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Relationship between thyroid tumor radiosensitivity and nuclear localization of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit
Full text linkThyroid tumors are the most common types of endocrine malignancies and are commonly treated with radioactive iodine (RAI) to destroy remaining cancer cells following surgical intervention. We previously reported that the expression levels of double-stranded DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), which plays a key role in non-homologous end joining, are correlated with the radiosensitivity of cancer cells. Specifically, cells expressing high levels of DNA-PKcs exhibited radiation resistance, whereas cells expressing low levels were sensitive to radiation treatment. In this study, we observed full-length native DNA-PKcs (460 kDa) in radiation-resistant FRO and KTC-2 cells through western blot analysis using an antibody against the C-terminus of DNA-PKcs. In contrast, cleaved DNA-PKcs (175 kDa) were observed in radiation-sensitive TPC-1 and KTC-1 cells. Almost equal amounts of DNA-PKcs were observed in moderately radiation-sensitive WRO cells. We also describe a simple method for the prediction of radiation therapy efficacy in individual cases of thyroid cancers based on staining for DNA-PKcs in human cancer cell lines. Immunofluorescent staining showed that native DNA-PKcs was localized largely in the cytoplasm and only rarely localized in the nuclei of radiation-resistant thyroid cancer cells, whereas in radiation-sensitive cancer cells a 175-kDa cleaved C-terminal fragment of DNA-PKcs was localized mainly inside the nuclei. Therefore, DNA-PKcs moved to the nucleus after γ-ray irradiation. Our results suggest a new method for classifying human thyroid tumors based on their cellular distribution patterns of DNA-PKcs in combination with their radiosensitivity
Co-Occurrence of Tetrodotoxin and Saxitoxins and Their Intra-Body Distribution in the Pufferfish Canthigaster valentini
Full text linkAbstract: Pufferfish of the family Tetraodontidae possess tetrodotoxin (TTX) and/or saxitoxins (STXs), but the toxin ratio differs, depending on the genus or species. In the present study, to clarify the distribution profile of TTX and STXs in Tetraodontidae, we investigated the composition and intra-body distribution of the toxins in Canthigaster valentini. C. valentini specimens (four male and six female) were collected from Amami-Oshima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, and the toxins were extracted from the muscle, liver, intestine, gallbladder, gonads, and skin. Analysis of the extracts for TTX by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and of STXs by high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column fluorescence derivatization revealed TTX, as well as a large amount of STXs, with neoSTX as the main component and dicarbamoylSTX and STX itself as minor components, in the skin and ovary. The toxins were also detected in the other tissues, but in much lower amounts than in the skin and ovary. The TTX/STX ratio varied greatly, depending on the tissue, but TTX was the major toxin component in the whole body, and STXs accounted for 25% and 13% of the total toxin amount in males and females, respectively. Like the marine pufferfish of the genus Arothron, C. valentini should be considered a pufferfish with considerable amounts of both TTX and STXs present simultaneously
Poly(hydroxyurethane): catalytic applicability for the cyclic carbonate synthesis from epoxides and CO2
No full textWe have developed a synthetic methodology using poly(hydroxyurethane) as an organocatalyst for the chemical fixation of CO2 into epoxides, leading to the formation of five-membered cyclic carbonates with remarkably high selectivity and yields. The catalyzed reaction was applicable to various epoxides
A Study on the Mental Health of Elderly Individuals Certified for Long-Term Care Living at Home: Relationship with Self-Realization
No full text目的：在宅で暮らす要介護認定高齢者を対象に精神的健康と自己実現との関連を検討することを目的とす
る．
方法：Ａ県内の通所リハビリテーション（2施設）を利用している高齢者146名を対象として，日本語版
「WHO-5 精神健康状態表簡易版」（以下S-WHO-5-J），自己実現尺度（以下；SAT-17）を使用して調査を
行った．精神的健康と自己実現，個人背景の関連の分析にはピアソン相関係数，スピアマン順位相関係数，
重回帰分析（ステップワイズ法）を用いた．
結果：105名の対象者から有効な回答が得られた（有効回収率71.9％）．性別は男性48名（45.7%），女性57名
（54.3%），平均年齢81.1±7.3歳，S-WHO-5-J平均得点14.2±2.9点，SAT-17平均得点52.6±12.5点であった．
S-WHO-5-J 得点に有意に影響する項目は「SAT-17第4因子（主観的健康度）（偏回帰係数＝0.512,p<0.001」
であった．
結論：地域在住の要介護認定高齢者の主観的健康感を高めることで，自己実現，精神的健康が高められる
ことが推察された．今後，地域における専門職者が地域在住の要介護認定高齢者の生活の中での不安，悩
みを傾聴していくことで精神的健康および自己実現を高められる可能性があることが示唆された
A selective and highly sensitive high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence derivatization approach based on Sonogashira coupling reaction for determination of ethinyl estradiol in river water samples
No full textA selective and highly sensitive high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence derivatization method was developed for determination of ethinyl estradiol (EE); one of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs). The fluorescence derivatization procedure was based on Sonogashira coupling reaction using 4-(4, 5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole-2-yl) iodobenzene (DIB-I), a fluorescence labeling reagent, to derivatize EE in presence of copper and palladium ions. The formed fluorescent product was separated on Cosmosil 5C18 MS-II by an isocratic elution with a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile: 5.0 mM Tris-HNO3 buffer, pH 7.4 (60:40, v/v %). The detection wavelengths were set at 310 and 400 nm as excitation and emission wavelengths,
respectively. Various parameters affecting derivatization reaction were optimized. Further, the proposed method was validated and a good linearity with low detection limit (S/N=3) 7.4 ng L−1 was obtained in water sample after a simple solid-phase disk extraction (C18 SPE disk) method. The proposed method was successfully applied for detection of EE in river water samples in order to monitor EE concentration and to distinguish its effect on the ecosystem and human health
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Complicated by Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome as an Initial Manifestation
Full text linkA 25-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital due to tonic convulsion with severe headache after having experienced symptoms of nausea and vomiting for a month. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive symmetrical lesions in the cortical and subcortical areas of parieto-occipital lobes and basal ganglia, consistent with typical characteristics of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Furthermore, some residual lesions in the left side of dorsal medulla oblongata and central area of the cervical spinal cord along with the presence of serum anti-aquaporin-4 antibody yielded the diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). We herein discuss the mechanism by which PRES may occur together with NMOSD
ナイジェリア南東部および中南部におけるラッサウイルス検出のためのRT-LAMPアッセイの開発
No full textLassa virus (LASV) causes Lassa fever (LF), a viral hemorrhagic fever endemic in West Africa. LASV strains are clustered into six lineages according to their geographic location. To confirm a diagnosis of LF, a laboratory test is required. Here, a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay using a portable device for the detection of LASV in southeast and south-central Nigeria using three primer sets specific for strains clustered in lineage II was developed. The assay detected in vitro transcribed LASV RNAs within 23 min and was further evaluated for detection in 73 plasma collected from suspected LF patients admitted into two health settings in southern Nigeria. The clinical evaluation using the conventional RT-PCR as the reference test revealed a sensitivity of 50% in general with 100% for samples with a viral titer of 9500 genome equivalent copies (geq)/mL and higher. The detection limit was estimated to be 4214 geq/mL. The assay showed 98% specificity with no cross-reactivity to other viruses which cause similar symptoms. These results suggest that this RT-LAMP assay is a useful molecular diagnostic test for LF during the acute phase, contributing to early patient management, while using a convenient device for field deployment and in resource-poor settings.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1265号 学位授与年月日:令和2年9月18日Author: Christelle M. Pemba, Yohei Kurosaki, Rokusuke Yoshikawa, Olamide K. Oloniniyi, Shuzo Urata, Maki Sueyoshi, Vahid R. Zadeh, Ifeanyi Nwafor, Michael O. Iroezindu, Nnenna A. Ajayi, Chinedu M. Chukwubike, Nneka M. Chika-Igwenyi, Anne C. Ndu, Damian U. Nwidi, Yuki Maehira, Uche S. Unigwe, Chiedozie K. Ojide, Emeka O. Onwe, Jiro YasudaCitation: Journal of Virological Methods, 269, pp.30-37; 201
COVID-19 Screening for Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Infectious Diseases Referral Hospital in Manila, the Philippines
No full textCOVID-19 is an emerging disease threatening the lives of patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) alike. In this article, we present initial results of COVID-19 screening performed among the hospital staff of an infectious diseases referral hospital
in Manila, the Philippines. Of 324 HCWs tested, eight were positive; only one was exposed to COVID-19 patients, whereas seven others belonged to two different departments. Routine screening of hospital staff is invaluable for the safety
of the HCWs and the patients in hospitals and should be performed on a regular basis. In monitoring HCWs, we protect one of our most valuable assets against COVID-19
ナイジェリア北東部アダマワ州における結核届出に及ぼす政治的紛争の影響：7年間のレトロスペクティブ分析
No full text長崎大学学位論文 [学位記番号]博（医歯薬）甲第1282号 [学位授与年月日]令和2年9月18
遅発性発症の家族性地中海熱では有意に筋骨格系症状が起こる〜全国多施設前向きコホート研究より〜
No full text長崎大学学位論文 [学位記番号]共博（医歯薬）甲第5号 [学位授与年月日]令和2年9月18