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病原真菌Candida glabrataにおけるElm1の抗真菌薬感受性および病原性への関与
No full text長崎大学学位論文 [学位記番号]博（医歯薬）甲第1275号 [学位授与年月日]令和2年9月2
Study on Post-war Reconstruction Urban Planning and Changes in Residential Areas in Nagasaki City
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to clarify the impact on the region due to changes in residential planning during the post-war reconstruction period. Building processes were comprehended by aerial photographs, map materials and newspaper databases. It was found that altitude, location, and land use
had big effect on the city formation
Institutional Design and Conjunctural Causations: Causal Conditions for Adoption of a Dispute Settlement Mechanism in International Institutions
Full text linkIt has been argued that international institutions with a formal dispute settlement mechanism can promote international cooperation effectively. Under what conditions, then, do international institutions adopt this institutional design? Although previous studies on this research question have analyzed the effects of several conditions/
variables and commonly employed regression analysis methods, they have reached different conclusions. The lack of consensus could be caused by their implicit assumption (accompanying their choice of method) that conditions have effects that are independent from each other. To examine this inference, the present paper conducts an analysis 1) employing the same conditions/variables as the
previous studies, 2) using the dataset of one of the previous studies, but 3) employing the qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) method, which is more appropriate than regression analysis methods for analyzing conjunctural effects. The present paper has important implications for the endogeneity problem in research on international
institutions.松本睦樹教授定年退職記念号In Honour of Prof. Mutuki Matumot
橈骨遠位端骨折用掌側ロッキングプレートが高解像度末梢骨用定量的CTの画像に与える影響
No full textIntroduction: High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) has enabled us to observe changes of bone microstructure during fracture healing. However, a method of analyzing the healing process after osteosynthesis has yet to be established due to implant artifacts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of volar locking plates for distal radius fractures on the image quality of HR-pQCT. Methods: Four different types of plates for distal radius fractures were evaluated. The scan region of HR-pQCT was the center of each plate, not including the screw insertion sites. To assess plate-generated noise, each plate was fixed to the top of a water-filled rubber glove, scanned by HR-pQCT, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the region under the plates was calculated. To investigate accuracy, 12 cadaveric radii with and without each plate were scanned by HR-pQCT, and differences between the measured values with and without the plate were evaluated. Differences between the measurements of the entire circumference and of the dorsal third of the radius were also compared. Reproducibility of the in vivo measurement was investigated by repeated scans of 10 patients with distal radius fractures who had undergone surgery with a volar locking plate. Results: The SNR was significantly higher away from the plate than immediately below the plate. Percentage differences of the measurement values between with and without the plate were 1.4%–3.2% for cortical bone mineral density (Ct.BMD) and 7.2%–9.8% for cortical bone thickness (Ct.Th) when the entire circumference was measured. When the dorsal third was measured, they were 0.3%–1.7% for Ct.BMD and 1.8%–2.7% for Ct.Th. The root-mean-square coefficient of variation (RMS%CV) was 1.12% for Ct.BMD and 4.18% for Ct.Th.
Conclusions: The accuracy and reproducibility of cortical bone measurements with a volar locking plate on HR-pQCT were acceptable when the dorsal third of the Ct.BMD was analyzed, and this method would be useful for in vivo analysis of the fracture healing process after osteosynthesis.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1199号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月19日Author: Makoto Era, Ko Chiba, Yuichiro Nishino, Narihiro Okazaki, Takashi Miyamoto, Akihiko Yonekura, Masato Tomita, Toshiyuki Tsurumoto, Makoto OsakiCitation: Bone, 127, pp.620-625; 201
侵襲性真菌症の原因菌に対して抗真菌作用を有する新規化合物の探索と合成
No full textInvasive fungal infections are growing causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. However, only one antifungal drug class has been developed in the last 30 years, extremely limiting current therapeutic options. To address unmet medical needs, we performed high-throughput screening of 9600 chemical compounds and identified an aminohydrazone derivative as a novel and potent antifungal compound. We then designed and synthesized a series of aminohydrazone derivatives, and demonstrated that 1-[(E)-[4-(3′,4′-dichlorobenxyloxy)phenyl methylidene]amino]-guanidine had the most potent inhibitory activity and exhibited a broad spectrum of antifungal activities against Candida species (including multidrug resistant C. auris), Aspergillus species, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Rhizopus oryzae. Against C. albicans, the leading cause of Candida infections, the compound had fungicidal activity for planktonic cells at 8 μg mL−1 (25 μM) and anti-biofilm activity at 34 μg mL−1 (100 μM). This study provides new insights for the development of a new drug class for the treatment of invasive fungal infections which are often refractory to conventional therapies.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1223号 学位授与年月日:令和2年3月19日Author: Nana Nakada-Motokawa, Taiga Miyazaki, Satoshi Mizuta, Yoshimasa Tanaka, Tatsuro Hirayama, Takahiro Takazono, Tomomi Saijo, Kazuko Yamamoto, Yoshifumi Imamura, Koichi Izumikawa, Katsunori Yanagihara, Koichi Makimura, Kohsuke Takeda, Shigeru Kohno, Hiroshi MukaeCitation: ChemistrySelect, 5(3), pp.1140-1145; 202
Drop Head Syndrome as a Rare Complication in Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
Full text linkA 54-year-old woman developed drop head syndrome (DHS), Raynaud's phenomenon and creatine kinase (CK) elevation. She did not meet the international classification criteria of dermatomyositis/polymyositis, as we observed no muscle weakness, grasping pain or electromyography abnormality in her limbs, and antiaminoacyl tRNA synthetase (ARS) antibody was negative. Cervical magnetic resonance imaging and a muscle biopsy of the trapezius muscle revealed myositis findings as the only clinical observations in muscle. These findings, along with her anti-U1-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibody positivity and leukopenia, resulted in a diagnosis of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). Prednisolone treatment significantly improved her myositis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of DHS as the only muscle complication of MCTD
