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Effectiveness of a Mobile Health Application for Educating Outpatients about Bowel Preparation
No full text[[abstract]]Colonoscopy is an essential method for diagnosing and treating colorectal cancer, relying on effective bowel preparation to thoroughly examine the large intestinal mucosa. Traditional education involves printed instructions and verbal explanations but does not guarantee clear patient understanding. Poor bowel preparation can obscure mucosal visibility, delaying cancer diagnosis and treatment. A mobile medical model using Android devices for bowel preparation education was tested in a single-blind, randomized trial. This trial enrolled outpatients undergoing colonoscopy at the Endoscopy Center for Diagnostic and Treatment between 27 October 2021 and 31 December 2022. This study introduced the ColonClean app alongside traditional methods. After examination, endoscopists rated the preparation quality using the Aronchick scale. A data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0 to determine if there was a significant improvement in bowel preparation quality between the control group (traditional method) and the experimental group (traditional method plus the ColonClean app). Forty patients were recruited in each group. In the experimental group, all ratings were "fair", with 75% receiving an "excellent" or "good" rating, showing statistical significance (p = 0.016). The ColonClean app improves bowel preparation quality more effectively than traditional care instructions
[[alternative]]A Phenomenological Study of Counseling Interns’ Suffering Experiences in the Individual Counseling Process
No full text[[abstract]] 兼職實習心理師為心理師養成中前期階段，同時兼具學生與實習心理師之多元角色，並開始從事諮商直接服務工作。本研究以兼職實習心理師為研究主體，並以兼職實習期間與個案工作之諮商歷程作為入口，探索主體受苦經驗與現象。 研究者採用現象學研究法，訪談五位不同場域實習的兼職實習心理師，其受苦經驗源自於兼職實習心理師，在努力成為心理師的歷程初期，已描繪個人理想與自我實現的藍圖，並形成內在「理想」心理師的自我要求；在進入成為心理師的中期，納入外在「好」心理師的客觀現實。然而，兼職實習心理師之受苦獨特性，展現於「第一次」與個案相遇，原先對於學習後的自我期待，在接案後美好幻想的破滅，此外也包含對於現實的生存經濟焦慮。 最後，本研究嘗試於討論中，以互為主體理論為基底，論述助人者亦為受助者，在諮商關係中，兩者會在某個瞬間合一無分別。[[abstract]] A counseling intern is in the early to mid-stages of becoming a professional counselor, embodying the dual roles of student and intern while beginning to provide direct counseling services. This study focuses on counseling intern, exploring their experiences and phenomena of suffering during their internship and counseling processes with clients. The researcher employed a phenomenological research method, interviewing five counseling interns from different practice settings. The suffering experiences of these counseling interns stemmed from their efforts in the early stages of becoming counselors, during which they had already outlined their personal ideals and blueprints for self-actualization, forming an internal "ideal" counselor's self-expectation. In the mid-stages of becoming counselors, they incorporated the external objective reality of being a "good" counselor. However, the unique suffering of counseling interns is manifested in their "first" encounters with clients. The initial self-expectations formed after their studies were shattered upon taking on cases, leading to the disillusionment of their idealized fantasies. Additionally, this suffering includes economic survival anxiety in the face of reality. Finally, this study attempts to discuss, based on the theory of intersubjectivity, that helpers are also those who receive help. In the counseling relationship, the two can become unified and indistinguishable at certain moments
[[alternative]]Reunion After Time Apart：A Motherless Mother Weaves Female Life Stories Together to Reveal Hidden Selves Through Feminine Narratives
No full text[[abstract]]此篇自我敘說緣起於我在青少年期經歷母親罹癌、並在六年的抗癌歷程後逝世，我與家人們經過一段失落哀傷與家庭隨之變動的震盪時期，漸漸的調適與投入新的生命階段。沒有意料到，在我成家、成為母親後，那喪母的失落又再來拜訪，並帶著更強的哀傷感受漫進我的生活裡。我嘗試透過書寫與細探自己裡頭這份意義深重又多重的情感，梳理過去喪母與現在為母經驗之間的疊影；並釐清與整合在關係中失落的自我，期待建構符合自我本質與認同的行動與生活方式。敘說過程中，陰性書寫是我個人意識與無意識的合作、認知與情感的共織、隱喻與夢境的照亮與發言；而生命史書寫則猶如承裝的容器與組織的架構，使所搜集和梳捻的綿綿絮語得以整合在一片編織之中。在敘說的尾聲，我與久別的母親在她的生命故事中相遇、完成名為哀悼的編織；也在個人生命歷程中把自我從支離破碎的存有織成一片明白；並與原生家庭的家人在各自成家後，因著敘說而重繫情感的連結。帶著這份完成，步向未來的旅程。[[abstract]]This self-narration originated from my mother's cancer in my adolescence and her death after a six-year battle. My family and I went through a period of loss, grief, and family changes, and gradually adjusted and moved on to new life stages. Unexpectedly, after I got married and became a mother, the loss of my mother came to visit again, and filled my life with a stronger sense of sorrow.Through writing and exploring the profound and multiple emotions within myself, I have tried to sort out the overlap between the experience of losing my mother in the past and the experience of being a mother now, and to clarify and integrate the self that has been lost in relationships, hoping to construct actions and lifestyles that are consistent with my own nature.In the process of narration, feminine writing is the cooperation of my personal consciousness and unconsciousness, the weaving of cognition and emotion, the illumination and expression of metaphors and dreams; and the writing of life history is like a container and organizational structure, making the collected and the lingering whispers integrated into one piece of weaving.At the end of the narration, I met my long-lost mother in her life story and completed the weaving named “mourning”; I also weaved myself from a fragmented existence into a piece of clearness in the course of my life; and I reconnected emotionally with my family of origin through the narrative after we started our own families. With this completion, I embark on the journey to the future
[[alternative]]Exploring the Relationship between Funeral Rituals and Filial Piety from the Perspective of Grief Guidance
No full text[[abstract]]殯葬儀式的簡化是目前殯葬產業發展之趨勢，同時隨著社會變遷下，家庭不再是大家族，轉變成為小家庭或核心家庭，那麼儀式簡化之趨勢會不會對家屬的悲傷及孝道產生負面的影響，這是本論文所要探討之問題，即「探討殯葬儀式與孝道的關係-以悲傷輔導的角度」。 本論文研究採立意取樣，針對「殯葬儀式、孝道關係與悲傷輔導」設計結構式訪談大網，分別訪談關注殯葬儀式與孝道關係及家屬悲傷困擾的殯葬業者二名、在意孝道實踐與悲傷反應的家屬二名、有關殯葬儀式與孝道實踐及曾有過殯葬服務經驗的學者二名，合計六名受訪者，並進行資料結果之歸納分析。 本研究的研究結果：說明殯葬儀式形式化的來龍去脈，現今殯葬儀式簡化造成的問題、從傳統孝道來理解殯葬儀式簡化造成的影響、悲傷輔導的西方認知優勢之處和未來介入的方式、孝道實踐的真諦與圓滿化解悲傷輔導的問題、殯葬儀式實質化理解才能補足它存在的真正價值。[[abstract]]The simplification of funeral rites is the current trend of the development of the funeral industry, and with the social changes, the family is no longer a big family, but a small family or a nuclear family. So whether the trend of ritual simplification will have a negative impact on the grief and filial piety of family members, the major goal of this study is to explore " The Relationship between Funeral Rituals and Filial Piety From The Perspective of Grief Guidance ". In this study, a structured interview network was designed for "Funeral Rituals, Filial Piety Relationship and Grief Guidance ". Interviewees included two funeral practitioners who were concerned about the relationship between funeral rituals and filial piety and their families' grief troubles, two family members who were concerned about the practice of filial piety and grief reactions, and two scholars who were concerned about the practice of funeral rituals and filial piety and those who had experience in funeral services. There was a total of six interviewees, and the researcher analyzed the transcript.The results of this study explain the ins and outs of the formalization of funeral rites, the problems caused by the simplification of funeral rites today, the impact of the simplification of funeral rites from the perspective of traditional filial piety, the advantages of Western cognitive advantages of grief counseling and the way of intervention in the future, the true meaning of the practice of filial piety and the successful resolution of the problems of grief counseling, and the real value of the substantiation of funeral rituals. The study also makes recommendations on the basis for the Government's efforts to revise the funeral policy
[[alternative]]A Study on Drinking Motivation and Self-Control of Casual Drinkers in the Working Population
No full text[[abstract]]本研究探討飲酒動機與自我控制之間的關係。本研究使用問卷調查法，通過社群軟體進行匿名調查，共獲得 439份有效問卷，採用描述性統計、獨立樣本 t 檢定以及結構方程模型。結果顯示，女性 與男性在飲酒動機尚無 顯著差異但在不同年齡層的飲酒動機有差異， 24歲以下與 50歲以上在社交動機之間存在顯著差異、24歲以下與 45-49歲、 50歲以上在自信動機之間存在顯著差異、25-29歲與 50歲以上在增強動機之間存在顯著差異。 此外，具有較高自我控制能力的個體在選擇飲酒時更可能是出於享受社交和品酒的需求，而非應對壓力或提升自信。這一發現可以知道休閒飲酒者與過去研究的酗酒者擁有不同的飲酒動機。基於研究結果，建議酒類行銷可聚焦於社交和味道兩大方向。行銷活動可強調飲酒的社交功能，如在廣告中展示朋友聚會或家庭團聚的場景，強調飲酒作為社交催化劑的角色。還可強調酒類產品的味道和品質，吸引消費者對品味的追求。品酒活動、酒類講座和酒莊參觀等體驗式行銷活動，能提高消費者對產品的認識和興趣，並與餐廳和酒吧合作推出主題夜晚或搭配特定菜餚的品酒活動，以提升消費者的參與感和品牌忠誠度。總之，本研究為理解休閒飲酒者的行為提供了新的視角，並建議酒類行銷可通過強調社 交和味道來吸引消費者，從而促進健康的飲酒文化。[[abstract]]This study examines the relationship between drinking motives and self-control. Using a questionnaire survey method, an anonymous survey was conducted via social media, resulting in 439 valid responses. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, and structural equation modeling were utilized for analysis. The results indicated that, while there were no significant differences in drinking motives between males and females, significant differences were found across different age groups. Specifically, significant differences in social motives were observed between individuals under 24 years old and those aged 50 and above. Additionally, significant differences in confidence motives were found between those under 24 years old and those aged 45-49 and 50 and above, as well as in enhancement motives between those under 25-29 years old and those aged 50 and above. Moreover, individuals with higher self-control were more likely to drink for social enjoyment and taste rather than to cope with stress or boost confidence. This finding suggests that leisure drinkers have different drinking motives compared to heavy drinkers identified in previous studies.Based on these results, it is recommended that alcohol marketing should focus on social and taste aspects. Marketing activities could emphasize the social functions of drinking, such as by showcasing scenes of friends gathering or family reunions in advertisements, highlighting alcohol’s role as a social catalyst. Additionally, emphasizing the taste and quality of alcoholic products can attract consumers interested in flavor. Experiential marketing activities, such as wine tasting events, wine seminars, and vineyard tours, can enhance consumers' knowledge and interest in the products. Collaborations with restaurants and bars to host themed nights or wine pairing events can further increase consumer engagement and brand loyalty. In conclusion, this study provides a new perspective on understanding the behavior of leisure drinkers and suggests that alcohol marketing can attract consumers by focusing on social and taste aspects, thereby promoting a healthy drinking culture
[[alternative]]The effect of social support on depression among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic：A case study of Zhongshan senior residences in Taipei City.
No full text[[abstract]]中文摘要研究背景憂鬱是老年最常見的心理挑戰，而現今的高齡化社會使老年憂鬱成為日益重要議題。隨著年紀增長，身體功能逐漸衰退，容易面臨各種身心挑戰；社會支持被認為是緩解老年憂鬱的重要因素，老人社會支持程度不同，其憂鬱程度也會有所不同。因此，本研究以老人住宅長者為研究對象，探討老人住宅長者的社會支持對其憂鬱的影響。研究方法本研究採用橫斷性設計，對臺北市中山老人住宅住民進行問卷調查（112年3至5月），使用方便取樣法，回收103份有效問卷。使用描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定分析憂鬱情形，並透過皮爾森相關分析與多元迴歸分析，探討社會人口背景、日常生活功能、工具性日常生活功能、憂鬱程度與社會支持的關聯。研究結果本研究顯示老人住宅中的長者憂鬱程度不高，但其憂鬱程度與自覺健康、自覺經濟狀況及教育程度有顯著關聯。自覺健康差和經濟狀況差者憂鬱程度較高，教育程度為專科者憂鬱分數較低。社會支持對憂鬱有顯著影響，支持越多憂鬱程度越低。日常生活功能和工具性日常生活功能與憂鬱程度無顯著相關。結論老人住宅長者的社會支持對其憂鬱有顯著負向影響。本研究建議政府相關單位部門重新檢視老人住宅的定位與服務內容，不因疫情政策而再度「完全封閉」老人住宅，相反的應致力於提高老人住宅長者之社會支持尤其是工具性支持，以改善長者的憂鬱情形。關鍵字：老人住宅、長者、日常生活功能、憂鬱、社會支持[[abstract]]AbstractBackgroundDepression is the most common mental illness in the elderly. In today's aging society， depression in the elderly has gradually become an issue that has attracted much attention in recent years. As age increases， physical functions gradually decline， and various physical and mental diseases are prone to occur; social support is considered a protective factor against depression in the elderly. Different levels of social support in the elderly will lead to different levels of depression. Therefore， this study takes the elderly living in senior residences as the research subjects to explore the impact of social support on depression among the elderly living in senior residences.MethodThis study adopted a cross-sectional research design， taking the residents of Zhongshan Senior Residences in Taipei City as the research subjects， using convenience sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey from March to May 2012， and a total of 103 valid questionnaires were collected. This study uses descriptive statistical analysis and independent sample t-test to analyze the depression situation of the elderly in senior residences. It also uses Pearson product-difference correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis to explore the sociodemographic background， daily life functions， and instrumental daily life of the elderly. The correlation between function， depression level and social support， and the correlation between social support and depression among elderly residents in senior residences.ResultThe results of the study the level of depression among the elderly in elderly residences is not high， but their depression level is significantly related to their perceived health， perceived economic status and educational level. People with poor self-perceived health and poor economic status have higher depression scores， while those with a college education have lower depression scores. Social support has a significant impact on depression. The more support there is， the lower the degree of depression. Daily living functions and instrumental daily living functions were not significantly related to the degree of depression.ConclusionSocial support for the elderly living in senior residence has a significant negative impact on their depression. This study recommends that relevant government units and departments re-examine the positioning and service content of senior housing and not "completely close" senior residence again due to epidemic policies. On the contrary， they should strive to improve social support， especially instrumental support， for the elderly in senior housing， to Improve the depression of the elderly.Key Word:：Senior residences、Older adults、Activities of daily living、Depression 、Social suppor
[[alternative]]The Effectiveness of Health Education Intervention in Improving Ambient Air Pollution Health Literacy
No full text[[abstract]]背景全球空氣污染日益嚴重，根據世界衛生組織 (World Health Organization,WHO)指出，西太平洋地區平均每 14 秒就會有人因空氣污染而早逝。過去文獻指出臺灣民眾之室外空氣污染健康識能僅屬於中等程度。透過衛生教育介入或許能提升民眾之空氣污染健康識能，然而國內缺乏相關的研究來驗證衛生教育介入對於提升空氣污染健康識能之知識、態度與行為，且缺少探討此兩工具相關性及其應用於衛教介入之成效研究。目的綜觀上述空氣污染嚴重性與過去缺乏室外空氣污染健康識能衛教介入之相關研究等缺口，本研究詳細之研究目的如下：一、探討影響室外空氣污染健康識能之因子；二、探討衛教介入對於改善民眾室外空氣污染健康識能之成效；三、探討衛教介入對於改善民眾室外空氣污染知識、態度與行為之成效；四、探討室外空氣污染健康識能與知識、態度、行為工具間之相關性，以及此兩工具應用於衛教介入之成效。研究方法本研究屬於介入型研究設計。主要資料來源為衛生福利部國民健康署委託國立成功大學研究之「112 年提升民眾對空污之健康識能計畫」資料，透過簡報投影片方式舉辦約 30 分鐘之衛教介入講座，最終納入分析之樣本包含 192 名介入實驗組以及 50 名平行對照組。以多元線性迴歸探討影響室外空氣污染健康識能之因子，使用獨立樣本與相依樣本 t-test 探討衛教介入成效，以皮爾森相關分析與探討室外空氣污染健康識能與知識、態度與行為之關聯，並使用廣義估計式探討兩工具應用於衛教介入之成效。研究結果本研究結果發現，室外空氣污染與性別、教育程度、職業以及婚姻狀態有關。男性顯著高於女性 (p= 0.038)；大專院校以上以及高中(職)皆顯著高於國小/國中/不識字 (p< 0.001; p= 0.004)；學生/其他職業顯著低於退休/家管/待業 (p= 0.026)；已婚與分居/離婚/鰥寡(喪偶)皆顯著低於未婚 (p< 0.05)。隨著衛教措施的介入，室外空氣污染健康識能得分與 KAP (Knowledge-Attitude-Practice, KAP)得分皆有顯著增加 (p< 0.001)，介入實驗組之室外空氣污染健康識能總構面從原先的 2.84 分提升至 3.22 分 (平均得分範圍 1 至 4 分)，而知識題從 0.59 分提升至0.84 分 (平均得分範圍 0 至 1 分)，態度題從 4.13 分提升至 4.30 分 (平均得分範圍 1 至 5 分)，行為題從 3.45 分提升至 3.86 分 (滿分 5 分)。在兩工具的相關性方面，兩工具之間有低度的相關性 (r= 0.16-0.24)，而成效的變化可能會因教育程度、婚姻狀態、面對室外空氣污染態度與面對室外空氣污染行為有關。結論本研究顯示影響室外空氣污染健康識能的因子可能包含有：性別、教育程度、職業以及婚姻狀態。因此，可針對特定特質之民眾設計專屬的衛教介入來提高民眾的室外空氣污染健康識能。隨著衛教措施介入，民眾之室外空氣污染健康識能與 KAP 皆有所改善，故衛教工具與方法可應用在其他室外空氣污染衛教場域中。此外，兩工具間具有顯著的低度相關，且成效的變化可能會因教育程度、婚姻狀態、室外空氣污染態度與室外空氣污染行為有關。因此，透過兩工具之相關性，能夠更準確地規劃如何使用這些工具，以最大化衛教介入之成效，更有效地促進民眾對室外空氣污染的健康識能。[[abstract]]BackgroundAmbient air pollution is a global concern. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every 14 seconds, a person in the Western Pacific region dies prematurely due to air pollution. Previous literature indicates that the ambient air pollution health literacy of the Taiwanese population is only at a moderate level. Health education interventions may be able to enhance ambient air pollution health literacy. However, there is a lack of relevant research related to the effectiveness of health education on air pollution literacy. There is also a lack of exploration of the correlation between the two tools and It should be used to study the effectiveness of health education intervention.ObjectiveThe lack of relevant research on ambient air pollution health literacy and education intervention in the past, the detailed research purposes of this study are as follows: 1. To explore the factors that affect ambient air pollution health literacy; 2. To explore the role of health education intervention in improving public Health literacy, and the effectiveness of ambient air pollution health literacy; 3. To explore the effectiveness of health education intervention in improving public knowledge, attitudes, and practices about ambient air pollution; 4. To explore the correlation between ambient air pollution health literacy and knowledge, attitudes, and practices tools, as well as the effectiveness of applied health education intervention for these two tools.MethodsThis study is an interventional research design. The main source of data is the "112-Year Plan to Improve Public Health Literacy of Ambient Air Pollution" commissioned by the National Cheng Kung University, commissioned by the National Health Service of the Ministry of Health and Welfare. A health education intervention lecture of about 30 minutes was held through a presentation slide. The sample included in the analysis included 192 participants in the interventional experimental group and 50 participants in the parallel control group. Use multiple linear regression to explore the factors that affect ambient air pollution health literacy, use independent sample t test and dependent sample t-test to explore the effectiveness of health education intervention, and use Pearson correlation analysis to explore the relationship between ambient air pollution health literacy and knowledge, attitudes and behaviors, and A generalized estimating equations was used to explore the effectiveness of the two tools in health education intervention.ResultsThe results of this study found that ambient air pollution is related to gender, education level, occupation and marital status. Males are significantly higher than females (p= 0.038); those in college or above and high school are significantly higher than those in elementary school/junior high school/illiterate (p< 0.001; p= 0.004); students/other occupations are significantly lower than retired/housekeeping/unemployed (p= 0.026); married and separated/divorced/widowed (widowed) are significantly lower than those of the unmarried (p< 0.05). With the intervention of health education measures, both the ambient air pollution health literacy score and the KAP (Knowledge-Attitude-Practice, KAP) score increased significantly(p< 0.001). The overall aspect of ambient air pollution health literacy in the intervention experimental group increased from the original 2.84 points to 3.22 points(average score range 1 to 4 points). While the knowledge questions increased from 0.59 points to 0.84 points (average score range 0 to 1 points), the attitude questions increased from 4.13 points to 4.30 points (average score range 1 to 5 points), and the practical questions increased from 3.45 points to 3.86 points (average score range 1 to 5 points). In terms of the correlation between the two tools, there is a low correlation between the two tools(r= 0.16-0.24), and the change in effectiveness may be related to education level, marital status, ambient air pollution attitude and ambient air pollution practice.ConclusionsThis study shows that factors affecting health literacy of ambient air pollution may include: gender, education level, occupation and marital status. Therefore, exclusive health education interventions can be designed for people with specific characteristics to improve their health literacy of ambient air pollution. With the intervention of health education measures, people's health literacy and KAP of ambient air pollution have improved. Therefore, health education tools and methods can be applied in other ambient air pollution health education fields. In addition, there is a significant low correlation between the two tools, and the change in effectiveness may be related to education level, marital status, ambient air pollution attitude and ambient air pollution practice. Therefore, through the correlation between the two tools, we can more accurately plan how to use these tools to maximize the effectiveness of health education intervention and more effectively promote public health literacy of ambient air pollution
[[alternative]]Exploring the Impact of Economic Development on Health through the Integration of Machine Learning and Efficiency Analysis
No full text[[abstract]]本研究旨在探討經濟發展對健康的影響，結合機器學習與資料包絡分析法（Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA），分析全球二十大工業國（G20）及臺灣的經濟發展與健康效益。自工業革命以來，能源使用與經濟增長的關聯性逐漸受到關注，然而，能源消耗帶來的二氧化碳排放等環境污染對健康的負面影響亦不可忽視。為了深入理解這一關係，本研究採用動態DEA模型，評估各國在不同時期的能源使用效率及其對健康支出的影響，並利用華德法進行集群分析，探索各國經濟與健康效率之間的相似性與差異性。研究數據來自於公開資料庫及政府統計、中華民國統計資訊網、行政院環保署所發表之「中華民國國家溫室氣體清冊報告」、衛生福利部統計之「國民醫療保健支出統計表與World Bank，包括2000年至2018年間G20國家及臺灣的勞動力人口、人均國內生產毛額、二氧化碳排放量、人均健康支出等。結果顯示，不同國家的能源效率與健康支出呈現出顯著的差異，經濟發展水平高的國家往往具備較高的健康支出和能源使用效率，而經濟發展較緩慢的國家則面臨更大的環境與健康挑戰。本研究發現，能源使用效率和健康支出之間的關聯性在不同國家中具有顯著差異。經濟發展較快的國家通常能夠更有效地管理其能源資源，並投入更多資金於健康領域，以提升國民的整體健康水平。這些國家往往具備完善的基礎設施和技術，能夠推動更高效的能源使用策略和環保政策，從而降低對環境的負面影響，同時改善國民的健康狀況。這些國家不僅在能源利用效率上表現優異，還能將資源投入到健康照護和公共衛生系統中，進一步提升整體健康支出和國民健康指標。另一方面，經濟發展較慢的國家在應對環境和健康問題時面臨更多挑戰。這些國家通常缺乏必要的技術和資金來有效管理能源使用和環境污染問題，導致能源效率較低和環境污染嚴重。由於缺乏足夠的資源投入，這些國家的健康支出相對較低，公共衛生系統也較為薄弱，使得國民的健康狀況難以得到有效保障。這些國家需要制定更有效的政策來改善能源使用效率和健康狀況，包括引入先進的技術、加強環保措施、增加對健康照護的投入等，以應對環境和健康方面的挑戰，並促進經濟的可持續發展。[[abstract]]This study aims to explore the impact of economic development on health by integrating machine learning and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). It analyzes the economic development and health benefits of the G20 countries and Taiwan. Since the Industrial Revolution, the relationship between energy use and economic growth has gradually received attention. However, the negative impact of energy consumption, such as CO2 emissions and environmental pollution, on health cannot be ignored. To understand this relationship in depth, this study adopts a dynamic DEA model to evaluate the energy use efficiency and its impact on health expenditures in different periods across countries. Additionally, Ward's method is used for cluster analysis to explore the similarities and differences in economic and health efficiency among countries.The research data is sourced from public databases and government statistics, including the "Republic of China National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report" published by the Environmental Protection Administration, the "National Health Care Expenditure Report" from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, and the World Bank. The data covers the period from 2000 to 2018 for the G20 countries and Taiwan, including labor force population, GDP per capita, CO2 emissions, and per capita health expenditures. The results show significant differences in energy efficiency and health expenditures across countries. Countries with higher levels of economic development tend to have higher health expenditures and energy use efficiency, while countries with slower economic development face greater environmental and health challenges.This study found that the relationship between energy use efficiency and health expenditures varies significantly across different countries. Economically advanced countries can usually manage their energy resources more effectively and invest more in the health sector, improving the overall health of their population. These countries often have well-developed infrastructure and technology, which can drive more efficient energy use strategies and environmental policies, thereby reducing negative environmental impacts and improving public health. These countries not only excel in energy use efficiency but also invest resources into health care and public health systems, further enhancing overall health expenditures and population health indicators.Conversely, countries with slower economic development face more challenges in addressing environmental and health issues. These countries typically lack the necessary technology and funds to manage energy use and environmental pollution effectively, leading to lower energy efficiency and severe environmental pollution. Due to insufficient resource investment, these countries have relatively low health expenditures, and their public health systems are weaker, making it difficult to effectively safeguard the health of their populations. These countries need to formulate more effective policies to improve energy use efficiency and health conditions, including introducing advanced technologies, strengthening environmental measures, and increasing investment in health care to address environmental and health challenges and promote sustainable economic development
[[alternative]]An exploration of the workplace psychosocial hazards, workplace social support and happiness of home care attendants in Taiwan.
No full text[[abstract]]背景：隨著65歲以上的老年人口照顧比例需求漸受關注，2020年台灣已步入少子化的趨勢，開始改變家庭結構的社會浪潮。我國的人口推估資料，估計2070年每1.1位工作者需負擔一位長者，促使老年長期照顧的發展成為政府與社會共同重視之議題，其中居家照顧服務員更是成為長期照顧的發展之一。目的：本研究以台灣地區的居家照顧服務員為對象，探討居家照顧服務員面對工作疲勞與幸福感的認知情形，而職場社會支持與自我效能的影響程度有多少，提出相應的干預措施和支持策略，以提升職場幸福感，增進照顧服務的量能與效率。方法：採橫斷式調查法進行研究，依文獻探討設計成結構式問卷，其問卷包含個人基本資料、職場社會心理危害、哥本哈根疲勞量表、一般自我效能感量表、中國人幸福感量表等五大面向。本研究使用統計軟體 IBM SPSS Statistics 23加上add-on 模組The PROCESS macro for SPSS v4.2（PROCESS）進行資料建檔與處理分析。結果：本研究共計收案167份，且進一步分析工作疲勞、職場社會支持及自我效能，三者對幸福感的影響，結果發現加入中介變項後，工作疲勞對幸福感的影響變得比較少，但職場社會支持與自我效能之中介效果未呈現顯著差異，可能有其他潛在因素之關係。結論與建議：本研究發現50-59歲的女性在長照產業仍占多數，居家長照機構應更注視改善居服員的環境，並給予更多身心理上的支持與未來發展，以提升個人的自我效能。另外政府與其相關單位，應宜審視居服員工作上的壓力，避免過度疲勞影響自己的幸福感。關鍵詞：居家照顧服務員、工作疲勞、職場社會支持、自我效能、幸福感[[abstract]]Background: As the need for care for the elderly population over 65 years of age has received increasing attention, Taiwan has entered a trend of declining birthrates in 2020 and has begun a social wave that changes the family structure. According to my country's population projection data, it is estimated that every 1.1 workers will be responsible for one elderly person in 2070. The development of long-term care for the elderly has become an issue of common concern to the government and society. Among them, home care attendants have become one of the developments of long-term care.Purpose: This study takes home care attendants in Taiwan as the subject, to explore the cognitive situation of home care attendants facing work fatigue and happiness, and the extent of the impact of workplace social support and self-efficacy, and to propose corresponding intervention measures and support Strategies to enhance workplace happiness and enhance the capacity and efficiency of care services.Methods: A cross-sectional survey method was used for the study, and a structured questionnaire was designed based on literature research. The questionnaire included five major categories: basic personal information, workplace psychosocial hazards, Copenhagen Fatigue Scale, general self-efficacy scale, and Chinese happiness scale. Oriented. This study uses the statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics 23 plus the add-on module The PROCESS macro for SPSS v4.2 (PROCESS) for data archiving, processing and analysis.Results: This study received a total of 167 cases, and further analyzed the impact of work fatigue, workplace social support and self-efficacy on happiness. It was found that after adding intermediary variables, the impact of work fatigue on happiness became less , but the mediating effect between workplace social support and self-efficacy did not show significant differences, and there may be other potential factors.Conclusion and suggestions: This study found that women aged 50-59 still account for the majority in the long-term care industry. Home long-term care institutions should pay more attention to improving the environment of residents and provide more physical and psychological support and future development to improve Personal self-efficacy. In addition, the government and its relevant units should review the work pressure of residential service workers to prevent excessive fatigue from affecting their happiness.Keywords: Home care worker、Job burnout、Workplace social support、Self-efficacy、Well-Bein
[[alternative]]The Exploration of the Relationship between Stressors, Resilience, and Patient Safety Culture among Healthcare Workers: A Case Study of a Medical Center in Taiwan Northern Region
No full text[[abstract]]研究背景：醫療工作者面臨的壓力與其復原力及病人安全文化有深遠影響，隨者外部期望和自我要求提高以及環境社會變遷，壓力變得更大與複雜，影響生活品質和身心健康，進而影響工作表現危及病人安全。因此辨識壓力來源並提升復原力，有助於改善心理健康、減少疲勞和提高同理心，以提升病人安全及安全文化，促進高品質和安全照護。研究目的：過去研究多半僅針對醫護進行研究，尚未全面涵蓋不同部門的醫療工作者。本研究針對不同職務包含行政、醫技人員探討個人特質及工作特性與壓力來源、復原力及病人安全文化之間的關聯研究，以期能為醫療機構提供有價值的參考價值及提供更具策略及針對性地管理支持。研究方法：本研究為橫斷性問卷調查研究法，採用方便取樣及雲端電子問卷工具。研究對象包括初級資料(壓力來源項次及復原力量表)和次級資料(2023年病人安全文化調查結果)。最終資料將以SPSS 26 統計軟體分析。研究結果：收案338人醫療工作者，結果顯示共收到1,088壓力源項次，每位平均填寫3個壓力來源，。年齡越長其復原力也越高，職務類別、本院工作年資、教育程度以及是否擔任主管與復原力存在顯著正相關性。串聯整合2023年的病人安全文化數據，共蒐集到170份有效資料，結果顯示性別、年齡、職務類別、工作年資、教育程度和直接接觸病人變項在不同構面上有顯著影響。結論：醫療工作者的復原力顯著影響工作滿意、工作狀況和情緒耗竭，復原力高者在面對壓力和挑戰時能保持積極態度面對，從而提高工作滿意和工作狀況，並可減少情緒耗竭狀況發生。年齡和職務類別對壓力認知和病人安全文化也有顯著影響，擔任主管的醫療工作者在多個構面上有更高的正向影響，而醫技人員在情緒耗竭的部分需要更多支持。[[abstract]]Background：The stress faced by healthcare workers and their resilience have profound impacts on patient safety culture. As external expectations, self-requirements, and environmental changes increase, stress becomes greater and more complex, affecting quality of life and mental health, which in turn affects job performance and endangers patient safety. Identifying sources of stress and enhancing resilience can help improve mental health, reduce fatigue, and increase empathy, thus enhancing patient safety and safety culture to promote high-quality and safe care.Objectives：Previous research has mainly focused on nursing staff and has not comprehensively covered healthcare workers from different departments. This study aims to explore the relationships between personal attributes, job characteristics, sources of stress, resilience, and patient safety culture among different roles, including administrative and medical technical staff. The goal is to provide valuable references and strategic, targeted management support for healthcare institutions.Methods：This study employed a cross-sectional survey method using convenience sampling and cloud-based electronic questionnaires. The subjects included primary data (items of sources of stress and resilience scales) and secondary data (results of the 2023 patient safety culture survey). The final data was analyzed using SPSS 26 statistical software.Results：A total of 338 healthcare workers participated, with each reporting an average of three sources of stress, amounting to 1,088 data points. Chi-square tests revealed significant correlations between different job categories, whether they hold a supervisory position, and whether they directly interact with patients. Older workers showed higher resilience. Job category, years of service at the institution, education level, and supervisory status were significantly positively correlated with resilience. Integration of the 2023 patient safety culture data resulted in 170 valid samples, showing significant effects of gender, age, job category, years of service, education level, and frequency of direct patient contact on different dimensions.Conclusion：The resilience of healthcare workers significantly affects job satisfaction, working condiction, and emotional exhaustion. Workers with high resilience maintain a positive attitude when facing stress and challenges, thereby improving job satisfaction and performance and reducing emotional exhaustion. Age and job category also significantly affect stress perception and patient safety culture. Supervisors have a more positive impact on various dimensions, while medical technical staff need more support in terms of emotional exhaustion