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西洋哲學史(二十): 新黑格爾學派
No full text[[abstract]]黑格蘭(G.W.F.Hegel,1770~1831)是把唯心論推展至撞擊的絕對觀念論者。在他死〔一九三一年)後，西洋哲學回走進了分裂與對立的局面
讀〈伍子胥列傳〉
Get PDF[[abstract]]除了一條材料，《史記•伍子胥列傳》中所有的記載都已分別見諸《史記》其他部分。既未補充新的資訊，而司馬遷竟不嫌浪費筆墨，仍舊為之立傳，這現象大堪玩味，本文即從此蹊蹺點入手。進而觀察：不論傳記主人翁伍子胥本身一生主要經歷，連相關連的諸侯國、大國附庸、無名的小民，甚至傳主的政敵、傳主稱引的古代案例都涉及復仇，顯見：復仇乃司馬遷立此傳欲突
出的主題。因此，首先嘗試理解：司馬遷對復仇的看法；其次，探索司馬遷對以復仇代表的人性負面成分在人類歷史發展中扮演的角色，並以歐洲十七世紀興起的理性建構主義與之對照，以見其洞見；第三，探索記述過程中看似無關的一句「孔子相魯」可能的涵義；最後，說明司馬遷藉由那唯一新增的一條材料，所希望傳達的訊息
西晉佐命功臣銘饗表微
Get PDF[[abstract]]司馬氏歷經懿、師、昭三世經營，方移魏鼎。在這段創業期間，為之效命者匪尟，然晉武帝咸寧元年欽定配饗佐命功臣名單時，僅取鄭沖等十二人，許多照說宜被此嘉命者俱未預焉，而某些似乏勳績者卻獲茲殊榮。竊以為去取之間頗多隱曲，實可反映正始以降人事變遷之劇烈、恩怨利害之糾結，兼得一覘魏、晉之際宦海仕風，爰加考索
自我、文本與傳統：陸九淵與南宋道學的發展
No full text[[abstract]]學者對於陸九淵的研究多偏重在其「心即理」的學說、其所衍伸出來的各種道德修養問題、或其與朱熹思想的差異點。本文特從思想史的角度，提出陸九淵對儒家傳統文獻的反省及意見，並由此對照出其對儒家傳統的觀點，其實和程頤、朱熹都有相近的地方。亦即就文本與自我的關係、儒家傳統的意義而言，陸九淵的意見、立場，實和程、朱相類；這些相類的態度，可說是涵蘊在後世使用「理學」一詞中的時代精神。相較於朱熹，朱熹對程頤所承繼的方向，在於不斷地調和道德修養理論和儒家傳統文獻的關係；而陸九淵則往程頤思想的另一方向發展，此一方向即認為道德修養不必和文本有絕對正面的關係。而這種對文本的態度，多少成為解釋朱、陸學術在後世發展的不同情形。文中，首先簡述陸九淵家族的學術背景，以顯示陸家做為一地方性的士人家庭，其為學取向與程學的關係。接著，本文以「《六經》註我，我註《六經》」，說明陸九淵對於文本、自我、與儒家傳統的看法。然後，本文以「論學書」、「語錄」為實例，更進一步討論前文所論證的陸九淵對於儒家傳統文獻的看法，並與之與程、朱做一比較。最後，則從歷史處境，申論陸九淵對文本的態度可能如何影響到陸學在後世的傳播
Integrated SU-8 Prisms and Microgratings for Polarization-Selective Fiber-to-Silicon Waveguide Coupling
No full text[[abstract]]A polarization-selective fiber-to-silicon waveguide coupler made by an SU-8 prism as well as a micrograting is demonstrated. The size of the SU-8 prism well matches the core dimension of a single-mode fiber to increase the coupling efficiency, and the micrograting provides the selectivity of polarization mode coupling. Only the TE wave is able to be coupled to the silicon waveguide. The measured coupling loss of the SU-8 prism and the micrograting is 4.5 dB. The polarization extinction ratio is 20 dB. The fiber misalignment tolerances are 2 and 3 mu m for the x- (lateral) and y- (vertical) directions, respectively, according to a transmission window of 3-dB drop.[[fileno]]2030180010024[[department]]電機工程學
Investigation of the cerebral hemodynamic response function in single blood vessels by functional photoacoustic microscopy
Get PDF[[abstract]]The specificity of the hemodynamic response function (HRF) is determined spatially by the vascular architecture and temporally by the evolution of hemodynamic changes. Here, we used functional photoacoustic microscopy (fPAM) to investigate single cerebral blood vessels of rats after left forepaw stimulation. In this system, we analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of the HRFs of the total hemoglobin concentration (HbT), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SO2). Changes in specific cerebral vessels corresponding to various electrical stimulation intensities and durations were bilaterally imaged with 36 x 65-mu m(2) spatial resolution. Stimulation intensities of 1, 2, 6, and 10 mA were applied for periods of 5 or 15 s. Our results show that the relative functional changes in HbT, CBV, and SO2 are highly dependent not only on the intensity of the stimulation, but also on its duration. Additionally, the duration of the stimulation has a strong influence on the spatiotemporal characteristics of the HRF as shorter stimuli elicit responses only in the local vasculature (smaller arterioles), whereas longer stimuli lead to greater vascular supply and drainage. This study suggests that the current fPAM system is reliable for studying relative cerebral hemodynamic changes, as well as for offering new insights into the dynamics of functional cerebral hemodynamic changes in small animals.[[fileno]]2030143010033[[department]]電機工程學
Deep-penetration photoacoustic array imaging of calcifications
Get PDF[[abstract]]Calcifications are one of the most important indicators for early breast cancer detection. We explore the feasibility of deep-penetration photoacoustic (PA) imaging of calcifications based on a medical ultrasound array imaging platform. Intralipid and chicken breast phantoms embedded with different-sized hydroxyapatite (HA) particles, which are the major components of calcifications, were imaged to verify the equipment’s capability and penetration depth for the visualization of calcifications. An optimal near-infrared excitation wavelength was selected to maximize PA signals of HAs, resulting in a better HA signal-to-blood ratio. We demonstrated that PA imaging is capable of visualizing 0.5-mm HA particles at a depth of 3 cm in chicken breast phantoms. The noise-equivalent penetration depth of the system for visualizing 0.5-mm HA particles in the human breast was estimated to be about 2.9 to 3.5 cm, which is clinically relevant as calcifications are usually found at a depth of 0.6 to 3.0 cm. Moreover, the feasibility of differentiating HA from blood by the PA spectroscopic technique was presented and the mechanism of the HA signal generation was discussed. The results show that PA imaging is a promising technique for real-time visualization of breast calcifications.[[fileno]]2030143010039[[department]]電機工程學
利用快速熱熔磊晶法及表面鈍化製作金屬－鍺－金屬光偵測器
No full text[[abstract]]幾十年來，矽半導體產業擴展迅速，由於先進的CMOS製程技術、矽材料性能穩定以及材料成本相對較低，因此矽基光電子學在近期得到相當多的關注。關鍵應用之一是高速光偵測器於光通訊或光連接產業。然而，光通訊所使用的紅外線波長對於矽而言是透明的，應結合其他材料並整合在矽光電元件來偵測紅外光信號。鍺是一種長波長吸收的理想材料。同時，鍺元件的製作過程與CMOS製程相容，表示它具有量產的能力。鍺基光偵測器製作於於矽基板上已經被許多研究團隊所研究。最關鍵的問題是如何克服矽與鍺在磊晶過程當中晶格不匹配的問題。在這篇論文中，我們提出低熱預算的快速熱熔磊晶方法（rapid melting growth）來成長高品質的金屬－單晶鍺－金屬光偵測器於矽基板上，同時藉由適當的金屬接觸及鍺的表面鈍化使得元件的暗電流顯著減少三個數量級。[[fileno]]2030192010001[[department]]電機工程學
Influence of Passivation Layers on Characteristics of a-InGaZnO Thin-Film Transistors
No full text[[abstract]]We investigated the influence of passivation-layer deposition on the characteristics of a-InGaZnO thin-film transistors (TFTs). The threshold voltage (V(T)) of the TFTs shifted markedly as a result of the mechanical stress induced by the passivation layers above. By adjusting the deposition parameters during the passivation process, the performance of the TFTs can be modulated. The a-InGaZnO TFTs after dual passivation exhibited good performance with a field-effect mobility of 11.35 cm(2)/V.s, a threshold voltage of 2.86 V, and an on-off ratio of 10(8).[[fileno]]2030131010041[[department]]電機工程學