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No full textAre human rights anarchic freedoms, permitting individuals absolute license to do and say whatever they want? If they ever were, have recent events, such as the covid crisis, reiterated the limitations on the exercise of personal freedoms? During the recent pandemic, individuals were obliged to wear a mask in public spaces. This was much less about protecting the mask wearer from contracting covid and much more about protecting others from catching the virus. The wearing of a mask was an obvious fetter on personal liberty, grounded in the mutual responsibility and duty of the ‘rights-holder’ and ‘rights-giver’. This chapter constitutes the introduction to the book, outlining its aims and objectives, as well as contextualising the originality of the work; the broad ideas of the book are situated within the recent covid pandemic, together with modern threats to collective wellbeing, such as neo-liberalism and globalisation
Non-exercise, home-based interventions for people living with dementia: commentary on a systematic review
Get PDFDementia is a neurological condition that is estimated to affect more than 55 million people globally. For people living with dementia, maintaining meaningful activity adds to quality of life, maintaining purpose and routine. The evidence for activity interventions that were home based, and did not focus on physical exercise, was unclear for persons living with dementia. A systematic review by Tan et al (2022) consolidated the evidence of effectiveness for such interventions, for both the person living with dementia and their carer. This commentary critically appraises the review and discusses the findings for health and social care professionals in dementia care
Learning from the lives and Deaths - People with a learning disability and autistic people (LeDeR) report for 2023 LeDeR 2023
No full textLearning from the lives and deaths - People with a learning disability and autistic people (LeDeR) report for 2023. The eighth annual report of 'Learning from lives and deaths - People with a learning disability and autistic people' (LeDeR) focuses on reviews of deaths of people with a learning disability and autistic people that occurred in 2023. Comparison data from reviews of deaths in 2021 to 2022 is used to identify trends over time. Introduced by a foreword from the 'Staying Alive and Well' group, the report explores the demographics of people who died, circumstances and causes of death, factors associated with age at death, deaths associated with ethnic group, deaths associated with level of learning disability and deaths associated with autism
Routine testing for group B streptococcus in pregnancy: protocol for a UK cluster randomised trial (GBS3)
Get PDFIntroduction: It is unclear whether routine testing of women for group B streptococcus (GBS) colonisation either in late pregnancy or during labour reduces early-onset neonatal sepsis, compared with a risk factor-based strategy. Methods and analysis: Cluster randomised trial. Sites and participants: 320 000 women from up to 80 hospital maternity units. Strategies: Sites will be randomised 1:1 to a routine testing strategy or the risk factor-based strategy, using a web-based minimisation algorithm. A second-level randomisation allocates routine testing sites to either antenatal enriched culture medium testing or intrapartum rapid testing. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis will be offered if a test is positive for GBS, or if a maternal risk factor for early-onset GBS infection in her baby is identified before or during labour. Economic and acceptability evaluations will be embedded within the trial design. Outcomes: The primary outcome is all-cause early (<7 days of birth) neonatal sepsis, defined as either a positive blood/cerebrospinal fluid culture, early neonatal death from infection or a negative/unknown culture status with ≥3 agreed clinical signs or symptoms, who receive intravenous antibiotics ≥5 days. All women giving birth ≥24 weeks’ gestation, regardless of mode of birth, and all her babies will be included in the dataset. Cost-effectiveness will be expressed in terms of incremental cost per case of early neonatal sepsis avoided and incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year associated with each strategy. Ethics and dissemination: The trial received a favourable opinion from Derby Research Ethics Committee on 16 September 2019 (19/EM/0253). The allocated testing strategy will be adopted as standard clinical practice by the site. Women in the routine testing sites will give verbal consent for the test. The trial will use routinely collected data retrieved from National Health Service databases, supplemented with limited participant-level collection of process outcomes. Individual written consent will not be sought. The trial results, and parallel economic, qualitative, implementation and methodological results, will be published in the journal Health Technology Assessment. Trial registration number: ISRCTN49639731
The Long-Term Brand Building Strategy of Emerging Brands with the Help of Sports Celebrity Endorsements and Social Media Marketing: Take CHAGEE as an Example
No full textThis research takes the emerging tea brand, CHAGEE, as an example to explore in depth its strategies for long-term brand building through sports star endorsements and social media marketing. The research finds that CHAGEE has successfully shaped a healthy and energetic brand image by choosing sports stars that highly align with its brand positioning as endorsers. It has further amplified the brand's communication effect by leveraging the interactivity and fun of social media platforms. Through data analysis, the sales growth of CHAGEE's co-branded products was significantly higher than that of its competitors, and the brand's loyalty and user engagement were also significantly enhanced. The research also proposes the practical application of the 4I theory in brand communication, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for emerging brands to utilize sports star endorsements and social media marketing. This research not only fills the research gap in this area for emerging brands but also offers new perspectives and methods for the field of brand building
Delphi study on the STRIDE algorithm for compression selection in upper-body lymphoedema
No full textBackground:
The original STRIDE algorithm covered lower-limb lymphoedema but not the upper body.
Aims:
To update the STRIDE algorithm for compression selection to treat lymphoedema of the upper limb, breast and trunk by achieving consensus on the definitions and importance of its six aspects.
Method:
Using a modified Delphi framework, clinical experts in the field ranked agreement and gave open-ended feedback over two rounds of surveys, with a >70% threshold for agreement.
Results:
In the first round, participants represented five continents (n=36). Characteristics that met the threshold consensus of >70% agreement were then applied to the STRIDE algorithm, and the second survey was developed. In the second round (n=22), the definitions of all elements of the STRIDE algorithm had at least 70% agreement or strong agreement. Shape and issues were the elements most often considered first in compression selection, while refill was least often considered first in selection.
Conclusions:
This Delphi study achieved consensus on the descriptions of the elements of the revised STRIDE algorithm for compression in upper-limb, breast and trunk lymphoedema. The STRIDE algorithm can now be used to make clinical decisions on selecting compression garments for the upper body
Fear Factor: A Scoping Study of the Role of Fear in News Media Management During Crises
No full textIn an era marked by fractured socio-political landscapes and escalating crises, the role of fear in news media management has become increasingly significant. This paper presents a scoping study on the manifestation and impact of fear within news media management processes during crises. The study systematically reviews 18 peer-reviewed articles using Scopus, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science databases to identify key themes and research gaps. Findings highlight the influence of internal and external fear factors on journalists’ professional autonomy, mental health, and organisational dynamics. The analysis also addresses manifestations and functions of fear during crises for news media management. The paper calls for expanded research across different media functions and contexts to better support media professionals and enhance news media management practices
‘We are the eyes and ears of the community’: reflections from social prescribing link workers during the real-world practice of a new community enhanced model
No full textSocial prescribing, or connecting people to valued community assets, is a key component of the UK’s health system. However, social prescribing research has inconsistent aims and outcomes, and there is limited data on the views of social prescribing professionals (‘link workers’) themselves. As part of a new model of Community-Enhanced Social Prescribing, this paper presents a co-created reflective case study developed by social prescribing link workers and researchers. The paper describes how link workers engaged with training on research in social prescribing, and used this as a platform to reflect upon key issues about their role. Themes from the discussion, which were grouped inductively based on principles of thematic analysis, encompassed: link working as a vocation; the complexity of the link worker role; how social prescribing is not a panacea; valuing social approaches to health; link working as shaped by organisational culture; and link worker training needs. The implications for Community-Enhanced Social Prescribing and social prescribing as a profession are discussed