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Inhibitory effects of kaempferol, quercetin and luteolin on the replication of human parainfluenza virus type 2 in vitro
Get PDF三重大学博士(医学)application/pdfThe eight flavonoids, apigenin, chrysin, hesperidin, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, rutin and luteolin were tested for the inhibition of human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV-2) replication. Three flavonoids out of the eight, kaempferol, quercetin and luteolin inhibited hPIV-2 replication. Kaempferol reduced the virus release (below 1/10,000), partly inhibited genome and mRNA syntheses, but protein synthesis was observed. It partly inhibited virus entry into the cells and virus spreading, and also partly disrupted microtubules and actin microfilaments, indicating that the virus release inhibition was partly caused by the disruption of cytoskeleton. Quercetine reduced the virus release (below 1/10,000), partly inhibited genome, mRNA and protein syntheses. It partly inhibited virus entry and spreading, and also partly destroyed microtubules and microfilaments. Luteolin reduced the virus release (below 1/100,000), largely inhibited genome, mRNA and protein syntheses. It inhibited virus entry and spreading. It disrupted microtubules and microfilaments. These results indicated that luteolin has the most inhibitory effect on hPIV-2 relication. In conclusion, the three flavonoids inhibited virus replication by the inhibition of genome, mRNA and protein syntheses, and in addition to those, by the disruption of cytoskeleton in vitro.本文/Department of Microbiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan8pdoctoral thesi
Vihāra Project JSPS KAKENHI,Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A),Grant No. 22H00002 "Monasteries and Secularity in Indian Buddhism from the Gupta Period Onward" Vol.10
Get PDFapplication/pdfInternational Workshop Organized by the Team of Manuscripts / Secularity of Buddhist Monasteries as Seen in Monastery Construction Ritual / Report on International Workshops (Special Contribution: Prof. Petra Kieffer-Pülz) / Future Plans / Activity Reportothe
Analysis of Japanese Language Textbooks for Elementary School to Support Foreign Students' Comprehension : A Focus on Yasashii-Nihongo
Get PDF本研究では，在籍学級で学ぶ外国人児童の国語科の学習における理解支援を目的とした教科書分析を行った。国語科の授業を在籍学級で学ぶ外国人児童生徒に対し，教師がやさしい日本語を用いてどのような支援ができるかを検討した。
分析方法は，次の通りである。まず，各学年の教科書における「読むこと」を主として扱う国語科教材の学習指示文をテキスト化し，「やさにちチェッカー」を用いて日本語学習者にとっての読みやすさを診断した。また，教材を「説明的な文章」と「文学的な文章」に分類し，各学年における教材の種類別に比較した。次に，3年生の文学的な文章教材「ちいちゃんのかげおくり」の本文と学習指示文を比較した。
分析の結果，学習指示文は語彙および文法の難易度の評定は低いこと，総合評定の難易度は3年生を目安に高くなる傾向にあることが示された。また，授業での教師の発話高難易度と判定された語彙については，語彙の理解を目指す「分析した教材が持つ個別の語彙」と，語彙の習得を目指す「他の教材にも共通する語彙」に分け，それぞれに対する言い換えや視覚的な支援という直接的な理解支援を提案した。また，文法表現についても，「やさしい日本語」への言い換え提案を参考に，児童にとって理解しやすいと考えられる表現を提案した。departmental bulletin pape
Diffusion performance of lobed jet in the developed states consistent across temporally and spatially developing flows
Get PDFapplication/pdfThis study demonstrates that temporally developing lobed jets can qualitatively reproduce the diffusion performance in the fully developed states of spatially developing lobed jets in laboratory experiments. The jet exit geometries, Reynolds number (=70000) ,and turbulence intensity (3% of mean velocity) were set to be the same across the temporally and spatially developing jets. Four types of jet flows were tested, one being a round jet and three being lobed jets with different numbers or curvatures of lobes, referred to as 6L, 6S, and 3L, respectively. The half-width of the mean streamwise velocity distributions and centerline mean streamwise velocity of the four jets in the developed states were consistent between the numerical simulations and experiments. The round jet displayed the highest diffusion performance, followed by 3L, while 6L and 6S were the smallest and were comparable with each other. Despite such consistency in the developed states, the diffusion performance and formation of the streamwise swirling flows did not agree between the numerical and experimental results. These results suggest that unique large-scale structures corresponding to the initial conditions are reproduced in temporally developing jets, which is in good agreement with the spatially developing lobed jets. Therefore, the current study demonstrated that the temporally developing simulations can reproduce similar diffusion processes to those of the spatially developing ones.journal articl
