32970 research outputs found
Sort by
Study on the geographic variation in life history traits of Plecoglossus altivelis
No full text長崎大学学位論文 [学位記番号]博（水・環）甲第59号 [学位授与年月日]令和2年3月19
Fabrication and Characterization of Poly Lactic Acid Scaffolds by Fused Deposition Modeling for Bone Tissue Engineering
No full textThree-dimensional porous poly-lactic acid (PLA) scaffold was fabricated using fused deposition modeling (FDM) method including 30%, 50% and 70% nominal porosity. Study of phases in initial polymeric material and printed scaffolds was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and no significant phase difference was observed due to the manufacturing process, and the poly-lactic acid retains its crystalline properties. The results of the mechanical properties evaluation by the compression test show that the mechanical properties of the scaffold have decreased signifcantly with increasing the porosity of scaffold. The microstructure of scaffolds were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), showing that the pores had a regular arrangement and their morphology changed with porosity change. The mechanical properties of the poly-lactic acid scaffolds printed using fused deposition modeling, can be adapted to the surrounding tissue, by porosity change
Validation of the local thermodynamic equilibrium at a local current concentration area of positive pulsed surface discharge plasma on water
No full textPulsed surface discharge on water has been given attention as a water purification technology and material synthesis method. The contribution of this study is to clarify the plasma state of a positive pulsed surface discharge on water. Although the pulse width of the current dramatically decreased with an applied voltage ranging from 10 to 20 kV under a conductivity of water of 1 mS cm-1 and a water depth of 2 mm, the plasma state in the vicinity of the needle electrode was a local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) state. Validation of the LTE was performed by the McWhirter criterion. On the other hand, the propagating discharge along the water surface was supposed to be in non-LTE state. Consequently, the pulsed surface discharge on water was in mixed states of LTE and non-LTE
Comparison of a Novel Bisphosphonate Prodrug and Zoledronic Acid in the Induction of Cytotoxicity in Human Vγ2Vδ2 T Cells
Get PDFIncreasing attention has been paid to human γδ T cells expressing Vγ2Vδ2 T cell receptor (also termed Vγ9Vδ2) in the field of cancer
immunotherapy. We have previously demonstrated that a novel bisphosphonate prodrug, tetrakis-pivaloyloxymethyl 2-(thiazole-2-ylamino ethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate (PTA), efficiently expands peripheral blood Vγ2Vδ2 T cells to purities up to 95–99% in 10–11 days. In the present study, we first examined the effect of PTA on farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to analyze the mechanism underlying the PTA-mediated expansion of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells. We find that the prodrug induced the accumulation of both isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), direct upstream metabolites of FDPS.
This indicates that not only IPP but also DMAPP plays an important role in PTA-mediated stimulation of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells.
We next analyzed TCR-independent cytotoxicity of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells. When human lung cancer cell lines were challenged by Vγ2Vδ2 T cells, no detectable cytotoxicity was observed in 40 min. The lung cancer cell lines were, however, significantly killed by Vγ2Vδ2 T cells after 4–16 h in an effector-to-target ratio-dependent manner, demonstrating that Vγ2Vδ2 T cell-based cell therapy required a large number of cells and longer time when tumor cells were not sensitized. By contrast, pulsing tumor cell lines with 10–30 nM of PTA induced significant lysis of tumor cells by Vγ2Vδ2 T cells even in 40 min. Similar levels of cytotoxicity were elicited by ZOL at concentrations of 100–300 μM,which were much higher than blood levels of ZOL after infusion (1–2 μM), suggesting that standard 4 mg infusion of ZOL was not enough
to sensitize lung cancer cells in clinical settings. In addition, Vγ2Vδ2 T cells secreted interferon-γ (IFN-γ) when challenged by lung cancer cell lines pulsed with PTA in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, PTA could be utilized for both expansion of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells ex vivo and sensitization of tumor cells in vivo in Vγ2Vδ2 T cell-based cancer immunotherapy. For use in patients, further studies
on drug delivery are essential because of the hydrophobic nature of the prodrug
Effects of tank shapes and aerations on survival, growth and swim bladder inflation of red seabream Pagrus major larvae
Get PDFThis study aimed to seek for the optimal condition for small-scale larviculture of red seabream Pagrus major larvae. We examined the effects of tank shapes and aerations, which were assumed to influence the larval survival, growth and swim bladder
inflation of P. major larvae. Seawater (50-l) was filled into three cylindrical (CT: 1.7 × 103 cm2 water surface area, 30 cm deep)and six rectangular (RT: 1.8 × 103 cm2 water surface area, 28 cm deep) tanks. One air stone with 100 ml/min aeration rate was set at the bottom center of three CT and RT (RT1AS), and two air stones with 50 ml/min aeration rate were set at the half bottom center of three RT (RT2AS). Five hundred eggs were distributed into each experimental tank. Rotifers were fed to larvae at 10 individuals/mL on 3 days post hatching (dph) and their distribution in tanks were measured. Survival rate at 14 dph in CT (54.7 ± 11.0 %) and RT1AS (55.3 ± 6.0 %) were significantly higher than that in RT2AS (29.6 ± 9.3 %, p < 0.05). However, the growth of larvae was not significantly different between tank shapes and aerators. Swimbladder inflation rates were not different between tank shapes and aerations, however, CT (58.9±28.3 %) showed lower trend (RT1AS 94.4±6.9 %, RT2AS 92.2±10.7 %). Rotifer distribution in tanks was higher at tank bottom (p < 0.05). Low flow regions were observed along the side walls of the tanks and bottom areas in CT and RT1AS due to a single-pair vortex system and formed at the center (between air stones) and from the air stone to the tank walls in RT2AS due to two single-pair vortex systems. These low-flow areas were coincided with higher rotifer distribution areas at the tank bottom indicating that measuring rotifer density can estimate the flow in a tank.
We recommend the rectangular tank with one air stone system for red seabream larvae
A Study on Crack Extraction and Discrimination Method of Concrete Structures Using Deep Learning
Get PDFIn visual inspection of concrete structures, it is basically necessary to observe the occurrence of cracks. The current inspection method for concrete structures is that the inspector creates a sketch by visual inspection.However, this method has many problems such as requiring enormous amount of work time and amount of work and depending on the knowledge and experience of the inspector. The purpose of this study is to automatically extract cracks (including crack width) on concrete surface from digital images using image analysis techniques such as deep learning and transfer learning
