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KANDA Takahira's Idea about Local-Government-System Reform in the Early Meiji Era
No full textKANDA Takahira (1830-98) served as Hyogo Kenrei (governor of Hyogo Prefecture) from 1871 to 1876. During his tenure, he worked on establishing local councils and developing the prefeeture's infrastructure. These achievements were highly appreciated, and he at the time, was considered one of the most famous governors. However, previous studies do not mentioned KANDA's idea of a local government system before he took the office at governor. To fill in the missing pieces of historical of studies, this paper consider‘KANDA Takahira Kengen’ (Opinion on Local-Government-System Reform) and clarifies his ideas about local government reform and his influence in founding the MINBU-KAN during the Early Meiji Era.松本睦樹教授定年退職記念号In Honour of Prof. Mutuki Matumot
γ-グルタミルトランスペプチダーゼ活性検出蛍光プローブを活用したヘリコバクター・ピロリ感染診断のための新規検査法の検討
No full textA γ-glutamyl hydroxymethyl rhodamine green probe (gGlu-HMRG) reacts with γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and immediately produces fluorescence, is clinically applied for realtime cancers' visualization. Since Helicobacter pylori produces GGT, this study aimed to investigate
whether gGlu-HMRG can be used to detect H. pylori infections. A wild-type H. pylori strain and the ggt gene-disrupted mutant were cultured and treated with gGlu-HMRG. This fluorescent probe assay was used to quantify GGT activity of H. pylori ex vivo using gastric biopsy specimens. The H. pylori diagnostic capabilities of the assay were determined from altered fluorescence intensity (FI) values at 5 min (FIV-5) and 15 minutes (FIV-15). Distinct fluorescence was identified in wild H. pylori strain, using gGlu-HMRG,
whereas no fluorescence was observed in ggt gene-disrupted mutant strain. On ex vivo imaging of gGlu-HMRG, fluorescence intensity increased markedly with time in H. pylori-positive specimens; however, the H. pylori-negative specimens displayed a slight increase in FI. FIV-5 and FIV-15 differed significantly between H. pylori-positive and -negative specimens. FIV-15 differed significantly between H. pyloripositive and -eradicated group. This assay sensitivity and specificity were 75.0% and 83.3% in the antrum and 82.6% and 89.5% in the stomach body. GGT-activatable fluorescence probe is applicable for rapid diagnosis of H. pylori.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1209号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月4日Author: Taro Akashi, Hajime Isomoto, Kayoko Matsushima, Mako Kamiya, Tsutomu Kanda, Masayuki Nakano, Takumi Onoyama, Masashi Fujii, Junko Akada, Yuko Akazawa, Ken Ohnita, Fuminao Takeshima, Kazuhiko Nakao & Yasuteru UranoCitation: Scientific Reports, 9, 9467; 201
高分解能CTにおける蜂巣肺を予測する捻髪音の音響学的特徴
No full textBackground: Honeycombing on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a distinguishing feature of usual interstitial pneumonia and predictive of poor outcome in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Although fine crackles are common in ILD patients, the relationship between their acoustic features and honeycombing on HRCT has not been well characterized. Methods: Lung sounds were digitally recorded from 71 patients with fine crackles and ILD findings on chest HRCT. Lung sounds were analyzed by fast Fourier analysis using a sound spectrometer (Easy-LSA; Fukuoka, Japan). The relationships between the acoustic features of fine crackles in inspiration phases (onset timing, number, frequency parameters, and time-expanded waveform parameters) and honeycombing in HRCT were investigated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: On analysis, the presence of honeycombing on HRCT was independently associated with onset timing (early vs. not early period; odds ratios [OR] 10.407, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.366–79.298, P = 0.024), F99 value (the percentile frequency below which 99% of the total signal power is accumulated) (unit Hz = 100; OR 5.953, 95% CI 1.221–28.317, P = 0.029), and number of fine crackles in the inspiratory phase (unit number = 5; OR 4.256, 95% CI 1.098–16.507, P = 0.036). In the receiver-operating characteristic curves for number of crackles and F99 value, the cutoff levels for predicting the presence of honeycombing on HRCT were calculated as 13.2 (area under the curve [AUC], 0.913; sensitivity, 95.8%; specificity, 75.6%) and 752 Hz (AUC, 0.911; sensitivity, 91.7%; specificity, 85.2%), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis additionally using these cutoff values revealed an independent association of number of fine crackles in the inspiratory phase, F99 value, and onset timing with the presence of honeycombing (OR 33.907, 95% CI 2.576–446.337, P = 0.007; OR 19.397, 95% CI 2.311–162.813, P = 0.006; and OR 12.383, 95% CI 1.443–106.293, P = 0.022; respectively). Conclusions: The acoustic properties of fine crackles distinguish the honeycombing from the non-honeycombing group. Furthermore, onset timing, number of crackles in the inspiratory phase, and F99 value of fine crackles were independently associated with the presence of honeycombing on HRCT. Thus, auscultation routinely performed in clinical settings combined with a respiratory sound analysis may be predictive of the presence of honeycombing on HRCT.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1212号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月4日Author: Toshikazu Fukumitsu, Yasushi Obase, Yuji Ishimatsu, Shota Nakashima, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Noriho Sakamoto, Kosei Nishitsuji, Shunpei Shiwa, Tomoya Sakai, Sueharu Miyahara, Kazuto Ashizawa, Hiroshi Mukae & Ryo KozuCitation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 19, 153; 201
脂肪組織由来幹細胞はパラクライン効果によって放射線照射リンパ管内皮細胞に対するリンパ管新生能を促進する
No full textBackground: There is currently no reliable treatment for secondary lymphedema caused by lymph node dissection or radiotherapy; however, stem cell–based regenerative medicine is emerging as a promising remedy for such complications. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of adipose-derived stem cells on lymphangiogenesis involving human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells exposed to ionizing radiation. Methods: Proliferation, migration, and tube formation were analyzed in human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells that were co-cultured with adipose-derived stem cells or cultured in adipose-derived stem cell–conditioned medium. The levels of lymphangiogenic factors secreted from adipose-derived stem cells were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blotting. Results: Co-culturing with adipose-derived stem cells and the use of adipose-derived stem cell–conditioned medium both significantly promoted proliferation, migration, and tube formation in nonirradiated human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells. The authors also found that irradiated adipose-derived stem cells had similar alleviative effects on irradiated human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blotting analysis revealed that irradiating adipose-derived stem cells increased their secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor in a dose-dependent manner, whereas it caused no detectable change in their secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor A or C, or hepatocyte growth factor.
Conclusions: These results demonstrated that factors secreted by adipose-derived stem cells contribute to the promotion of lymphangiogenesis in irradiated human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells. The authors’ findings also suggest that radiation potentiates the paracrine effects of adipose-derived stem cells by stimulating basic fibroblast growth factor protein expression.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1221号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月19日Author: Saijo, Hiroto; Suzuki, Keiji; Yoshimoto, Hiroshi; Imamura, Yoshinobu; Yamashita, Shunichi; Tanaka, KatsumiCitation: Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 143(6), pp.1189e-1200e: 201
吸引圧を施したマウス腎臓における外来遺伝子発現並びにpDNA分布の特性
No full textWe have previously developed an efficient and safe transfection method for the kidney in mice: renal suction-mediated transfection. In this study, we verified the detailed characteristics of transgene expression and plasmid DNA (pDNA) in mice to develop therapeutic strategies and application to gene function analysis in the kidney. After naked pDNA was administered intravenously, the right kidney was immediately suctioned by a tissue suction device. We examined the spatial distribution of transgene expression and pDNA in the suctioned kidney using tissue clearing by CUBIC, ClearT2, and Scale SQ reagents. Spatial distribution analysis showed that pDNA was transfected into extravascular cells and sufficiently delivered to the deep renal cortex. In addition, we revealed that transgene expression occurred mainly in peritubular fibroblasts of the suctioned kidney by tissue clearing and immunohistochemistry. Next, we confirmed the periods of pDNA uptake and activation of transcription factors nuclear factor-κB and activator protein 1 by luciferase assays. Moreover, the use of a pCpG-free plasmid enabled sustained transgene expression in the suctioned kidney. In conclusion, analyses of the spatial distribution and immunostaining of the section suggest that pDNA and transgene expression occurs mainly in peritubular fibroblasts of the suctioned kidney. In addition, we clarified some factors for efficient and/or sustained transgene expression in the suctioned kidney.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1231号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月19日Author: Natsuko Oyama, Yuki Fuchigami, Shintaro Fumoto , Megumu Sato, Masayori Hagimori, Kazunori Shimizu and Shigeru KawakamiCitation: Drug Delivery, 24(1), pp.906-917; 201
日本の透析患者におけるスタチンの生命予後への影響
No full textThe effect of statin on hemodialysis patients is controversial. Although previous large-scale studies did not clarify its effect in this population, recent studies suggest that statins could be useful in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in specific groups of patients undergoing hemodialysis. The aforementioned large-scale studies included a small percentage of Asians, and few studies have investigated the effects of statins in Asians undergoing hemodialysis. Thus, we investigated the benefits of statins in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis at a single center in Japan. We obtained demographic, clinical, and hemodialysis data of all patients who underwent maintenance hemodialysis at the Nagasaki Renal Center between July 2011 and June 2012. Patients were followed-up until June 2018. We studied 339 patients, of which 51 (15.0%) were prescribed pitavastatin. The mean observation period was 4.1±2.3 years, 43% were women, and the median hemodialysis vintage at baseline was 4.7 years. During the follow-up, 198 patients (58%) died, of which 22 (43%) were prescribed pitavastatin and 176 (61%) were not prescribed any statins. After propensity score matching based on age, sex, dialysis vintage, dialysis time, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, dry weight, left ventricular ejection fraction, and serum albumin, an intergroup comparison between those who received statins and those who did not (44 patients in each group) showed significant differences in survival rate based on the log-rank test (P<0.05). Although the causes of death did not differ significantly between groups, deaths due to cardiovascular events, infections, and cancer were fewer in the group prescribed statins. Our results suggest that statins may reduce mortality in Japanese patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Although potential residual confounders exist, statins may have an influence on the reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular events, infections, and cancer. Nevertheless, further studies are required to prove this hypothesis.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1236号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月19日Author: Yuki Ota, Mineaki Kitamura, Kumiko Muta, Hiroshi Yamashita, Tadashi Uramatsu, Yoko Obata, Takashi Harada, Satoshi Funakoshi, Hiroshi Mukae, Tomoya NishinoCitation: PLOS ONE, 14(10), e0224111; 201
東京電力福島第一原子力発電所事故から７年後の富岡町住民の帰還意向
No full textThe aim of our study was to identify the factors associated with intention to return (ITR) in residents of Tomioka town, Fukushima Prefecture. We contacted approximated 8000 residents aged 20 years or older who lived in Tomioka. We invited them to take part in a written survey on ITR. In all, 1749 residents’ replies were included in the analysis. We asked about ITR in former residents of Tomioka town. We also asked about relevant factors and about risk perception in relation to the health effects of radiation exposure. Of those contacted, 469 (26.8%) had an ITR. Logistic regression analysis revealed that being male (OR = 1.6, 95% Cl: 1.24–1.96, P < 0.001), the anticipation of improving shopping in the town (OR = 1.5, 95% Cl: 1.26–1.67, P < 0.001) and requests for individual consultation with experts on the health effects of radiation (OR = 2.7, 95% Cl: 2.10–3.48, P <0.001) were associated with the ITR (+), and living with children under 18 years of age (OR = 0.7, 95% Cl: 0.51–0.95, P = 0.023), reluctance to drink tap water (OR = 0.5, 95% Cl: 0.36–0.69, P < 0.001) and anxiety regarding genetic effects of radiation in the next generation (OR = 0.6, 95% Cl: 0.45–079, P <0.001) were associated with the ITR (-) to Tomioka town, independent of other covariates. To allay the anxieties of residents who have an ITR to their hometown, careful risk communication, including information on the potential effects of radiation on health, is important.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1242号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月19日Author: Hitomi Matsunaga, Makiko Orita, Keita Iyama, Nana Sato, Satoko Aso, Fumika Tateishi, Yasuyuki Taira, Takashi Kudo, Shunichi Yamashita and Noboru TakamuraCitation: Journal of Radiation Research, 60(1), pp.51–58; 201
Production of Ellagitannin Hexahydroxydiphenoyl Ester by Spontaneous Reduction of Dehydrohexa-hydroxydiphenoyl Ester
Get PDFAmariin is an ellagitannin with two dehydrohexahydroxydiphenoyl (DHHDP) moieties connecting glucose 2,4- and 3,6-hydroxy groups. This tannin is predominant in the young leaves of Triadica sebifera and Carpinus japonica. However, as the leaves grow, the 3,6-DHHDP is converted to its reduced form, the hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) group, to generate geraniin, a predominant ellagitannin of the matured leaves. The purified amariin is unstable in aqueous solution, and the 3,6-(R)-DHHDP is spontaneously degraded to give HHDP, whereas 2,4-(R)-DHHDP is stable. The driving force of the selective reduction of the 3,6-DHHDP of amariin is shown to be the conformational change of glucose from O,3B to 1C4. Heating geraniin with pyridine affords 2,4-(R)-DHHDP reduction products. Furthermore, the acid hydrolysis of geraniin yields two equivalents of ellagic acid. Although the reaction mechanism is still ambiguous, these results propose an alternative biosynthetic route of the ellagitannin HHDP groups
Actual condition of Residential Environment in Sloped Urban Area
Get PDFThe study is aimed to contribute to the sustainable regeneration of Nagasaki City. The relationship between the topographical characteristics, roadway conditions and surrounding environment in the urban area and the occurrence of vacant houses and vacant lands is shown. As a result, it was found that these factors affect it, but
the distribution is not uniform. We have to do some control
Magnetic properties of Fe-Ni-system films prepared by electroless deposition
Get PDFWe prepared Fe-Ni thick-films (> 1 μm) using an electroless deposition method and evaluated the magnetic properties and the crystal structures. The deposition rate depended on the concentration of dimethylamine-borane (DMAB), which is a reducing agent used in the present study, and we obtained a high deposition rate (> 10 μm/h) for Fe30Ni70 films when the DMAB concentration is higher than 3 g/L. From structural analyses of the films, we found that the films have very fine fcc Fe-Ni crystals in the amorphous magnetic phase. From the investigation of Co additives for the improvement in the surface conditions, we confirmed that a small amount of Co effectively works to obtain the smooth surfaces. As a result, we could obtain the Fe-Ni-system thick-films with low coercivity (50 A/m) and smooth surfaces