs are emitted from directly damaged plant tissues and from systemic, non-damaged tissues. Although volatile-mediated interplant interactions have been observed both above- and belowground, it remains unknown whether belowground herbivory induces systemic HIPVs aboveground that influence neighboring plants. To explore how belowground herbivory affects interplant interactions aboveground, we characterized systemic HIPVs from squash induced by belowground striped cucumber beetle (Acalymma vittatum) larval herbivory. We exposed squash ���receiver plants��� to systemic HIPVs or volatiles from non-damaged plants. We then measured herbivore resistance by challenging ���receiver plants��� with aboveground-feeding herbivores: adult beetles (A. vittatum) or squash bugs (Anasa tristis). We discovered belowground-damaged plants emitted more (E)-��-ocimene, a key volatile from the systemic HIPV blend, than non-damaged controls, and that exposure to systemic HIPVs enhanced neighboring plant resistance to aboveground squash bugs, but not adult beetles. Further investigations into the mechanism of interplant interaction revealed ��-ocimene alone can elicit plant resistance against squash bugs. Overall, our findings reveal a novel form of volatile-mediated interactions between plants spanning across aboveground-belowground plant systems
40th reunion of Battle of Peleliu, Palau islands. February 1984
No full text40 slide Power Point presentation, Created 2004
Crash Compatibility of Automated Vehicles with Passenger Vehicles
No full textAutomated Vehicles have been one of the most sought-after concepts to make transportation more effective and safer. One such class of vehicles is the no-occupant vehicles with automated driving systems (ADS), which are primarily intended for goods transportation services. This vehicle class presents a body structure different than that of a passenger vehicle. Yet, these no-occupant automated vehicles are sharing the roads and could potentially be involved in crashes with passenger vehicles. Occupant safety can be compromised if vehicles are not compatible from a crashworthiness perspective. ADSs vehicles should consider appropriate vehicle crashworthiness compatibility given the potential for interactions with vulnerable road users and other vehicle types. Investigation of the level of automated vehicle crashworthiness compatibility with human-driven vehicles can lead to more appropriate vehicle designs, as well as more suitable and better passive protection systems for occupants in such crash scenarios. This research project considers finite element crash computer simulation investigation between ADS and passenger vehicles with the intent to provide a better understanding of the differences in crashworthy behavior of ADS vehicles
Formal | Informal
No full textValley Youth Theater is currently exceeding their capacity and outsourcing third party space for offices and performances. The existing theater shares a site with the ���The Space Between��� park, and features a stunning mural as an effort to revitalize empty lots in downtown Phoenix, Arizona. The mural gives way to the main processional axis of the VYT expansion, with two stair-stepped masses on either side of a central atrium. The stepping of each mass respects the height of the existing VYT building, and creates formal and informal spaces for students to perform as visitors circulate throughout the building, resembling the process of cast members moving about a stage. This expansion brings all Valley Youth activities under one roof and allows its students to express themselves through all areas of the performing arts
