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Using Anti-Xa Levels to Provide Efficient Care in Patients Post-Bariatric Procedure: A Quality Improvement Project
No full textBackground: Post-bariatric procedure patients are at risk for complications, such as venous thromboembolisms (VTEs). To mitigate this risk, enoxaparin, an anticoagulant is given to patients directly following their surgical procedure. Despite the widespread practice, there is currently a lack of standardization on enoxaparin dosing and the timing of obtaining Anti-factor Xa assay (anti-Xa) to ensure proper dosing.
Objective: The purpose of this pilot project was to standardize post-procedure protocol based on best practice evidence for enoxaparin dosing and optimal timing for checking anti-Xa levels in post-bariatric surgery patients.
Setting: Community hospital, public practice
Methods: Forty milligrams of enoxaparin was given post-procedure and patients began a regimen of two doses daily twelve hours apart. Anti-Xa levels were checked 3 to 5 hours after administering the second dose. Anti-Xa levels, post- procedure complications and length of stay were evaluated over a six-week timeframe.
Results: A total of 22 patients were included in the project. The average anti-Xa level for this sample was 0.23, which is considered therapeutic. There were two post-op complications, which consisted of a splenic laceration and gastrointestinal bleed. Length of hospital stay went from 1.8 to 1.7 days. Three patient’s enoxaparin regimens were able to be adjusted due to their anti-Xa level not being therapeutic, which resulted in no post-op complications.
Conclusions: This project’s intervention decreased length of hospital stay. By checking lab levels sooner, enoxaparin regimens can be adjusted to prevent complications. Additional data should be gathered to understand the effect on post-op complications and bleeding events.A five-year embargo was granted for this item
Mindscapes: Building Resilience Together For A Brighter Tomorrow
No full textMindscapes is an interdisciplinary project dedicated to supporting adolescents, ages 13 to 17, in managing their emotions and mental health through a creative, safe, and emotionally responsive environment. This research investigates how color, biophilia, and nature-inspired design elements impact mood, focus, and overall mental well-being in therapeutic spaces for teens. The study will explore the emotional effects of specific color palettes, identifying combinations promoting calmness, security, and openness — essential qualities for spaces that foster self-expression and emotional healing. It will examine how warm and cool tones influence emotional regulation, stress, and relaxation. Additionally, the integration of natural materials, organic textures, plants, and natural light will be analyzed to assess their role in enhancing emotional balance, focus, and resilience. By blending insights from psychology, environmental design, and therapeutic practices, Mindscapes seeks to create a holistic, healing-centered space that empowers teens to navigate their mental health journeys with creativity, confidence, and care.No embargoAcademic Major: Interior Desig
Design and Synthesis of Novel PAS-linked Quinone Methide Precursors as Potential Resurrectors and Reactivators of Organophosphorus-aged and Organophosphorus-inhibited Acetylcholinesterase
No full textOrganophosphorus (OP) compounds account for more than 3 million annual hospitalizations and more than 220,000 annual deaths. OP compounds covalently inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a cholinergic enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine (ACh). The inhibition of AChE by an OP compound prevents the enzyme from hydrolyzing ACh, resulting in an accumulation of ACh in the synaptic cleft. The overstimulation of post-synaptic neurons by the accumulated ACh produces cholinergic crisis, which may result in death if left untreated. Fortunately, current therapeutics exist which can return OP-inhibited AChE to its native state. However, after inhibition, OP-inhibited AChE may also undergo a spontaneous O-dealkylation event to produce OP-aged AChE. There are currently no approved therapeutics capable of recovering OP-aged AChE.
Previous work in our lab has identified a class of novel compounds, quinone methide precursors (QMPs), that can recover OP-inhibited and OP-aged AChE. Herein, we describe the development of novel QMP therapeutics that were designed to increase binding affinity via binding to residues of the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE. These compounds demonstrate reactivation of several OP-inhibited structures, including pesticides and phosphoramidates. These novel QMP therapeutics further demonstrate resurrection of methylphosphonate-aged AChE. The design, synthesis, and in vitro biochemical screening of these novel potential therapeutics will be presented in hopes of identifying a broad-scope medical countermeasure capable of combatting OP exposure.A three-year embargo was granted for this item.Academic Major: Chemistr
Franklinton Highway Impact Mitigation
Get PDFCourse Code: ENR 4900.01In April 2024, the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) clear-cut approximately 6 acres within beauty strips along the northside of I-70 westbound and the west side of State Route 315. ODOT is only permitted to clear land 30 feet from the right-of-way on I-70 eastbound and certain areas to improve drainage, yet they clear-cut all trees in the beauty strip beyond this 30 ft onto land owned by the City of Columbus (ODOT, 2020). The clear-cut has sparked outrage among community members, who have lost the only barrier between their homes and I-70/I-71, as ODOT has failed to install a warranted sound wall along this stretch. According to ODOT, a sound wall installation will not be initiated until the next construction phase, which will be in approximately 2035. With construction bidding only starting in 2035, the community cannot expect a completed sound wall until 2050. With the clearing of the vegetative barrier protecting houses from the I-70, the residents of Thomas Ave lost their only protection from highway debris, noise, and air pollution. The lack of any barrier between the highway and this neighborhood is a systemic issue, a public health hazard, and a safety concern.Academic Major: Environmental Policy and Decision MakingAcademic Major: Forestry, Fisheries and WildlifeAcademic Major: Environmental ScienceAcademic Major: Natural Resource Managemen
ELEVATE: Exploring LGBTQ+ Empowered Voices About Today's Education
Get PDFSchools are important social contexts where youth learn, grow, and develop. Curricular policy decisions can influence the skills and learning of students, as well as how they view the world, treat others, and develop into healthy adults. What is taught in schools—or not taught—impacts how students internalize certain beliefs about themselves and others. Often absent from schools are LGBTQ+ inclusive curricula and discussions about the political landscape and climate that often targets this population, leaving LGBTQ+ youth feeling unseen, unsupported, and marginalized. The lack of representation and dialogue can contribute to stigma, social isolation, and mental health challenges. This study collected qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with adult participants who self-identified as LGBTQ+ allies in the education system. Participants included teachers, librarians, parents, coaches, and social workers (N=14). Data were analyzed through inductive procedures, allowing themes and sub-themes to emerge within each area through data coding. First, participants overwhelmingly pointed to state and national policy as factors influencing school climate for LGBTQ+ students. Second, findings indicated there are minimal LGBTQ+-inclusive activities in schools and a lack of inclusive LGBTQ+ curriculum present in classrooms. Finally, participants reported negative perceptions of school climate for LGBTQ+ students, including concerns about students not feeling belonging and being unsafe at school. Results elevate the experiences of LGBTQ+ students, as well as the experiences of allies in the education system, especially regarding curriculum and the broader school climate. Findings can inform how school-based professionals (e.g., teachers, coaches, social workers), elected officials, and other key actors in the education system can support LGBTQ+ students in schools and advocate for inclusive activities, curriculum, and policies to improve mental health, safety, relationships, and academic success of the LGBTQ+ population.College of Social WorkNo embargoAcademic Major: Social WorkAcademic Major: Political Scienc
Particle Size Analysis of Japan Trench Sediments from IODP Expedition 386
No full textThe Japan Trench is a submarine trench located off the northeastern coast of Japan in the North Pacific Ocean. Due to its location on a subduction zone, seismic activity is high, resulting in frequent earthquakes which include the devastating Mw 9.1 Tohoku-Oki earthquake which occurred in 2011. The aftermath of this earthquake revealed the importance of understanding the recurrence interval of massive events within the Japan Trench. The goal of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 386 is focused on paleoseismic studies of this region. Grain size distributions of 144 ocean sediment samples from depths of ~0.5 – 40 meters below seafloor from Sites M0081F, M0082D, M0083D, M0084F, M0085D, M0086B, M0087D, M0088D, M0090D, M0091D, M0092D, M0093D, and M0095B of IODP Expedition 386 were determined through laser diffraction. A Horiba Partica LA-960V2 Laser Scattering Particle Size Distribution Analyzer, which analyzes how grain size relates to how a particle scatters light, was used to perform this research. For the purposes of this study, most samples are fine-grained muds as sand-rich layers and presumed event-beds were avoided during sample selection. This sample set thus provides background grain size information. The overall mean grain size values show dominance of clayey silts with little, if any, systematic variation with depth at any one site. Average grain size of the near-seafloor sediments increases with proximity to the main canyons along the margin (the Ogawara to the north and the Nakaminato to the south). In the central sites that are farthest from these canyons, mean grain size is smaller.International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP)A one-year embargo was granted for this item.Academic Major: Earth Science
An Approach to Prevent Tip-Out Surge in a Turbocharger Compressor
Get PDFAt low mass flow rates, a turbocharger's performance is limited by compressor surge which is an instability characterized by self-sustained oscillations in the compression system. Compressor throttle valves (CTVs) are used to regulate compressor flow, and a rapid closure of the CTV is called a “tip-out”. Bypass valves are typically used to prevent surge during tip-outs by venting excess compressor exit pressure through an alternative path. To reduce complexity, however, there is interest in preventing surge without a bypass valve. One method is to optimize the CTV closure profile: earlier attempts on this approach focused on single tip-out cases where the profile was manually determined. The objective of this research was to prevent surge for a range of tip-outs without a bypass valve by controlling the closing profile of a CTV. A turbocharger test stand was first used to determine the CTV angles that resulted in surge for various rotational speeds. These CTV angles are called the “critical angles” and fall on the stability limit of the turbocharger. Thus, actual CTV angles smaller than the critical angle for a given rotational speed are expected to result in surge as further reducing the flow rate pushes the compressor into the unstable region. The controller was then implemented into LabVIEW, and it prevents surge by ensuring the actual CTV angle is never smaller than the critical angle for a given rotational speed. The results showed that surge was prevented for all tip-out cases automatically within a selected range. The controller was tuned such that the compressor operated near the surge boundary indicating that the closure time of the controlled CTV profiles is near optimal for the current logic implementation. This study benefits the automotive industry by demonstrating that turbochargers can be kept out of surge during tip-outs without a bypass valve.No embargoAcademic Major: Mechanical Engineerin
Determination of Short-term and Long-term Relaxation Times of Postseismic Deformation and Their Spatial Variability Using GNSS Trajectory Models
No full textExtended trajectory models of geodetic stations are a vital tool for assessing the geodynamic processes of the Earth. Postseismic transient deformation can be modeled using a double logarithmic transient function, and daily observations from several stations affected by a seismic event. One transient representing the short-term deformation, the days to weeks after an event, and the other representing the long-term deformation, the months to years after an event. This study works to determine the best pair of transient values that minimize the residuals of the model for the 2011 Mw 9.1 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. Previous studies indicate there is a geographic correlation between the transient values and the distance from the earthquake’s epicenter. The values are first found via a grid search and then amplitudes are plotted and analyzed to view any spatial patterns in the results. From the values plotted according to their latitude and longitude, no clear spatial pattern was viewed in the T1 or T2 values. The plotted amplitudes show some correlation in the T1 amplitudes, with more negative values closer to the earthquake, and a stronger geographic correlation in the T2 amplitudes, with higher positive values closer to the earthquake. When the stations with higher residuals are removed, a stronger spatial correlation is observed. These results suggest that either the T1, or short-term component of the deformation is not being modeled as well due to the algorithm down weighting the first several weeks after the event or that a single relaxation time may fit the data for this earthquake.No embarg
Reading in the Postgenomic Age: Race, Discipline, and Bionarrativity in Contemporary North American Literature
No full textTo split or to lump : tracing textual metaphors in Siddhartha Mukherjee's The gene: an intimate history -- From HeLa cells to happiness genes : reading and writing life in Rebecca Skloot's The immortal life of Henrietta Lacks and Richard Powers's Generosity: an enhancement -- Stories in the blood and bone : therapeutic bionarrative signatures in Gerald Vizenor's The heirs of Columbus -- Reading the flesh and fleshy reading in Octavia Butler's Fledgling -- Usable futures and trans-corporeal reading in Alina Troyano's Chicas 2000 -- The humanities and the inhumanities : rereading discipline and species in Margaret Atwood's MaddAddam trilogy.Item embargoed for three year
CREB1 Promotes Tolerance to Proteotoxic and Oxidative Stress in MM Cells via Regulation of Autophagy, UPR, and ROS Levels
No full textMultiple myeloma (MM) is a blood cancer characterized by excess plasma cells in the bone marrow, which produce an abnormally high amount of monoclonal proteins. Untreated, the accumulation of these proteins can lead to end-organ damage. Most multiple myeloma cases evolve from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), a premalignant state in which abnormal monoclonal proteins are detected in the blood.
Although significant progress has been made in recent years, MM remains incurable. Treatment regimens usually consist of chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, immunomodulatory drugs, and steroids. Normally, a combination of drugs is administered in order to elicit the best response. Patients eligible for transplant undergo induction therapy to rapidly reduce the number of multiple myeloma cells followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) to replenish blood cell counts. Other patients are treated with cancer drug combinations, such as daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone. Daratumumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets proteins on MM cells, marking them for destruction by the immune system. Lenalidomide is an anti-angiogenic drug that prevents blood vessel growth. Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid that induces apoptosis in MM cells. In patients that undergo relapse, treatments such as bispecific monoclonal antibodies and CAR T-cell therapy have become more common.
Patients who have certain disease characteristics, such as the presence of a t(4;14) or t(14;16) translocation, deletion of 17p, and amplification of chromosome 1, experience lower survival rates. There is a poor prognosis for these patients, creating a need for novel tailored therapeutic options.
MM cells express certain markers on their surface that set them apart from healthy plasma cells, including CD56, which is present in a notable proportion of MM patients. Patients with significantly greater CD56 expression have inferior outcomes compared to their counterparts. We have previously demonstrated that CD56 (also known as neuronal cell adhesion molecule), a surface glycoprotein aberrantly expressed in more than seventy percent of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), promotes CREB1 phosphorylation and its binding to the DNA, leading to genomic transcription. CREB1 (cAMP responsive element binding protein 1) is a transcription factor involved in several aspects of MM cellular growth and metabolism. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that CREB1 inhibitors are toxic towards MM cells and activate natural killer cell immunity by decreasing HLA-E expression. However, we hypothesize that CREB1 could have other functions in MM. This study aims to characterize the role of CREB1 in modulating autophagy and the unfolded protein response, and its interactions with TXNIP in regulating oxidative stress.International Myeloma Society and Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation Translational Research AwardThe Multiple Myeloma Research FoundationThe Elsa U. Pardee FoundationThe OSU College of MedicineThe Pelotonia FoundationThe National Cancer InstituteA one-year embargo was granted for this item.Academic Major: Biochemistr