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Influence of halogen elements in organic salts on n-type doping of CNT yarn for thermoelectric applications
Get PDF奈良先端科学技術大学院大学博士（工学）doctoral thesi
Comparison of First-Person and Third-Person Perspectives in Observation of Poses Using Virtual Reality
Get PDF奈良先端科学技術大学院大学修士(工学)master thesi
Predicting habitual water intake from lifestyle questions
No full textOBJECTIVE: Previous studies have used selective recall and descriptive dietary record methods, requiring considerable effort for assessing food and water intake. This study created a simplified lifestyle questionnaire to predict habitual water intake (SQW), accurately and quickly assessing the habitual water intake. We also evaluated the validity using descriptive dietary records as a cross-sectional study.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: First, we used crowdsourcing and machine learning to collect data, predict water intake records, and create questionnaires. We collected 305 lifestyle-related questions as predictor variables and selective recall methods for assessing water intake as an outcome variable. Random forests were used for the machine learning models because of their interpretability and accurate estimation. Random forest and single regression correlation analysis were augmented by the synthetic minority oversampling that trained the model. We separated the data by sex and evaluated our model using unseen hold-out testing data, predicting the individual and overall habitual water intake from various sources, including non-alcoholic beverages, alcohol, and food.
RESULTS: We found a 0.60 Spearman’s correlation coefficient for total water intake between the predicted and the selective recall method values, reflecting the target value to be achieved. This question set was then used for feasibility tests. The descriptive dietary record method helped to obtain a ground-truth value. We categorized the data by gender, season, and source: non-alcoholic beverages, alcohol, food, and total water intake, and the correlation was confirmed. Consequently, our results showed a Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.50 for total water intake between the predicted and the selective recall method values.
CONCLUSIONS: We hypothesize that dissemination of SQW can lead to better health management by easily determining the habitual water intake.journal articl
Ultra-high-field pharmacological functional MRI of dopamine D1 receptor-related interventions in anesthetized rats
No full textThe dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) is associated with schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Although the receptor is considered a therapeutic target for these diseases, its neurophysiological function has not been fully elucidated. Pharmacological functional MRI (phfMRI) has been used to evaluate regional brain hemodynamic changes induced by neurovascular coupling resulting from pharmacological interventions, thus phfMRI studies can be used to help understand the neurophysiological function of specific receptors. Herein, the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal changes associated with D1R action in anesthetized rats was investigated by using a preclinical ultra-high-field 11.7-T MRI scanner. PhfMRI was performed before and after administration of the D1-like receptor agonist (SKF82958), antagonist (SCH39166), or physiological saline subcutaneously. Compared to saline, the D1-agonist induced a BOLD signal increase in the striatum, thalamus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum. At the same time, the D1-antagonist reduced the BOLD signal in the striatum, thalamus, and cerebellum by evaluating temporal profiles. PhfMRI detected D1R-related BOLD signal changes in the brain regions associated with high expression of D1R. We also measured the early expression of c-fos at the mRNA level to evaluate the effects of SKF82958 and isoflurane anesthesia on neuronal activity. Regardless of the presence of isoflurane anesthesia, c-fos expression level was increased in the region where positive BOLD responses were observed with administration of SKF82958. These findings demonstrated that phfMRI could be used to identify the effects of direct D1 blockade on physiological brain functions and also for neurophysiological assessment of dopamine receptor functions in living animals.journal articl
プログラミング エンシュウ ニ オケル エラー ジドウ カイセツ ノ ユウヨウセイ ノ ヒョウカ
Get PDFプログラミングを学ぶ初学者の多くが直面する困難の 1 つが，コンパイル時や実行時にプログラム開発環境（演習環境）から提示されるエラーメッセージを理解し，それらエラーの原因を特定，修正することである．本研究では，初学者のエラー特定や修正作業の支援を目的として，コンパイラが標準で出力するエラーメッセージに加えて，エラーの原因となる情報を含む解説文を自動生成し提示する手法を提案する．提案手法では，英文として提示されるエラーメッセージと共に，初学者がコード記述を行う画面と同じ画面でその解説文を閲覧することができる．オンライン授業システム C2Room 上で提案手法を実装し，評価実験を行った．評価実験では，初学者により引き起こされるコンパイルエラーや実行時エラー，また，演習中に学生とティーチングアシスタント間でやり取りされた質問チャットなどを分析した．その結果，解説の提示でプログラミングに関する質問数の割合が減ることを確認した．technical repor
Benchmark of Deep Learning Visual and Far-Infrared Videos Toward Weather-tolerant Pedestrian Traffic Monitoring
Get PDFSidewalks should be developed and integrated into city planning for economic growth and livability. And it is necessary to obtain data on pedestrians. One type of pedestrian data, pedestrian counting, commonly uses visible and far-infrared cameras to detect and track people. However, it is not clear in which situations the number of pedestrians can be efficiently estimated from each video. In this study, we use visible and far-infrared videos captured on sidewalks to estimate the number of pedestrians. And we investigate the effects of various times and weather on the estimation accuracy. Experimental results showed that the head count accuracy decreased when using visible video at night and in the rain. When using far-infrared video, the accuracy of head count decreased in the range of 23°C-30°C of ambient temperature. This study revealed that in order to achieve a highly accurate head count throughout the day, it is necessary to change the video used depending on the time and ambient temperature or to use both types of video.conference pape
Single Crystal Growth with Flux Method and Local Structure Analysis around Fe Using X-ray Fluorescence Holography for Multiferroic Pb(Fe1/2Ta1/2)O3
No full textLead iron tantalate (PFT) is multiferroic material and has a complex perovskite structure. To analyze the local structure, we grew a PFT single crystal and applied X-ray fluorescence holography to the grown single crystal. We analyzed the temperature dependence of the first neighbor Pb atomic image around Fe and found that the atomic image intensity almost monotonically increased with decreasing temperature. This behavior is in marked contrast to the case of lead iron niobate, where the Pb atomic image intensity shows an abrupt decrease by cooling down below the magnetic transition temperature of about 150 K. This finding is discussed in relation to the energy gain of Ta and Nb due to the second order Jahn-Teller effect.journal articl
カシコウ エイゾウ ト エンセキガイセン エイゾウ ノ ユウゴウ ニヨル キショウ ヘンカ ノ エイキョウ オ サイショウカ シタ ホコウシャスウ スイテイ シュホウ ノ テイアン
Get PDF奈良先端科学技術大学院大学修士(工学)master thesi