62021 research outputs found
Sort by
Interview of Jim Tressel by Kevlin Haire
No full textInterview conducted at The Ohio State University Archives, Columbus, Ohio.Jim Tressel, former Ohio State football coach and Youngstown State University President, reflects on his life and career in education. Born in Painesville, Ohio, Tressel's early years were shaped by his father's coaching career, which influenced his own path into coaching. He details his journey from playing football in high school and college to becoming a graduate assistant at the University of Akron, and eventually the head coach at Youngstown State, where he spent 15 seasons and also served as athletic director. Tressel then recounts his tenure at Ohio State, particularly his 10 seasons as head football coach from 2001 to 2011. Included in his discussion are his focus on the importance of academic success for his players; his efforts to implement programs to support their educational goals; his experience winning the 2002 National Championship, which he attributes to the players' dedication and the lessons learned from past champions; and his resignation from Ohio State. In addition, he discusses his tenure with the Indianapolis Colts and his transition to university administration. He also shares insights on his presidency at Youngstown State, where he focused on improving graduation and retention rates.. Throughout the interview, Tressel underscores the importance of continuous learning, gratitude, and making a positive impact
A Process for Pre-Scan Intravenous Fluid Hydration Orders to Prevent Contrast-Induced Nephropathy
Get PDFUsing contrast medium (CM) in computed tomography (CT) scans has become increasingly common in therapeutic evaluation and diagnostic purposes for cancer patients. There is significant health risks associated with the use of CM especially for acute kidney injury (AKI). These risks depend upon the patients' comorbidities, and they can be mitigated through pre-scan hydration. At a designated NCI-NCCN outpatient skin oncology clinic, a process for ordering pre-scan hydration for cancer patients during the clinic focusing on patients age 70 years or older, was developed. The object was to provide education on prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) with the goals of increasing the number of pre-scan intravenous fluid (IVF) hydration orders placed when ordering scans and identify barriers to placing these orders from providers. For this quality improvement project, the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle was utilized as the methodology. The project included an educational intervention targeting clinicians, nurses, and schedulers. This intervention also included questions about the barriers to ordering the pre-scan IVF hydration. The expected outcome was to increase the hydration orders by 10% within two months. After two months of implementation, the results showed an increase in pre-scan IVF hydration orders from 17.6% (pre-implementation) to 24% after implementation. In summary, the project showed that developing a process for ordering pre-scan IVF hydration and education on CIN improved the rates of pre-scan IVF hydration orders in the outpatient skin oncology clinic.No embarg
Without a Voice: The Trial of Bill Anderson, and His Fight for Freedom at the Birth of the Civil Rights Movement in Marion, Ohio 1839.
Get PDFIn 1839 Bill Anderson a runaway slave traveled to Marion, Ohio and asserted that he was a free man. Before long, men from Virginia came to capture Bill and return him to slavery. But the Black Laws of Ohio required a court trial for Bill to prove his ownership. Over 150 people came to Marion to hear the trial, and a surprising verdict set off a mob riot in the streets of Marion. Most people in Marion have not heard of this important event that happened at the beginning of the Civil Rights movement, as this history was lost to a small plaque at the Marion Courthouse, with inaccurate facts. This new research focuses on Bill Anderson life, his perspective, his power, and influence, and provides new insight into the role of Ohio Black communities in its support of the Underground Railroad, the intense debates among Ohioans over their Black Laws, growing influence of abolitionism, and the problematic ways that later historians interpreted this event as an example of white heroism.No embargoAcademic Major: Histor
Impact of Columbus City Health Code 248.05 on Ohio State Students' Smoking Habits
Get PDFBackground: Electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, are devices that can be either disposable or reusable. They use heat to convert liquid into vapor, which is then inhaled to achieve the desired effects. Commonly known as vapes, e-cigarettes typically contain nicotine, an addictive substance, and can also include artificial flavor additives. Young adults are currently the population with the highest rates of e-cigarette use, which is greatly impacted by the availability of desirable flavors such as fruit, mint, and candy. Flavored e-cigarettes account for almost 90% of current adolescent e-cigarette use. Due to their popularity among younger populations, e-cigarettes have become the focus of various federal, state, and local restrictions. This study examines the impact of Columbus City Health Code 248.05, which prohibits the sale of flavored tobacco within city limits, on the smoking habits of Ohio State University (OSU) students. Specifically, it explores how this regulation affects young adults' access to and usage of flavored e-cigarettes, as well as the types of nicotine products they use.
Methods: Convenience sampling supplemented by various recruitment strategies to ensure a diverse pool of respondents was used to recruit a sample of twenty-four OSU students who were 21 years and older. Data was collected using a structured Qualtrics questionnaire created specifically for this study which utilizes questions from similar research. The questionnaire included sections on demographic information, e-cigarette preference, other tobacco product usage, access, and use.
Results: Data collected showed high rates of awareness of Columbus Health Code 248.05 but low rates of reported expected future impact on e-cigarette use in or around campus. Participants who responded reported age of first tobacco product used or age of initiation between 15-19 years, with flavored e-cigarettes being the most common first tobacco product used. Data showed participants used e-cigarettes ranging from one day a month to daily e-cigarette use. The average participant traveled 6.9 miles to obtain e-cigarettes, but half of the participants who responded reported travelling four miles or less to obtain e-cigarettes; this may suggest that the effects of Columbus Health Code 248.05 can be avoided by driving a short distance away. Of participants who responded, smoke shops and gas/convenience stores were the most popular purchase sites for e-cigarettes, which further underscores the accessibility of these products. The presence of multiple cessation attempts reported prior to and after the Columbus health code suggests the need for smoking cessation supportive measures on campus.
Conclusion: This study, which explored the effects of Columbus Health Code 248.05 on Ohio State University’s students’ smoking habits in or around campus, produced information which may be used to inform future research surrounding college student e-cigarette use as well as future cessation programs implemented on college campuses.College of Social WorkNo embargoAcademic Major: Social Wor
Economic Uncertainty in a Post-Roe World
Get PDFWhen Roe v. Wade was overturned in 2022, many states quickly acted to ban or heavily restrict abortion. As there are now millions of women in the United States living without abortion access, the economic consequences of abortion bans are increasingly significant. In particular, women may face increased economic uncertainty as a result of abortion restrictions. The primary aim of this paper is to investigate changes in proposed indicators of economic uncertainty in women without abortion access. Due to data limitations, short-term analysis of labor force participation, family planning service utilization, and state migration is conducted through a difference-in-differences model. Short-term analysis did not yield significant results, but future framework is proposed to study economic uncertainty in abortion-restrictive states once more robust long-term data is available. This framework is crucial to understanding how abortion bans and restrictions may drive economic behavior shifts in the United States.No embargoAcademic Major: Economic
Resource-Efficient Discrete Fourier Transform via the Goertzel Algorithm for Continuous Wave Detection with FPGAs
Get PDFIn many digital signal processing (DSP) applications, the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is used as a method of breaking down a signal into its corresponding frequency components. It is a conversion of a discretized finite-duration signal from the time domain into the frequency domain, producing a discrete power spectrum. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is an integrated circuit (IC) with reconfigurable internal logic. Because of their capabilities for parallel mathematical operations, FPGAs lend themselves to complex signal processing applications, and can often be a substitute for otherwise expensive, specialized hardware. Standard fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithms often require more FPGA resources than is desirable. The Goertzel algorithm presents itself as an alternative, allowing the DFT to be cast as a type of digital filter which determines the Fourier coefficient of a single frequency. In some applications this “single-tone” DFT may not be entirely useful; however, the system benefits greatly from the filter’s minimized usage of logic elements such as registers, multipliers, and accumulators; in other words, the filter’s “hardware footprint” is far smaller than commonly used FFT alternatives, elevating it as a candidate for integration with the CoRaLS experiment.Prof. James J. Beatty, CCAPP, Cosmic Ray Lunar Sounder (CoRaLS) CollaborationNo embargoAcademic Major: PhysicsAcademic Major: Astronomy and Astrophysic
Effect of Meal Feeding Frequency on Daytime Behavior of Individually Stalled Horses
No full textDomestic horses are often meal fed unlike their feral counterparts, who spend a great deal of time foraging. The objective of this study, which was part of a larger project, was to investigate the effect of meal frequency on behavior of individually housed horses. Twelve horses were divided into two sets, with a subset of 3 set 1 and 3 set 2 horses (n=6) evaluated. After a 14-day diet adaptation, the order of meal frequencies was randomly assigned with each set having a different treatment order. The treatments were feeding once (1x) at 0800h, twice (2x) at 0800 and 1800h, or three times (3x) at 0800, 1300, and 1800h per day, each lasted one week. Horses were fed grass hay from slow-feed hay nets at 1.55% and pelleted complementary feed at 0.45% body weight on DM basis. Daily rations were the same across treatments with only meal size and times differing. On d 5 of each treatment, the stall habituated horses were individually stalled and video recorded for 24h using closed circuit cameras. Continuous observation between 0700 and 1900h was evaluated. An ethogram was used to categorize behaviors, and the beginning and end of each behavior was recorded, noting frequency for all behaviors and duration for selected behaviors. A mixed model within JMP Pro 16 was used to determine the effects of treatment, set, and horse on the duration and frequency of behaviors. Horses spent 26±2, 13±2, and 8±2 min (1x, 2x, 3x respectively) on average ± SE consuming their morning allocation of pellets (P 0.05) of behaviors displayed over the 12h timeframe. Horse impacted both duration and frequency of drinking, eating hay, investigative, locomotion, pawing, stall walking, standing relaxed and/or dozing, standing/standing alert, and urination behaviors (P < 0.05). Horses spent the largest percentages of their time standing/standing alert (38±2%), eating hay (31±2%), and standing relaxed and/or dozing (9.5±1.3%). These results highlight the individuality of horse behavior. Future research should include nighttime behavior, naïve horses, and the time course of behaviors.Ohio State ATIBuckeye NutritionA one-year embargo was granted for this item.Academic Major: Animal Science
Using Data-Assimilation to Predict Drug Perturbations
Get PDFCardiac arrhythmias, characterized by irregular heart rhythms, pose significant risks including stroke and cardiac arrest. Current methods to model cardiac electrophysiology often fail to capture individual variability and the full impact of drug perturbations. This study uses data-assimilation with the Tomek-Rudy ventricular myocyte model to improve the accuracy of reconstructing cardiac cell dynamics. Using the Ensemble Kalman Filter, simulations tested varying ensemble sizes, observation intervals, and inflation factors. Results showed increased ensemble size and reduced observation interval decreased reconstruction error, while high inflation factors improved accuracy but increased sensitivity to noise. This approach advances personalized medicine by offering a tailored method to predict cardiac responses to drugs, potentially enhancing treatment strategies and clinical outcomes.No embargoAcademic Major: Computer Science and Engineerin
Deleting Adult OPC expressed Voltage Gated Calcium Channel Subunits Enhances Mouse Skilled Forelimb Function
No full textMyelin disruption after spinal cord injuries (SCI) or demyelinating diseases causes axonal conduction failure, impairing neurological function. In the central nervous system (CNS), myelin sheaths are formed by oligodendrocytes which are differentiated from their progenitors, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). OPCs express various voltage-gated ion channels, including voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs). α2δ subunits of the VGCCs play essential roles in increasing the density of calcium channels and the channel's conductance. α2δ subunits, particularly α2δ1 subunits, are highly expressed in OPCs. This study investigates whether OPC-expressed α2δ1 plays a functional role in mediating mouse behavioral performance. Using a tamoxifen-inducible conditional knockout mouse model, we specifically deleted Cacna2d1, the gene encoding α2δ1subunits, in OPCs from adulthood. The assessment of behavioral performance on the horizontal ladder rung walking test began prior to and continued for 5 weeks after tamoxifen administration. Our analysis shows that deleting adult OPC-expressed Cacna2d1 significantly improved the correct forelimb placement. As the horizontal ladder rung walking test requires sensory-motor integration for precise forelimb placement, our findings suggest that OPC-expressed α2δ1 not only regulates oligodendrocyte density in adulthood but also promotes complex neurological function, likely through facilitating myelin adaptation.A five-year embargo was granted for this item.Academic Major: Neuroscienc
Exploiting Müller Glia Progenitor Cell Signaling Pathways for Retinal Regeneration in Chick Retinas Using Small Molecule Drug Cocktails
Get PDFHealth Under the Microscope (The Ohio State University Denman Undergraduate Research
Forum)Humans lack the capacity for retinal regeneration, making degenerative retinal diseases irreversible. However, animals like chickens and zebrafish exhibit partial or complete retinal regeneration, respectively, with Müller glia (MG) cells playing a pivotal role. MG can de-differentiate into Müller glia-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs), but only a small proportion of chick MGPCs develop into neurons. This study investigates methods for increasing regenerative neurogenesis rates in chickens, with the goal of identifying mechanisms that could be leveraged for therapeutic interventions. Post-hatch day 3 to 8 (P3–8) White Leghorn chicks received intraocular injections of damage-inducing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine), a lineage tracer for proliferating MGPCs, was co-injected. Three days after damage, chicks were injected with mixtures of small-molecule drug cocktails reported to promote neural fate in cell culture or a vehicle control. Small molecules tested were: Wnt pathway activators (CHIR-99201, ISX9), a BET (bromodomain and extra-terminal domain protein) inhibitor (I-BET151), an adenylate cyclase activator (Forskolin), a ROCK (rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase) inhibitor and a PKA (protein kinase A) activator (Bucladesine). After weeklong incubation, retinas were processed for HuC/D immunostaining and EdU incorporation visualization. MGPCs that differentiated into neurons (EdU+/HuC/D+ cells) were visualized via confocal microscopy and counted. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-tailed t-test. Cocktails containing Forskolin, I-BET151, and Wnt activators significantly enhanced neurogenesis. Retinas treated with Cocktail 1 (C1: Forskolin, I-BET151, CHIR-99201) showed significantly more new neurons than controls (Δx̄ = +1.39; p = 0.01). Adding ISX9 to C1 increased neurogenesis but had a smaller effect size (Δx̄ = +1.00; p = 0.04). Cocktails including a ROCK inhibitor and Bucladesine showed a non-significant increase (Δx̄ = +1.10; p = 0.06). These findings suggest the Wnt pathway and BET proteins play a role in the differentiation of MGPCs into new neurons.No embargoAcademic Major: Neuroscienc