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Hot Topics in the House: The Formation and Importance of Congressional Speech Networks
No full textCongressional speeches drive policy making and political debate at the national level. As a crucial method of communication, these speeches directly reflect legislators’ political agendas and serve as a vehicle by which members of Congress can convey their political priorities and advocate for important issues. Previous work applied well-known natural language processing methods to determine the level of rhetorical similarity between speeches contained in the Daily Edition of the Congressional Record from 1981 to 2017, developing relational networks between members of Congress based on these similarities. Through the application of a pooled temporal exponential random graph model to these networks, the impact of various endogenous (inside the network) and exogenous (outside the network) effects on the formation of congressional speech networks over this 36-year period of time is evaluated. Analysis of factors that contribute to the formation of network ties in each Congress yields significant insights into the evolution of rhetorical relationships over time. Moreover, it sheds light on the underlying dynamics and trends driving similarities between the topics discussed in speeches given on the House floor. Ultimately, these speech networks provide a direct window into the motivations and beliefs underlying congressional rhetoric. This unique glimpse into the inner workings of Congress improves our understanding of the most important legislative body in the United States and motivates future research studying this institution.Arts and Sciences Undergraduate Research ScholarshipAcademic Major: Political ScienceAcademic Major: Statistic
Targeted Mitigation of Antibiotic Resistance from Animal Host to Consumers via Vegetable Products
Get PDFAntibiotic resistance (AR) is a critical global health issue with far-reaching implications for healthcare, agriculture, and society. Recent data from the Wang lab revealed high prevalence of antibiotic resistance in traditionally fermented foods. The consumption of foodborne antibiotic resistant bacteria, passing through the gastrointestinal (GI) track has the potential to spread and amplify the amount of AR bacteria and the encoding AR gene within our own body. The objective of this study is to examine: 1) the prevalence and abundance of antibiotic resistant bacteria in vegetables associated with different production practices, and 2) the effect of post-harvest processing methods, such as sanitizers, exemplified by an electrolyzed water wash, on mitigating these AR bacteria from raw vegetables. In this study, green onion was planted in triplicate within three distinct types of soil: traditional potting soil (control), potting soil containing poultry feces (acting as fertilizer, experiment), and potting soil containing autoclaved poultry feces (control, with nutrients of feces). Each soil type was potted with replicates. Microbial assessments of the harvested plants were then conducted by plating the green onions on Brain Heart Infusion (BHI), for gram positive bacteria, and Luria Broth (LB), for gram negative bacteria, agar plates, with and without the supplementation of representative antibiotic, tetracycline, or ampicillin. Samples of green onion washed with electrolyzed water, pH of 4.4, for 5 minutes were further assessed by plate counting for the efficacy of the treatment. Our results suggest that the electrolyzed water treatment effectively inactivated pure cultures of E. coli and Lactobacillus sp. strains by at least 4 logs, and AR bacteria from purchased retail green onions by at least 2 logs. The abundance of AR bacteria in green onions grown in potting soil with and without autoclaved feces were low, but 1-2 logs higher in green onion grown in soil supplemented with unautoclaved feces. Electrolyzed water treatment also effectively mitigated total and AR bacteria in harvested green onions. Our data illustrated the potential transmission of AR bacteria from fecal fertilizer through the plants, and the effective mitigation of microbial risks in raw vegetables by electrolyzed water. The data paved the way for interrupting the ever- escalating circle of AR transmission via the chain of host feces, plants, food, and host gut/feces by targeted mitigation.FoodSURENo embargoAcademic Major: Food Science and Technolog
Institutional Dynamics: Exploring the Impact of Higher Education Settings on Undergraduate Engagement in Research Opportunities in the John Glenn College of Public Affairs
Get PDFThe John Glenn College of Public Affairs is the Ohio State University’s public policy and management school with nearly 400 undergraduate students. Recently, the College was awarded an Undergraduate Research Access Innovation Seed Grant to increase undergraduate research take-up through an “Undergraduate Research Pathway.” As a part of the grant, the College engaged in a research project to assist in the development of the pathway. This first phase of this research project aimed to document the facilitators and barriers that exist within the College that support or prevent undergraduate students from engaging in research.
Motivated by these initial findings, this present thesis research asks the question: What aspects of the John Glenn College of Public Affairs as an education institution promote or inhibit student participation in undergraduate research? Data was collected from ten interviews and two focus groups with undergraduates in the Glenn College, a Brown Bag conversation with Glenn College faculty, and administered a survey of the Glenn College undergraduate student body. Analysis of this data found that, for undergraduate students, information asymmetries, low research self-efficacy, competing opportunity costs of time and money, and a perceived lack of support were the primary barriers to engaging in research. For faculty, administrative burden, interest alignment, and a mismatch of incentives to engage undergraduates in research were characterized as the primary barriers.
By applying a theoretical framework that combines institutional theory, organizational program implementation settings, and the theory that organizations are not race-neutral, I explain why these barriers may exist and offer considerations for the creation and implementation of programming aimed at increasing student engagement with research opportunities in the College.No embargoAcademic Major: Public Policy AnalysisAcademic Major: Economic
CIL I(2) 2.4, 3022 – Epitaph for L. Turullius Pant(h)era, late Republican/early Augustan era
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Wuthering Heights and The Picture of Dorian Gray: Victorian Novels and Gothic Modifications
Get PDFThis thesis includes a textual examination of Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontë and The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde, as well as background information on social norms and customs in England during the Victorian era. This time period is generalized today as a time of upright morals and near-prudish modesty from the English upper-class. That is, these socialites generally kept up a façade of being restrained and moral, despite whether or not those things were actually true. Beneath that surface, however, many of the intellectual aristocracy engaged in amoral activities and other vices to cope with the changing society. Victorian Gothic novels, like Wuthering Heights and The Picture of Dorian Gray, contained themes of psychological terror, the supernatural, brutal violence, the return of the repressed, and others. This type of content was somewhat, but not entirely, rebellious amongst the prudish society it was published in. I have examined the texts of Wuthering Heights and The Picture of Dorian Gray as well as multiple sources that review them. In this thesis I evaluate multiple scenes in the novels, considering what makes them “Gothic,” and I find that although both of these novels caused a bit of an uproar upon their releases, the Gothic itself is not quite as subversive as one might think.No embargoAcademic Major: Englis
Faculty Advisory Council Meeting Minutes, February 15, 2024
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Hot Topics in the House: The Formation and Importance of Congressional Speech Networks
Get PDFCongressional speeches drive policy making and political debate at the national level. As a crucial method of communication, these speeches directly reflect legislators’ political agendas and serve as a vehicle by which members of Congress can convey their political priorities and advocate for important issues. Previous work applied well-known natural language processing methods to determine the level of rhetorical similarity between speeches contained in the Daily Edition of the Congressional Record from 1981 to 2017, developing relational networks between members of Congress based on these similarities. Through the application of a pooled temporal exponential random graph model to these networks, the impact of various endogenous (inside the network) and exogenous (outside the network) effects on the formation of congressional speech networks over this 36-year period of time is evaluated. Analysis of factors that contribute to the formation of network ties in each Congress yields significant insights into the evolution of rhetorical relationships over time. Moreover, it sheds light on the underlying dynamics and trends driving similarities between the topics discussed in speeches given on the House floor. Ultimately, these speech networks provide a direct window into the motivations and beliefs underlying congressional rhetoric. This unique glimpse into the inner workings of Congress improves our understanding of the most important legislative body in the United States and motivates future research studying this institution.Arts and Sciences Undergraduate Research ScholarshipNo embargoAcademic Major: Political ScienceAcademic Major: Statistic
REDUCING LABORATORY ERRORS THROUGH THE ADOPTION OF TWO PATIENT IDENTIFIERS
No full textThis project centers on an evidence-based quality improvement initiative to decrease lab labeling errors associated with patient identification procedures within a labor and delivery unit. The initiative highlights the importance of accurate patient identification and highlights a pivotal strategy for enhancing patient safety and reducing medical errors.
The primary objectives of this initiative were to achieve a 10% reduction in lab labeling errors associated with patient identification and to decrease the overall number of patient identification errors by 10%. Through the adoption of evidence-based strategies, the focus was on improving patient safety outcomes and mitigating errors linked to patient identification.
Employing a comprehensive approach, the initiative incorporated evidence-based interventions, including staff education on proper patient identification techniques and the effective use of barcode scanners. Efforts were also made to heighten awareness among patients, families, and healthcare professionals regarding the significance of precise patient identification.
The initiative yielded favorable outcomes, indicating a positive trend in decreasing lab labeling errors associated with patient identification. These outcomes affirm the efficacy of the implemented strategies.
In conclusion, the initiative effectively reduced lab labeling errors associated with patient identification, underscoring the impact of evidence-based practices on enhancing healthcare safety. By reducing lab labeling errors related to patient identification inaccuracies, the initiative promotes a safer healthcare environment.No embarg
Exploring a Read and Publish Agreement: The Three-Year Taylor & Francis Pilot
Get PDFThe Ohio State University Libraries (University Libraries) entered into a three-year read and publish pilot agreement with Taylor & Francis in 2020—the first read and publish agreement for The Ohio State University and the first such deal for Taylor & Francis in the Americas. This study provides an overview of University Libraries’ motivations behind the agreement, the lessons we learned implementing and supporting the agreement, and the open access publishing outcomes of the pilot agreement that ended December 2022.Publisher allows immediate open acces