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Shoreline change assessment in rapidly urbanizing coastal megacities using geospatial techniques
Get PDFCoastal megacities face significant threats from various climate-induced hazards, including cyclones, storm surges, rising sea levels, coastal landslides, and floods. In recent decades, rapid urbanization and a range of anthropogenic pressures have exacerbated the vulnerability of these coastal regions. To assess the current level of coastal vulnerability, we focused on two Asian coastal megacities: Shenzhen and Shanghai. Using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to evaluate coastal erosion vulnerability and shoreline changes from 1990 to 2022, we employed Shoreline Change Envelope (SCE) and Net Shoreline Movement (NSM) to measure the distance of shoreline change, while the rate of shoreline change was calculated with the End Point Rate (EPR). To simplify the DSAS analysis and highlight significant findings, Shenzhen's coastline was divided into two sections: The western coast (C1) and the eastern coastline (C2). The SCE results indicated a noteworthy seaward shoreline shift of 4.5 km in section C1 from 1990 to 2010, while section C2 experienced a significant alteration, extending 2.5 km seaward during the same period. In contrast, Shanghai exhibited a remarkable shoreline change, extending 6.5 km seaward between 1990 and 2010. NSM analysis revealed that within region C2, the maximum recorded erosion from 1990 to 2022 was 920 m, with the furthest observed accretion reaching 2,483 m. Additionally, results indicated that in section C1, the lowest shoreline change rate was −11.9 m/year, illustrating erosion, while Shanghai's minimum shoreline change rate was −3.04 m/year, also indicating a trend of erosion. The findings from this study, combined with the vulnerability maps, will aid policymakers and decision-makers in developing strategies to enhance the quality of life for coastal communities
MAPPING AI'S IMPACT ON MARCOM:A MULTIFACETED STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK THROUGH LITERATURE ANALYSIS
No full textThe rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) is fundamentally revolutionizing the landscape of marketing communications (MarCom). As digital technologies continue to advance, organizations face both unprecedented opportunities and complex challenges in integrating AI into their marketing strategies (Anantrasirichai & Bull, 2020). The contemporary marketing environment is characterized by increasing data volumes, accelerated consumer interactions, and a growing demand for hyper-personalized engagement. In this context, AI has emerged not merely as a technological enhancement but as a strategic imperative that redefines how brands engage with audiences, optimize
campaigns, and generate value (Baruno et al., 2025).
This research is motivated by the urgent requirement for a comprehensive and practical framework to facilitate the integration of artificial intelligence into marketing communications. Although the existing literature extensively discusses AI’s potential, a deficiency remains in systematic approaches that consider both the technical and human aspects of this integration. The study aims to synthesize current knowledge, identify key themes, and propose a strategic framework that aligns theoretical insights with practical implementation strategies for marketing professionals
The Cyprus Question: A Problem of Many Angles
No full textThis chapter introduces the reader to the main topic of the book and the legal questions and approaches that underpin it. More concretely, it explains the complexity of the Cyprus Question and its overlooked angles which have led to a ‘state of Cypriot silences’. It then engages in an elaborate examination of the legal and historical theoretical and methodological issues which have guided the research
Response to comments on: Noseband type and tightness level affect pressure on the horse's face at trot
No full textInternational Law, Empire and Cyprus, 1878–1959
No full textThe chapter starts with a brief history of international law, focusing on the discipline’s colonial origins, the ‘civilising mission’ of global powers, and the rise of ‘imperial humanitarianism’ in the nineteenth century. These global events are juxtaposed with the impact they have had on Cypriot perceptions of identity during the island’s colonial period. It then proceeds with an introduction of the relevant international legal framework, distinguishing between the law on the prohibition of the use of force (jus ad bellum) and the law regulating conduct during armed hostilities (jus in bello). It closes with a legal-historical survey on Cyprus and the global decolonisation movement, the legal significance of the EOKA emergency in 1955, and the earliest instances of inter-communal violence
Systematic literature review of condition assessment of buried infrastructure: techniques and future directions
No full textPurpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic literature review of current techniques used in the condition assessment of buried infrastructure. Each of the existing methods suffers from certain pitfalls. For example, acoustic methods or geophysical techniques face significant challenges like noise interference and limited penetration, which hinder accurate assessment. This shortcoming necessitates that these techniques should be used in a complementary way and should be selected based on certain criteria to best suit the scenario. In view of this, the study aims to address the lack of integrated analysis of these techniques, offering new insights and a foundation for future advancements in underground utility management. Design/methodology/approach This study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) approach, analysing 64 papers on various techniques for mapping and assessing the condition of buried infrastructure. The research categorises these techniques based on environmental conditions and the materials of the buried structures, highlighting their practical applications, limitations, and the potential of digital twin technology. Findings The review identifies that while various methods are available for assessing buried infrastructure, each has its own advantages and limitations, often requiring a combination of techniques for effective condition assessment. The study also highlights the emerging role of digital twins and BIM in enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of underground infrastructure management. Originality/value The paper’s originality lies in its integrated analysis and comprehensive categorisation of condition assessment techniques for buried infrastructure. It provides significant value to researchers and practitioners by highlighting the practical applications, challenges, and future directions for digital technologies in this critical area of infrastructure management
EXPERIMENTAL DRUG DISCOVERY AND REPURPOSING VIA DRUGREP AND PYRX PREDICATED UPON THE GLIOBLASTOMA INfiLTRATIVE MARGIN
No full textAIMS The infiltrative margin of GBM, a critical region indicative of residual disease, can be identified using 5- aminolevulinic acid (5ALA). This facilitates the detection of differentially expressed genes which potentially predict GBM recurrence a priori. RNAseq analyses of resected tissue identified six genes (MRGPRX3, RENBP, SUN3, FOSL1, and KRT79, ZNF185) exhibiting high expression and conferring poor prognoses in 5ALA+ infil- trative margin, relative to 5ALA- subpopulations. We aimed to identify FDA-approved and experimental drugs, predicated upon these 5ALA+ gene targets. METHODS A bioinformatics approach leveraging DrugRep and PyRx analysed 3D crystallographic structures retrieved for each gene. Binding pockets with a volume ≥ 200 ų were subjected to screening against a library of FDA- approved and experimental drugs. For each gene and its corresponding binding pocket, drugs were filtered based on binding energy scores of ≤ -7 kcal/mol and rotatable bonds between 5-15. Shortlisted candidates were cross-referenced with small molecule databases and 2D ligand structures inputted into PyRx for molecular dock- ing. RESULTS DrugRep identified novel binding pockets for all six GBM infiltrative margin genes except KRT79. MRGPRX3 ex- hibited four binding pockets, with volumes ranging from 2613 to 427 ų, RENBP was found to have five binding pockets (1032 to 324 ų) and SUN3 contained three binding pockets (289 to 255 ų). Both FOSL1 and ZNF185 dis- played a single binding pocket (201 ų and 4668 ų respectively). All 14 binding pockets were screened against a library of FDA-approved drugs and experimental compounds, identifying >2,800 drugs, which are being further filtered to identify those with potential antiproliferative effects on 5ALA+ cells. CONCLUSION Expanding upon these analytical methods illustrates the power of computational molecular docking techniques to integrate diverse datasets, revealing promising avenues to identify therapeutics specifically targeting the GBM infiltrative margin
p70 S6 Kinase as a Potential Peripheral Biomarker for 16p11.2 Copy Number Variant-Associated Neurodevelopmental Syndromes
No full textAge differences in preference and memory for advertisements: the roles of advertisement type and product type
No full textPrevious research has examined how motivational goals influence decision-making in advertising for both older and younger adults, and the findings support the proposal of socioemotional selective theory (SST), which suggests that older adults pursue emotionally-meaningful goals. However, such studies are limited in providing cross-cultural evidence, and the relevance of health-related goals in the contribution to age differences in preference and memory is underexplored. This study aimed to fill those research gaps, and investigated preference and memory, in Chinese younger and older adults, for emotionally-meaning and knowledge-related advertisements, for functional and general food products. Young adults (115 aged 18-26) and older adults (113 aged 60-86) were asked to indicate their purchase intentions for products, their liking of advertisements, and their recall of the advertisements they had viewed. For general food products, older adults showed more intention to purchase, and also better recall for emotionally-meaningful advertisements compared with young adults. However, both old and young adults showed an increased preference and memory for knowledge-related advertisements for functional food products, and this effect was greater for the older adults. The findings indicate that any default in older adults to focus on emotionally meaning information can be overridden when product information is directly related to individual health benefits. Thus, the SST may only apply when there is no personal investment in the decision to be made and hence these findings challenge the influential SST in its traditional form
The impact of parental intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) on young adult relationships: a UK general population cohort study
Get PDFBackground
There is uncertainty about the extent to which parental intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) increases risk of IPVA in the next generation. We aimed to provide estimates for the relationship between IPVA among mothers, and IPVA in their children’s own relationships as young adults.
Methods
Using data from 3243 families from a UK birth cohort, we estimated risks of IPVA victimisation and perpetration among women and men aged 18–21 (a validated measure captured at age 21), according to mother’s IPVA victimisation status by age 18 (overall and separately for physical and psychological subtypes; a non-validated measure: 2–13 questions asked at ages 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 18).
Findings
Unadjusted relative risks (RR) for associations between maternal IPVA victimisation and subtypes of young adult IPVA ranged 0.91 to 1.54. There was a positive association between maternal psychological IPVA and subsequent victimisation among their children as young adult women (RR 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07 to 1.41), attenuating to the null after adjustment for prenatal maternal IPVA and socio-economic factors. The strongest adjusted association was between maternal physical IPVA and perpetration among men (RR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.00). Maternal physical IPVA accounted for 10% of perpetration cases among men (CI: 2% to 16%). Most of this 10% was represented by young adults from families who experienced both maternal IPVA victimisation and child maltreatment.
Interpretation
Interventions supporting young boys exposed to maternal physical IPVA could reduce risks of them using violence or abuse in their relationships. Services supporting families experiencing IPVA should consider co-occurring wider family adversity, which carried higher risk for intergenerational continuity of IPVA