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Ultrastructural Description of Amphid Neurons in the Pine Wood Nematode Indicates Concurrent Evolution of the Stylet and Specific Neurons
No full textUnderstanding how animals perceive environmental stimuli is essential for reconstructing the evolution of their sensory systems.Nematodes provide a useful model for studying sensory adaptation due to their relatively simple nervous systems and broad ecological diversity. The amphid, the primary sensory organ in nematodes, has been well characterized in Caenorhabditis elegans and other bacterivorous species. However, comparatively little is known about amphid structures in nematodes with different ecological niches. In this study, we performed serial section transmission electron microscopy and three-dimensional reconstruction of amphid neurons in Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, a fungal-feeding, plant-parasitic nematode. We identified 13 amphid neurons, five of which showed a distinctmorphology and are designated as type V neurons.These neuronswere previously described as outer accessory cilia in other stylet-bearing nematodes, and had not been observed in bacterivorous species. Type V neurons exhibited trifurcated cilia that extended toward each lip and were structurally reminiscent ofmechanosensory neurons. The presence of type V neurons only in stylet-bearing nematodes is consistent with the hypothesis that these neurons may have evolved in association with the stylet. Their trifurcated cilia suggest a potential role in detecting mechanical cues during lip contact with substrates, which could trigger stylet ejection. Alternatively, they may also contribute to other sensory modalities.Our findings reveal that fungal-feeding plant-parasitic nematodes possess amphid sensory architectures that differmarkedly from those of bacterivorous species.journal articl
Design of the Ethylbenzene production process using machine learning
Get PDFEthylbenzene (EB) is a raw material used to produce the styrene monomer, and the EB market size has been increasing. Recently, EB has been produced by a production process using zeolite catalysts. However, the fuel consumption in this process is an issue because the energy load in the separation process is high. The objective of this study was to design an EB production process with low energy consumption per unit production. In the proposed method, the process structure is first optimized, followed by optimization of the design variables. In the conventional process design, the design variables are optimized by calculations based on knowledge of the chemical engineering and repeated simulations, but it is labor and time intensive. The proposed method uses machine learning to efficiently optimize the design variables. By using machine learning, we achieved the design of a process with a low fuel energy intensity while satisfying multiple reaction conditions.journal articl
Sunrise versus Sunset -Influence of color name on purchase intention in cosmetics-
Get PDFIn a variety of industries, it is becoming increasingly difficult to differentiate products in terms of functionality, and commoditization of products is progressing. One way to break free from commoditization is to build a brand. One of the ways is to use brand names. Brand names can be broadly classified into three categories: corporate brands, product brands, and elemental brands. Elemental brands include technology brands and color brands. Although some examples of color brands can be found, there is a lack of research focusing on color brands. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the impact of color naming on purchase intention in the cosmetics industry. Therefore, we hypothesized that "in cosmetics, color names that evoke actual usage scenarios have a positive impact on purchase intention. The hypothesis was supported by applying multiple regression analysis to an online survey to test the results.ここに掲載した著作物の利用に関する注意 本著作物の著作権は日本感性工学会に帰属します。本著作物は著作権者である日本感性工学会の許可のもとに掲載するものです。ご利用に当たっては「著作権法」ならびに関連法規に従うことをお願いいたします。 https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jskeproceedings/1.1/0/1.1_15/_pdf/-char/jajournal articl
A consideration of conflicts between companies using institutional logic in the organizational fields
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The Range of Media Theoretical Analysis of “Name” in the Information Society -A Consideration of Identity and “Hiding Names”-
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An Examination on the Image-Making Process of the War-Deceased and Bereaved in Japan -Focusing on the Period of the Fifteen-Year War and the Occupation-
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