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Recent Topics in Chemistry Researches by High School Students: Focusing on Recycles
No full text全国の高校生によって発表された最近の化学研究テーマは従来の枠組みの区分には収まらない多様なものが増加する傾向にある．高校化学で学ばれることになる新たな項目「化学が果たす役割」に適合しうる先端的なテーマがある一方で，プラスチック（合成高分子）の再利用をテーマとしたものはほとんど見当たらなかった
喫煙は小胞体ストレスを惹起し、RhoAの活性化を介してefferocytosisを抑制する
No full text長崎大学学位論文 [学位記番号]博（医歯薬）甲第1295号 [学位授与年月日]令和2年12月2
ネズミマラリア原虫Plasmodium yoeliiの新規シュードキナーゼPypPK1は赤血球侵入及びexflagellation center形成に関与する
No full textMalaria parasites proliferate by repeated invasion of and multiplication within erythrocytes in the vertebrate host. Sexually committed intraerythrocytic parasites undergo sexual stage differentiation to become gametocytes. After ingestion by the mosquito, male and female gametocytes egress from erythrocytes and fertilize within the mosquito midgut. A complex signaling pathway likely responds to environmental events to trigger gametogenesis and regulate fertilization; however, such knowledge remains limited for malaria parasites. Several pseudokinases are highly transcribed at the gametocyte stage and are possible multi-functional regulators controlling critical steps of the life cycle. Here we characterized one pseudokinase, termed PypPK1, in Plasmodium yoelii that is highly expressed in schizonts and male gametocytes. Immunofluorescence assays for parasites expressing Myc-tagged PypPK1 confirmed that PypPK1 protein is expressed in schizonts and sexual stage parasites. Transgenic ΔpPK1 parasites, in which the PypPK1 gene locus was deleted by the CRISPR/Cas9 method, showed significant growth defect and reduced virulence in mice. In the blood stage, ΔpPK1 parasites were able to egress from erythrocytes similar to wild type parasites; however, erythrocyte invasion efficacy was significantly reduced. During sexual stage development, no clear changes were seen in male and female gametocytemias as well as gametocyte egress from erythrocytes; but, the number of exflagellation centers and oocysts were significantly reduced in ΔpPK1 parasites. Taken together, PypPK1 has an important role for both erythrocyte invasion and exflagellation center formation.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1237号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月19日Author: Takahiro Ishizaki, Nattawat Chaiyawong, Hassan Hakimi, Masahito Asada, Mayumi Tachibana, Tomoko Ishino, Kazuhide Yahata, Osamu KanekoCitation: Parasitology International, 76, art.no.102056; 202
Counterturn-of-Faith and Manifest in Translation: Haruki Murakami’s Translation of Breakfast at Tiffany’s
Get PDFHaruki Murakami, a Japanese writer, is also a well-known translator in Japan. He has rendered several modern American novels into Japanese. His translations are very readable. However, they betray the reader in a sense because he tends to domesticate facts. Hence, the more faithfully he translates an original text, the more it contains local Japanese contexts. The translated novel is more inclined to represent Japanese society than American culture. This tendency becomes clear when Murakami’s rendition of Truman Capote’s Breakfast at Tiffany’s is compared to Naotarō Takiguchi’s version from the perspectives of translation style and methods. An examination of Murakami’s translation of Breakfast at Tiffany’s yields the discovery that rather than the 1940s New
York setting of the original text, Murakami’s Tiffany’s represents Japanese society, particularly the lifestyle of post-bubble economy Tokyo
Archaeological sites and Ceramics in the East Africa (II)
Get PDFIn 2019, the author surveyed the archaeological ruins in Tanzania and Kenya to research on ceramic trade between East Africa and Asia. In 9-10th centuries Chinese ceramics were imported to East Africa by the Indian Ocean trade. And with the
development of the Swahili cities, the ceramic trade flourished. A lot of Chinese porcelain such as celadon, white porcelain, blue and white were imported. The ceramic trade had continued under control of Portugal and Oman in 16-19th centuries, too. The author discusses on three themes showing ceramics found in archaeological ruins in East Africa. The first theme is on the origin of the pillar tombs and the second is on trade of Hizen porcelain in East Africa. And the third theme is on the spreading of Chinese porcelains under control of Oman in 18-19th centuries
An open-label continuation trial of tocilizumab for familial Mediterranean fever with colchicine ineffective or intolerance
No full textBackground:Colchicine is the first-line treatment for familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), but secondary amyloidosis resulting from persistent inflammation is a concern in patients with colchicine-resistant or colchicine-intolerant FMF. Although tocilizumab (TCZ), which is a recombinant, humanized, anti-human interleukin 6 receptor monoclonal antibody, has been reported to prevent FMF attacks, the long-term safety and efficacy of TCZ on individuals with colchicine-resistant or colchicine-intolerant FMF have not been evaluated.Methods/design:In this investigator-initiated, multicenter, open-label trial, the long-term safety of TCZ will be evaluated in patients participating in a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial on colchicine-resistant or colchicine-intolerant FMF. The study will be conducted in 9 centers in Japan. After the evaluation and examination for 24 weeks in the preceding study, this trial will be started promptly. The trial will be completed by the time the drug is approved for FMF treatment in Japan. The primary endpoint is the incidence of adverse events, and the secondary endpoints include the number of FMF attacks, number of occurrences of accompanying symptoms during attacks, serum C-reactive protein and amyloid A levels, general evaluation by a physician (100mm visual analog scale [VAS]), general evaluation by a patient (100mm VAS), and body temperature.Discussion:The study is expected to obtain evidence regarding the long-term safety of TCZ as a potential new therapeutic agent for patients with colchicine-resistant or colchicine-intolerant FMF.Trial registration:This study was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr-e/ctr-view.cgi?recptno=R000037116) as UMIN000032557 on May 30 2018
The preoperative thyroid function and perioperative course in patients with Graves' disease
Get PDFGraves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that induces increase in thyroid hormone production and release. Although euthyroid
should be desirable to ensure a safe operation, some patients still undergo thyroidectomy with hyperthyroidism. The aim
of this study was to evaluate our preoperative strategies in patients with Graves' disease. A total of 186 patients underwent thyroidectomy for Graves' disease between 2003 and 2017. We gave all of these patients potassium iodide (KI) in order to
decrease their thyroid hormone levels. We compared the clinical factors among three groups defined by the value of serum
free triiodothyronine (FT3) after the administration of KI: (1) the good control group (n=126) with ≤6.0 pg/mL, (2) the fair control group (n=35) with >6.0 but ≤10.0 pg/mL, and (3) the poor control group (n=25) with >10.0 pg/mL. KI decreased the serum
levels of thyroid hormone. However, some patients still had hyperthyroidism, and the subsequent administration of corticosteroid
reduced FT3 but not thyroxine. Regarding the intraoperative course, the heart rate at 1 h after beginning general anesthesia
was higher in the poor control group than in the good control group (p<0.05), and the proportion of patients given
adrenergic beta-blocker was higher in the poor control group than in the other groups (p<0.01 each). One patient in the fair
control group experienced suspected thyroid storm after total thyroidectomy. The occurrence rate of other deteriorations was
identical among the three groups. With preparative KI and corticosteroid administration, almost all patients with Graves' disease were able to undergo thyroidectomy safely
Coincidental detection of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the inner inguinal lymph node of a woman undergoing laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection for uterine endometrial cancer
Get PDFSimultaneous occurrence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and solid carcinomas, such as colon, lung, and breast cancers,is relatively rare. We report a case of coincidental detection of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the inner inguinal lymph node of a patient with uterine endometrial cancer FIGO stage IA. The patient was a 69-year-old woman and she visited a primary care doctor presenting with increased vaginal discharge. She was diagnosed as having uterine endometrial carcinoma. Laparoscopic hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and pelvic lymph node dissection were performed. The final pathologic examination revealed uterine endometrial carcinoma (endometrioid carcinoma grade 1) and DLBCL was detected in
the inner inguinal lymph node. No other malignant lymphoma legions were detected by positron emission tomography-computed
tomography (PET-CT). She was diagnosed as having uterine endometrial carcinoma FIGO stage IA (pT1apN0pM0) and malignant lymphoma stage I according to the Ann Arbor clinical staging system. She was treated with six cycles of chemotherapy comprising rituximab, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) for the malignant lymphoma. The patient remains in complete remission 8 months after completing chemotherapy