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The Medieval Justification of Kingship and its Ties to the Church
Get PDFThis essay delves into how medieval scholars reconciled their power structures with Christianity. These scholars drew on biblical stories and Greek philosophers in order to create a narrative of kings being justified in their rule over the masses. I also look at how kings put these ideas into practice and further legitimized their rule through supposed connections to historical and legendary figures. I focus on evaluating primary sources with some modern evaluations of these ideas included. While much research has been dedicated to the relationship between the Church and the state in the medieval era, much less has been focused on how Christians rationalized the existence of such centralized power and hierarchy. Thus, this thesis tries to connect the dots between medieval political philosophy and other previous political philosophies which medieval scholars drew inspiration from. The thesis further shows how such reasoning was similar to the traditional ways that monarchs legitimized their rule. Ultimately, the biblical idea of kings being ordained by God places them as the "pre-eminent individual" described by Aristotle that should be given the power to rule and subversively discourages doubt and rebellion.No embargoAcademic Major: Histor
The Influence of Saccade Predictability on Feature Binding after an Eye Movement
Get PDFPeople make multiple eye movements each second. These quick eye movements are referred to as saccades. These saccades can create shifts in perception that can create a dissimilarity between pre and post-saccadic retinotopic locations, disrupting visual stability. This discrepancy means post-saccadic remapping affects feature perception, creating some errors if there is insufficient time to update. Visual input is coded relative to its position on the eyes, or “retinotopic” coordinates naturally, but we often perceive objects to be in world-centered “spatiotopic” coordinates. When we move our eyes to a new location, an updating or remapping process is needed to reconcile visual inputs across the eye movement. Remapping is a process that can occur predictively, which may facilitate visual stability. However, remapping can also occur slowly, which might cause visual instability. This project is based on existing theories of spatial remapping and aims to answer the question: does predictability of a saccade influence object-feature binding after saccadic eye movements? For this eye-tracking study, the behavioral paradigm used by Golomb et al. (2014) was adopted: participants were cued to a target location and asked to report the color of the square occupying the cued target location after making a saccade. At different time points after a saccade, they were presented with an array of 4 colored squares at the cue’s spatiotopic and retinotopic locations and the two adjacent locations, creating a grid formation with equal eccentricity from fixation. We also manipulated saccade predictability; saccades in each block were predictable (e.g., clockwise and saccade cue onset after a fixed duration) or unpredictable (e.g., horizontal or vertical and saccade cue onset after a randomized duration). We expected to find a higher rate of systematic errors in the early delay condition compared to the late delay condition and an even greater difference between delay conditions in the unpredictable saccade condition. Our results showed improved general performance when saccades were predictable. Moreover, in the unpredictable saccade condition, there were “swap errors” at the early post-saccadic timepoint (short/early delay condition), a pattern reported previously where participants report the retinotopic non-target color instead of the correct spatiotopic target color. However, the swapping errors disappeared when saccades were made predictable. These results suggest that systematic color misperceptions associated with the retinotopic attentional trace may be malleable to top-down expectations of the upcoming saccade, highlighting the role of predictive coding in maintaining visual stability across saccades.No embargoAcademic Major: Neuroscienc
Ohl 105-106, no. 6 – Epitaph for Irenia, a Christian, undatable forgery
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Píntag Amaru and Living Well: An Exploration of Localized Indigenous Revitalization and Practices with Global Implications
Get PDFAs dominant global systems produce climate and humanitarian crises, there is an urgent need for the implementation of alternatives to capitalism and development models. The practices of Pintag Amaru, an Indigenous organization in the Andean highlands of Ecuador, to revitalize, transmit and live their ancestral values offers important insight into Indigenous understandings of living well and the decolonial concept of Sumak Kawsay. Sumak Kawsay, an alternative way of living that is based in a harmonious relationship to the earth and one’s community, has entered public debate in Ecuador and globally. The concept was enshrined in the Ecuadorian constitution in 2008, however, conflict has arisen between Sumak Kawsay as praxis versus its political and academic co-optation. Appropriation of the concept by non-Indigenous actors exemplifies that Sumak Kawsay must be understood through the realities and struggles of the Indigenous communities from which it emerges. The analysis of Pintag Amaru’s practices and relationship to Sumak Kawsay explores the tensions of the concept and argues for its value as a framework and platform for Indigenous movements to articulate their beliefs, proposals, and ways of living. An examination of Pintag Amaru’s efforts, to cultivate according to ancestral values, utilize bio-construction methods, protect their environment and water, embody communal values through the minga, and engage in decolonial education, offers important insights into living well beyond theory through the actual practices of one localized example with global implications.No embargoAcademic Major: Comparative Studie
Climate of Commodification: Trademark as a Resistive Technology
Get PDFThis paper will synthesize and amalgamate information and discoveries around the histories of copyright, trademark, and ownership within the dance world. It will offer perspectives on the politics of using Labanotation for Black dance and the ways that it is necessary yet nuanced.AURS FundingNo embargoAcademic Major: Danc
Oral Feeding Infants with Complex Congenital Heart Disease and Trisomy 21 Pre- and Post-Surgical Intervention: A Comparative Case Study
No full textPurpose and Background/ Significance: Infants with complex congenital heart disease (CCHD) and infants with Down Syndrome (DS) each have unique and complex feeding difficulties. Little research exists about feeding infants with both conditions. The purpose of this study was to examine oral feeding dynamics during hospitalization of infants with DS needing surgical intervention for CCHD in the first 6 months of life.
Framework: A dynamic systems framework was utilized to assess factors that may influence an infant’s ability to feed including feeding constraints (task, external, internal), behavioral responses, and feeding related outcomes.
Methods: We used a multiple case study, descriptive design. Infants unable to achieve a nutritive suck were excluded. Feedings were observed pre and post operatively. The unit of analysis was individual feedings, which were assessed per feeding, not per infant. For this study, infant engagement and fluid management were measured with the Dynamic-Early Feeding Skills assessment and coded using the Noldus Observer XT system. Descriptive analysis included percentages of feeding skills exhibited and numbers of discrete events occurring across feedings. Lag sequential analysis (LSA) was calculated to describe probability of relationships between skills.
Results: Data from 6 feedings observed in 5 infants were included, 3 pre-op and 3 post-op. In 2 of 3 pre-operative feeds, infants were fully engaged in less than 8% of the feeding, and in 2 of 3 the feeds, infants exhibited no difficulty with fluid management for 93% of the feeding. However, in one feed the infant experienced 11 episodes of loss of milk from nose or mouth. In all three post-operative, feeds, infants demonstrated low engagement (12-75% of feeding) or disengagement (7-88% of feeding). Infants had difficulty managing fluid for less than 14% of the feeding. Brief distress events occurred 1-14 times pre-op and 7-12 times post-op. Pre- and post-operative LSA suggested temporal associations between low engagement and difficulty with fluid management.
Conclusion: Engagement and fluid management may be issues for infants with DS and CCHD during pre- and post-operative feedings. More research is needed in larger samples to identify areas for intervention to improve feeding in these high-risk infants.NIH/ NINR grant 1R15NR017092-01A five-year embargo was granted for this item.Academic Major: Nursin
Exploring and Understanding Food Insecurity in Social Work Students
Get PDFFood insecurity is a growing problem for college students in the U.S. Having access to food does not necessarily mean that food is nutritious. Expenses like housing, food, transportation, and tuition contribute to college students experiencing food insecurity at a high rate. Recent studies have shown that social work students, in particular, are at risk for food insecurity and may negatively impact academic performance, financial instability, mental health, and relationships.
The overall objective of this research was to examine the levels of food insecurity among social work students at Ohio State University (OSU) and determine how sociodemographic disparities affect food access and food security for students. We explored experiences of food insecurity for social work students at each program level (BSSW, MSW, Combined MSW-PhD, PhD), across all campuses (Columbus, Lima, Mansfield, Marion, and Newark), and for different classifications of race/ethnicity. A cross-sectional survey was distributed online and included descriptive closed-ended questions about sociodemographic characteristics, food security status, food access, utilization of food assistance programs, and negative life impacts. Open-ended questions provided opportunities to share day-to-day experiences with food insecurity, barriers to eating what they wanted, barriers to utilizing food assistance programs, experiences of shame and embarrassment, and ideas they had to address food insecurity. We had 251 participants and found 42% of them were food insecure. There were statistically significant disparities by race and varying experiences by campus and program. The students shared in-depth experiences of food insecurity negatively impacting physical health, mental health, school and work performance, and social life. Major themes included constant stress, addressing the financial burden of unpaid practicum experiences, shame, guilt, embarrassment, and impact of diet quality.Food Insecurity Research Fund (CSW315845)No embargoAcademic Major: Social Wor
How do arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities and spore traits vary across land use and over seasons in central Ohio
Get PDFArbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play crucial roles in terrestrial ecosystems by forming mutualistic relationships with over 80% of land plants and aiding in nutrient uptake. AM fungal spores display traits that help us understand environmental and seasonal effects on AM fungal community assembly. This study investigated how land use and seasonality affect AM fungal spore community composition and how spore traits mediate these effects. Samples were collected from grassland, woodland, and agricultural field plots across three sites in central Ohio during the spring and fall. Spore communities were quantified, and traits such as hue volume, and saturation were measured. Land use and season influenced AM fungal community composition and traits. Woodlands promoted sporulation, lower luminance, and higher saturation. While land use directly impacted community assembly in spring, trait-mediated effects were only observed in fall, suggesting seasonality influences fungal community dynamics. Trait-based approaches elucidate the intricate interactions between land use, seasonality, and AM fungal community assembly, providing valuable insights for ecosystem management and conservation strategies.No embargoAcademic Major: Microbiolog
