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Creating a Safe Space: A Qualitative Study of Gay and Lesbian Experiences in Czech Schools
Full text linkGays and lesbians often feel unsafe in schools due to a homophobic environment. Many studies report that these students frequently experience bullying, discrimination, and homophobia in educational settings. These experiences can have significant negative effect on their well-being. Limited research has examined the perspectives of sexual minority individuals regarding their need for support in school settings, particularly in the context of the Czech Republic. To address this gap in the literature, an online questionnaire consisting of five open-ended questions was used to gather the ideas of gay and lesbian identified Czech individuals regarding their needs and suggestions for how schools can support sexual minorities. Thirty-eight participants, including twenty-four who identified as gay and fourteen who identified as lesbian, ranging in age from 16 to 25, responded to the questions. A constructivist grounded theory approach was used to analyze the participants’ responses. The findings indicated three main categories and seven subcategories, which outline the key elements of creating safe spaces in schools. The main categories are Understanding, Respect, and Support, each comprised of several subcategories. The first main category, Understanding, includes the subcategories Providing Sexual Diversity Education and Improving Teachers’ Understanding. The second main category, Respect, encompasses the subcategories respecting Autonomy and Privacy of sexual minorities. The third main category, Support, involves the subcategories Providing Information, Employing Specialists, and Making Selfhelp Groups. The findings are based on participants’ personal experiences, including their concerns when seeking help in schools and their actual experiences of effective or ineffective support from educators or school counselors. Suggestions for improving school environments are also provided. This research offers insight into the types of support that meet the needs of sexual minority youth in school settings and what an ideal outcome for schools as safe spaces looks like. Moreover, the findings are instructive for educational institutions aiming to improve their school climate for sexual minority students.departmental bulletin pape
日本語の文末助詞「ヨ」と中国語の文末助詞 “啊(a)” “哦(o)” の対応関係について
Full text linkSentence-final particles in Japanese and Chinese have diverse functions, which makes them challenging for learners to master. Additionally, there is no one-to-one correspondence between the sentence-final particles in Japanese and Chinese. This study reviews previous research and conducts a comparative analysis of the intonation and function of the Japanese sentence-final particle yo and those of the Chinese sentence-final particles a and o by using specific examples. This analysis clarifies the correspondences and characteristics of sentence-final particles in Japanese and Chinese, providing practical insights for translation and language learning. The study yields the following findings: First, regarding Japanese yo with the question-rise intonation, Chinese o with the rising intonation corresponds to three functions: "guide to action", "affection" and "request for permission". Chinese a with the rising intonation corresponds to the function of "request for permission". Additionally, regarding Japanese yo with the non-rising intonation, Chinese a with the rising intonation corresponds to the function of "blame on ignorance".departmental bulletin pape
ジェノサイド罪規定の履行に関する法的再検討 : ICTY判例，ICJの本案判決および仮保全措置命令を素材として
Full text linkSince World War II, crimes against humanity have been subject to punishment in accordance with the Nuremberg Principles. Genocide was punished as a crime against humanity in the Nuremberg Military Tribunal, and the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide of 1948 obligates states to prevent and punish genocide. In 2007, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled that Serbia was responsible for the violations of the Convention, but it did not award monetary compensation finding that Serbia was not complicit with the Serb militias. Recently, the ICJ ordered provisional measures against Myanmar and Israel on suspicion of Convention violations without determining whether actual violations occurred. Genocide is triable at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), and the International Criminal Court (ICC); indeed, in 2003, the ICTY found Radislav Krstić complicit in genocide, and more recently found Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić to be principal offenders. However, the ICTY’s method for determining intent to destroy an ethnical group makes it difficult to recognize intent in anyone other than the principal offender. Thus, the ICC seeks to prosecute as principal offenders top-level perpetrators for their role in orchestrating genocide from within the state apparatus, but such prosecutions face high barriers.departmental bulletin pape
『言葉と物』第二部に見る近代思想の展開（下2） : 第九章第7節～第8節
Full text linkLe présent article, publié en quatre fois, examine l’analyse du développement de la pensée moderne présentée par Foucault dans Les mots et les choses. Cette quatrième et dernière partie est consacrée aux sections 7 et 8 du chapitre IX. Dans les parties précédentes de notre article, nous avions relevé quelques énoncés foucaldiens se rapportant à la pensée moderne européenne. (1) La pensée moderne se caractérise par l’analyse de la finitude de l’homme (Chapitre IX, Section 3). (2) L’expérience vécue montre que le transcendantal répète l’empirique en conservant l’identité de l’homme (Section 4). (3) L’homme ne peut plus se donner dans la transparence d’un cogito cartésien. Le cogito moderne remet en cause la relation entre la pensée et l’impensé. (Section 5). (4) L’origine des choses apparaît toujours « reculée ». La pensée en vient donc à poser l’origine comme retour ou répétition (Section 6). Dans la présente partie, nous continuons à suivre les raisonnements de Foucault. Selon lui, (1) l’analyse de la finitude et (2, 3 et 4) les réflexions sur le redoublement empirico-transcendantal, l’impensé et l’origine succèdent à la théorie générale du langage ou de la représentation de l’époque classique. Ces considérations se situent dans les positivités, tandis que la théorie du langage se situait dans la sphère générale de la représentation. D’autre part, Foucault considère que la pensée moderne vise toujours à une pensée du Même, qui assimile le transcendantal, l’impensé et l’origine (Chapitre IX, Section 7 : « Le discours et l’être de l’homme »). Toutefois Foucault met en doute l’idée selon laquelle, à l’époque moderne, l’être propre de l’homme conserve toujours son identité. Il envisage un abandon de cette idée ainsi que la venue d’un nouveau mode de pensée (Chapitre IX, Section 8 : « Le sommeil anthropologique »).departmental bulletin pape
漢文注から見た世尊寺本『字鏡』の成立
Full text linkThe Sesonji Manuscript Jikyō is a Chinese-Japanese dictionary with radical classification, and is estimated to have been established in the Kamakura period (1185–1333).There are a number of hypotheses regarding the establishment of the Jikyō. All of them point to a connection between the Shinsen-jikyō and the JikyōSho Mumeijisyo.However, there is still room to examine the role of the Shinsen-jikyō and the JikyōSho Mumeijisyo in the formation of the Jikyō. In order to clarify this issue, it is necessary to examine not only both of them, but also the Zushoryo Manuscript of Ruiju Myōgi shō and Kanchi’inbon Ruiju Myōgi shō, which were established in the same period.Furthermore, it is also necessary to examine Yiqiejingyinyi, which is used as a basic source for ancient dictionaries of the Heian period. In order to collate these dictionaries, it is necessary to extract the contents described in Chinese characters. In this paper, the contents written in Chinese characters are called “Chinese Commentary”.In addition, the radicals that can be collated will be the object of study. The five radicals are: 足篇, 心篇, 忄篇, 衣篇, and 巾篇.The relationship between these five radicals will be examined based on the notes in the Chinese texts of the various books. By doing so, I will discuss the formation and characteristics of Jikyō.departmental bulletin pape
飛行操縦訓練生が体験した職務上の危機とレジリエンスを導いた要因に関する一研究
Full text linkIn this study, we have focused on JASDF officers who have had flight training to investigate crises that occur in the process of technical training necessary to acquire specialized knowledge and skills and factors that have contributed to recovery from those crises. The investigation shows the following results: the majority of the incidents that are regarded as crises are related to acquisition of the technical skills; the countermeasures against those crises are not specific but general used in their daily lives but pilot trainees need to take those proactive and deliberate actions to overcome the crises because of their constrained lives; factors of on-the-job crises pilots, who completed the flight training courses, have experienced are remarkably similar to reasons why pilot trainees who could not complete the courses gave up the training; and whether they can maintain the will to finish the courses or not causes the difference between them.departmental bulletin pape
