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Vibration quenching device using Hula-Hoop and displacement magnification mechanism composed by pate spring and rigid column
Get PDFThis paper deals with the vibration quenching problem of the single-degree-of-freedom system with a limited power supply. This system is forced by the centrifugal force of rotating unbalance, and the system is quenched using a Hula-Hoop and displacement magnification mechanism even if the displacement of the main system is small. The vibration quenching of the system are studied from the numerical integration of the equation of motion obtained using
Lagrange equation and the experiment. Following was made clear: (1) By using plate springs and rigid column, the displacement of the Hula-Hoop support can be greatly enlarged, and it was proved that vibration quenching is possible even when the displacement amplitude of the main system is small. (2) Although the system becomes
two-degree-of-freedom system by the proposed displacement magnification mechanism, by designing so that the second resonance frequency becomes high, it is possible to widen the frequency range where vibration can be quenched. (3) The characteristics of the solutions obtained by the numerical integration method coincide with those of
the results obtained by the experiment
Incremental Shuttle Walk Distance as an Indicator for Functional Exercise Capacity of Pre-Surgical Patients with Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease
Get PDFThe incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTMLD) is increasing worldwide, the number of lung surgeries is increasing accordingly. The disease is progressive and is characterized by exertional intolerance, respiratory dysfunctions, and impaired health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Treatment comprises multidrug antibiotic treatment combined with lung resection. The incremental shuttle walk distance (ISWD) is a standard tool for assessing the patients' tolerance to lung resection. The exertional tolerance, physical functions and HRQOL among pre-surgical patients with NTMLD are clinically important, but not fully studied yet from the viewpoint of physiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical significance of ISWD for assessing the exercise capacity of pre-surgical patients with NTMLD. For peripheral muscle evaluation, the strength of the quadriceps femoris muscle was measured. HRQOL was evaluated using scores of the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Thirty-three patients (mean age 54.9 ± 13 years) were enrolled. The mean ISWD was 505 ± 134 m, shorter than the reference values (ISWD %predicted: 96 ± 27%). Regression analysis showed significant associations between ISWD and percent-predicted vital capacity (r = 0.38, p = 0.03) and percent quadriceps force/body weight (r = 0.54, p = 0.001). HRQOL assessed by SGRQ scores was correlated with ISWD (r < -0.4, p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that ISWD was significantly associated with leg muscle strength and with HRQOL. In conclusion, ISWD is useful to evaluate the exercise capacity among pre-surgical patients with NTML
Naldemedine-induced Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome in a Patient with Breast Cancer without Brain Metastasis
Get PDFOpioid-induced-constipation (OIC) can be treated by naldemedine and other peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonists (PAMORA) via a novel mechanism. We describe the case of a 52-year-old female outpatient who developed OIC while receiving oxycodone for pain due to cancer with multiple bone metastases. Although she did not have brain metastasis, opioid withdrawal syndrome (OWS) developed after taking naldemedine orally. Her Clinical Opiate-Withdrawal Score (COWS) was 19 (moderate symptoms). However, she recovered from OWS on intravenous fentanyl and a continuous infusion of oxycodone. She did not develop OWS thereafter and was discharged two days after recovery
非虚血性心筋症患者における多価不飽和脂肪酸と運動耐容能の検討
No full textObjective: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are associated with heart failure (HF) as well as coronary artery disease. However, little is known about the relationships between PUFAs and the exercise responses of patients with HF. We evaluated the relationships between PUFAs and the parameters of cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPETs) in patients with non-ischemic HF. Methods: Fifty patients with stable non-ischemic HF underwent CPETs at our hospital. Data were analyzed to evaluate the relationships between PUFAs and echocardiographic findings as well as CPET and other test parameters. Results: Correlations were significant and negative between dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) + arachidonic acid (AA) and minute ventilation versus carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2) slope, and positive between N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and VE/VCO2 slope. A multivariate regression analysis selected DGLA+AA and AA as independent predictors of VE/VCO2 slope. However, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were not significantly correlated with the CPET parameters. Conclusion: Low levels of circulating DGLA+AA and AA among PUFAs were associated with decreased exercise responses in patients with stable non-ischemic HF. These findings suggest that high levels of omega-6 PUFAs may improve the clinical outcomes of patients with non-ischemic HF via their effects on exercise responses.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1208号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月4日Author: Seiya Izumida, Hiroaki Kawano, Takahiro Muroya, Tetsufumi Motokawa, Ryohei Akashi, Tsuyoshi Yonekura, Yosuke Morimoto, Yudai Yano, Satoshi Ikeda and Koji MaemuraCitation: Internal Medicine, 58(22), pp.3219-3225; 201
Numerical Investigation of a Foundation Pit Supported by a Composite Soil Nailing Structure
Get PDFIn special geology conditions such as silt-soil, foundation pits are prone to instability and severe deformation. In this paper, a composite soil nailing structure was studied and its effect on a silt-soil symmetrical foundation pit investigated. The factors affecting the stability of the pit as well as its deformation characteristics were also explored. The results show that excavation depth of the foundation pit has a significant impact on its stability. The soil outside the foundation pit is in the form of a parabola, and the uplift of the soil mainly occurs at the bottom. The horizontal displacement of soil on the side wall of the foundation pit presents a "bulk belly" form. In addition, the axial force of soil nails is larger in the middle part, and smaller at both ends in the shape of a spindle. Moreover, the horizontal displacement is positively correlated with the inclination and spacing of the soil nails, but negatively correlated with the diameter and depth of the mixing pile inlay. Furthermore, the inclination and spacing of the soil nails, the diameter, and embedded depth of the mixing pile have their own critical values for stability of the foundation pit. Specifically, in this paper, with respect to soil nails, inclination should be below 30° and prestress value should not exceed 20 kN. With respect to the mixing pile, the diameter should be less than 1.5 m; when the embedded depth of the mixing pile exceeds the critical depth, the limiting effect of the mixing pile on horizontal displacement is not significant. This research provides important takeaways for the design of a composite soil nailing structure for symmetrical foundation pits
高位脛骨骨切り術と脛骨顆外反骨切り術のX線学的特徴の比較
No full textBackground: The purpose of this study was to compare radiological features between high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and tibial condylar valgus osteotomy (TCVO), in order to define the radiological indication criteria for TCVO.
Methods: Thirty-two cases involving 35 knees that had undergone HTO and the same number that had undergone TCVO for knee osteoarthritis were retrospectively evaluated. Characteristics of both groups did not differ significantly. Lower limb alignment, bone morphology, joint congruity, and joint instability were measured in standing full-length leg and knee radiographs obtained before and after surgery. Results: Radiological features in the TCVO group included greater frequencies of advanced knee OA grade, varus lower limb malalignment, depression of the medial tibial plateau, and varus-valgus joint instability compared to the HTO group before surgery. However, tibial morphology, alignment of the lower limb, and joint instability improved to comparable levels after surgery in both groups.
Conclusions: TCVO appears preferable in cases with advanced knee OA, destroyed or inclined medial tibial plateau, widened and subluxated lateral joint, and high varus-valgus joint instability.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1230号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月19
Evolutionary dynamics of influenza B strains detected from paediatric acute respiratory infections in central Vietnam
Get PDFInfluenza virus B belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae with segmented negative-sense RNA genomes. Since 1970s, influenza B has diverged intoVictoria and Yamagata, which differs in antigenic and evolutionary characteristics. Yet, molecular-epidemiological information of influenza B from developing nations is limited. In central Vietnam, influenza A subtype-specific circulation pattern and clinical characteristics were previously described. However, molecular evolutionary characteristics of influenza B has not been discussed to date. We utilized the influenza B positives obtained from paediatric ARI surveillance during 2007–2013. Influenza B HA and NA genes were amplified, sequenced, and phylogenetic/molecular evolutionary analysis was performed using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian MCMC. Phylodynamics analysis was performed with Bayesian Skyline Plot (BSP). Furthermore, we performed selection pressure analysis and estimated N-glycosylation sites. In the current study, overall positive rate for influenza B was 3.0%, and Victoria lineage immediately became predominant in post-A/H1N1pdm09 period. The noticeable shift in Victoria lineage WHO Group occurred. With respect to the evolutionary rate (substitutions/site/year), Victoria lineage HA gene was evolving faster than Yamagata lineage (2.43 × 10−3 vs 2.00 × 10−3). Furthermore, the evolutionary rate of Victoria Group 5 was greater than Group 1. BSP presented the rapid growth in Effective Population Size (EPS) of Victoria lineage occurred soon after the 1st A/H1N1pdm09 case was detected whereas the EPS of Yamagata lineage was stable for both genes. N-glycosylation pattern between lineages and among WHO Groups were slightly different, and HA gene had a total of 6 amino acid substitutions under positive section pressure (4 for Victoria and 2 for Yamagata). The current results highlight the importance of Victoria lineage in post-A/H1N1pdm09 period. Difference in evolutionary characteristics and phylodynamics may indicate lineage and WHO Group-specific evolutionary dynamics. It is necessary to further continue the molecular-epidemiological surveillance in local setting to gain a better understanding of local evolutionary characteristics of influenza B strains
The EU and China’s Strategies in Central Asia: Focus on Energy and Transport
Get PDFIn 1991, there was a turning point in world history - the collapse of the Soviet Union and the emergence of newly independent states. Soon after the establishment of diplomatic relations between Central Asian states and the European Union, the EU has been the most active actor in Central Asia, especially in Kazakhstan. The EU is a main trading partner of Kazakhstan and a major source of investments. Nevertheless, the EU’s strategy has been barely visible in Central Asia that is unknown to the general public and has much greater ambitions that it actually can deliver. In contrast, China’s Central Asia strategy is more focused based on regular interactions between China’s and Central Asian representatives, the state authorities, and experts and analysts. Moreover, China’s strategy has a bilateral approach towards the region rather than a general dialogue with the whole region. By examining
both countries’ strategies in Central Asia, this research note aims to identify and analyze what actions will the EU and China take in order to gain access to the region’s energy resources and to strengthen their influence in the region
