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UV-Vis Reflection Spectrum of Long-Jawed Orb Weaver Leucauge blanda (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) and Ecology of Spiders from Autumn to Winter in Nagasaki
Get PDFSome spiders were easily observed on the campus of Nagasaki University from autumn to winter such as Argiope bruennichi, Thomisus labefactus, Cyclosa confuse, Hasarius adansoni, Argyrodes bonadea, and Leucauge blanda. The spiders that could be found in the field even in winter, outside of the period in which adults are expected to appear by literature, had white, silver, and golden parts of the body surface. The case that the crab spider T. labefactus preyed A. bruennichi in its center of the web is considered to be unique. UV-vis spectrum of L. blanda was measured and shown that the body had gold and yellow parts
Numerical investigation on the shear behavior of rock-like materials containing fissure-holes with FEM-CZM method
No full textHoles, including their shape and distribution, significantly affect the performance in rocks. In this paper, a numerical investigation, based on a FEM-CZM method, was developed to explore the shear behavior of rock-like materials containing fissure-holes. The laboratory uniaxial compression test was initially performed, and a corresponding numerical model was established by inserting zero-thickness cohesive elements into finite elements globally, the mechanical parameters were acquired by parameter trial and error tests. Subsequently, numerical direct shear tests were conducted under the constant normal stress level. Finally, the mechanical properties, shear deformation, and cracking behaviors were respectively discussed. The results show that for rock-like materials containing fissure-holes, the shearing process can be divided into four typical stages from the perspective of the cohesive elements. In addition, the mechanical characteristics (i.e., peak shear strength, residual shear strength, and crack initiation stress), shear deformation, and cracking behaviors (i.e., crack initiation, propagation, and coalescence), as well as the coalescence mechanism strongly depend on the shape, ligament angle, and the combination of fissure-holes. Furthermore, based on the damaged cohesive elements, the rock bridge coalescence modes between two fissure-holes were identified as “DT” (dominated by tensile damage), “T” (tensile damage), and “S + T” (shear and tensile damage), respectively
Clinical, Virological, and Cytokine Profiles of Children Infected with Dengue Virus during the Outbreak in Southern Vietnam in 2017
No full textDengue virus (DENV) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Vietnam, and the incidence is higher and more consistent in the southern part of the country. This study investigated the circulation of DENV serotypes, viremia levels, immunological status, and cytokine levels, with disease severities among children infected in 2017 in Ho Chi Minh City, Southern Vietnam. Acute and convalescent serum samples were collected from clinically diagnosed dengue children. They were confirmed to have DENV infection by NS1 antigen, IgM and IgG ELISAs, virus isolation, and conventional and real-time RT-PCR. Measurement of 10 cytokine levels was performed in the serum samples. All the children were dengue IgM positive; 28% and 72% of them had primary and secondary DENV infections, respectively, whereas 54% of those with secondary infection were children with dengue with warning signs and with severe dengue. Any or mixed infection of the four serotypes of DENV RNA was detected in 58 children. Twenty DENV strains (DENV-1 = 16 and DENV-4 = 4) were isolated. Levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-10, and IL-6 were significantly higher in severe dengue cases. We report the predominance of DENV-1 over other serotypes in the 2017 dengue outbreak in Southern Vietnam. Our data showed that cytokine expressions were correlated with dengue pathogenesis and may help in identifying an effective therapeutic strategy
Complete genome analysis and characterization of neurotropic dengue virus 2 cosmopolitan genotype isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of encephalitis patients
Get PDFDengue virus (DENV) infection remains a major public health concern in many parts of the world, including Southeast Asia and the Americas. Sri Lanka experienced its largest dengue outbreak in 2017. Neurological symptoms associated with DENV infection have increasingly been reported in both children and adults. Here, we characterize DENV type 2 (DENV-2) strains, which were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or serum of patients with dengue encephalitis. Acute serum and CSF samples from each patient were subjected to dengue-specific non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen test, IgM and IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), virus isolation, conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Among the 5 dengue encephalitis patients examined, 4 recovered and 1 died. DENV-2 strains were isolated from serum and/or CSF samples of 3 patients. The highest viral genome levels were detected in the CSF and serum of the patient who succumbed to the illness. A phylogenetic tree revealed that the DENV-2 isolates belonged to a new clade of cosmopolitan genotype and were genetically close to strains identified in China, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. According to the NGS analysis, greater frequencies of nonsynonymous and synonymous mutations per gene were identified in the nonstructural genes. The full genomes of serum- and CSF-derived DENV-2 from the same patient shared 99.7% similarity, indicating that the virus spread across the blood-brain barrier. This is the first report to describe neurotropic DENV-2 using whole-genome analysis and to provide the clinical, immunological, and virological characteristics of dengue encephalitis patients during a severe dengue outbreak in Sri Lanka in 2017
Comparison of the approach in “The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra”－From the concerts of foreign orchestras for the children－
Get PDF長崎大学教育学部紀要：教科教育学 通巻 第60号（Bulletin of Faculty of Education, Nagasaki University: Curriculum and Teaching, Vol.60
競泳選手および柔道選手におけるBDNF Val66Met 多型分布の特徴
No full textStudies have demonstrated that motivation, aggression, excitation intensity, competitive spirit, and tolerance to psychological stress are included in major psychological factors affecting the performance of athletes. However, to date, there have not been sufficient scientific studies on the relationship between genetic polymorphisms affecting psychological abilities and competitive strength/sport. In this study, we compared the distribution of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphism (Val66Met) in athletes between competitive swimming, which needs closed skill without opponents, and judo, which needs open skill with opponents, in order to investigate the genetic basis of sports performance and related psychological factors. The results showed that the prevalence of Met carriers of the BDNF polymorphism associated with vulnerability to psychological stress was lower in judo players, suggesting that judo athletes had a higher stress tolerance. In addition, the prevalence of the BDNF heterozygous group was higher in competitive swimmers, supporting the hypothesis that closed skill sports without opponents receive less stress than open skill sports with opponents, furthre suggesting that they are excellent in motor control and motor learning.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1251号 学位授与年月日:令和2年6月3
Anion-mediated encapsulation-induced emission enhancement of an IrIII complex within a resorcin[4]arene hexameric capsule
No full textUnderstanding of encapsulation processes in confined inner spaces of self-assembled hosts is important for the rational creation of supramolecular systems showing unusual reactivities and physical properties through molecular recognition. Herein we report the formation of luminescent supramolecular host-guest complexes consisting of a hydrogen-bonded resorcin[4]arene hexameric capsule and a variety of emissive Ir complex salts. The Ir complexes, accompanied by small counter anions (Cl-, Br-, NO2-, I- and NO3-), are trapped effectively to show large encapsulation-induced emission enhancement (EIEE) behavior, while Ir complexes having large counter anions (ClO4-, PF6- and OTf-) are not stabilized within the capsule, suggesting that the Ir complex cation is trapped together with its counter anion to form an ion-pair in the capsule. Hydrogen-bonding capabilities of the counter anions also contribute to stabilize host-guest association, because the counter anions trapped within the capsule were in contact with the hydrophilic surfaces of the capsule
Distribution and genetic variability of young-of-the-year greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) in the East China Sea
Get PDFWe examined the distribution and genetic variability of the greater amberjack Seriola dumerili in the East China Sea (ECS) from the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region of young-of-the-year (YOY) individuals, which may reflect the genetic characteristics of the spawning population. In the years 2016 and 2017, a total of 165 YOY S. dumerili were collected from two different locations in the ECS: the southern part of the ECS, and western Japanese coast. The spawning period was estimated using otolith daily increments from a total of 67 larvae and juveniles collected in the ECS. Results from size and age distribution indicated that S. dumerili spawned near the shelf break region in the southern ECS from January to April. Phylogenetic analysis based on mtDNA sequence data showed no significant genetic differentiation among samples collected from different locations, implying S. dumerili in the ECS is mainly composed of one population. S. dumerili around the Japanese coast may be originated from the southern ECS
Comparison of complete renal response and mortality in early- and late-onset lupus nephritis: a multicenter retrospective study of a Japanese cohort
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Most patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) progress to lupus nephritis (LN) within 5 years of their SLE diagnosis, although it is not uncommon for LN to develop at later time points. Here we evaluated the clinical features of early- and late-onset LN. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 184 of the 201 patients who underwent a renal biopsy at Nagasaki University Hospital and associated community hospitals between 1990 and 2016 and were diagnosed as having LN. Early onset was defined as the development of LN within the first 5 years after the patient's SLE diagnosis, and late onset was defined as LN development > 5 years post-diagnosis. We analyzed the complete renal response (CR) at 6 and 12 months after induction therapy, the classification of renal pathology, and the mortality of the early- and late-onset LN groups. RESULTS: The mean follow-up duration after the renal biopsy was 123 ± 85 months. There were 113 (61.4%) early-onset patients and 71 (38.6%) late-onset patients. A multivariate analysis revealed that the following factors were predictive of CR: at 6 months: female sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31-11.77, p = 0.010), proteinuria (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.71-0.97, p = 0.009), index of activity (0-24) (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70-0.99, p = 0.030), and early-onset LN (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.15-4.98, p = 0.018); at 12 months: female sex (OR 3.60, 95% CI 1.32-9.83, p = 0.013), mixed LN (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.04-0.80, p = 0.024), index of activity (0-24) (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.68-0.94, p = 0.007), and early-onset LN (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.05-4.23, p = 0.035). In a Cox proportional hazards and Fine-Gray regression model, the early-onset LN group had a significantly better mortality rate than the late-onset LN group (p = 0.038 and p = 0.043, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort, early-onset LN was a better predictor of CR at 6 and 12 months than late-onset LN. Our results suggest that early-onset LN patients had lower mortality than late-onset LN patients