University of Münster
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Note on C*-algebras associated to boundary actions of hyperbolic 3-manifold groups
No full textUsing Kirchberg–Phillips' classification of purely infinite C*-algebras by K-theory, we prove that the isomorphism types of crossed product C*-algebras associated to certain hyperbolic 3-manifold groups acting on their Gromov boundary only depend on the manifold's homology. As a result, we obtain infinitely many pairwise nonisomorphic hyperbolic groups, all of whose associated crossed products are isomorphic. These isomorphisms are not of dynamical nature in the sense that they are not induced by isomorphisms of the underlying groupoids
Obesity and Comorbidities in HFpEF: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis in a University Hospital Setting
No full textBackground/Objectives: Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) poses a diagnostic challenge, as it lacks a definitive hallmark beyond preserved left ventricular (LV)EF. This retrospective study aims to analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of HFpEF patients within a real-world hospital cohort, with a particular focus on obesity and associated comorbidities. Methods: A total of 4019 patients who underwent echocardiography in 2020–2021 at a university hospital were screened for HFpEF. After stringent manual verification, 219 patients fulfilled the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) criteria for HFpEF. Demographic, clinical, and comorbidity data were analyzed and stratified by body mass index (BMI) categories and sex distribution. Results: Among the 219 HFpEF patients, 71.3% were classified as pre-obese or obese. Hypertension (93.6%), atrial fibrillation (74.3%), and obesity were common in the cohort, while sex distribution was balanced. Edema was more prevalent among obese patients, though HFpEF severity, as reflected by New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification and natriuretic peptide levels, did not differ significantly across BMI groups. Medical treatment patterns varied with BMI, with obese patients more frequently receiving diuretics, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i), and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB). No significant differences were observed between male and female patients in terms of HFpEF severity markers. Conclusions: Obesity is a predominant feature in HFpEF and is associated with a high burden of comorbidities. However, sex does not appear to influence HFpEF severity in this cohort. These findings underscore the need for targeted therapeutic strategies in obese HFpEF patients
Parkinson: "Wir stehen vor großen Herausforderungen":Oberärztin und Wissenschaftlerin Inga Claus schildert Risiken und Chancen
No full textAktuell leiden rund 400.000 Deutsche unter der Parkinson-Krankheit. Alle Experten gehen davon aus, dass die Fallzahlen wegen der zunehmenden Alterung unserer Gesellschaft in den kommenden Jahren weiter deutlich steigen werden – und dass neurodegenerative Erkrankungen wie Parkinson und Alzheimer bis zum Jahr 2040 nach Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen die zweithäufigste Todesursache sein werden. "Diese Entwicklung stellt unser Gesundheitssystem, vor allem den Pflegebereich, vor neue und große Herausforderungen", prophezeit Dr. Inga Claus. Die Neurologin fordert im "Umdenken"-Podcast der Universität Münster eine umfassendere Aufklärung, mehr Personal sowie zusätzliche spezialisierte Zentren, um die Patientinnen und Patienten bestmöglich zu versorgen
Paving the way for applications of lattice QCD with stabilized Wilson fermions in charmed meson phenomenology
No full textIn dieser Arbeit machen wir erste Schritte zur Erforschung der Charm-Physik mit dem in der Gitter QCD Framework als “stabilisierte Wilson Fermionen“ bekannten Frameworks. Die nötigen Verbesserungs- und Renormierungsgrößen müssen neu bestimmt werden, da die stabilisierte Variante die Cut-Off Effekte verändert. Der Fokus liegt hierbei auf der Verbesserung des Axialvektorkanals, welcher ebenfalls renormiert wird. Die Faktoren ZV, bV und b̄V für die Renormierung des Vektorkanals sowie die Faktoren Z=(Zm ZP/ZA), (bA−bP) und bm, die zur Quarkmassenrenormierung nötig sind, werden bestimmt. Unsere Berechnungen führen wir im Schrödinger Funktional bei 6 Gitterabständen mit 20 Ensembles zwischen zwei LCPs (einer chiralen und einer massiven) ausgeführt. Wir stellen fest, dass die Cut-off Effekte von stabilisierten in Vergleich zu traditionellen Wilson Fermionen generell kleiner sind. Zuletzt berechnen wir den Charm-Quark Massenparameter auf Gittern der OpenLat-Initiative.In this thesis, we prepare the lattice QCD framework of “stabilized Wilson fermions” for the investigation of charm-physics. For this purpose, improvement coefficients and renormalization factors need to be newly calculated, as the stabilized variant changes the cut-off effects. Primary focus is put on the improvement coefficient of the axial-vector channel, which is renormalized later on. The renormalization of the vector channel with ZV, bV and b̄V, and of the quark mass with Z=(Zm ZP/ZA), (bA−bP) and bm are determined in the same framework. The calculations are carried out in the Schrödinger functional at 6 lattice spacings with 20 ensembles interpolating between two lines of constant physics (a chiral and a massive one). Comparing the cut-off effects of stabilized and traditional Wilson fermions, we note that the that these are generally smaller for the new formulation. Lastly, we calculate the charm-quark mass parameter on lattices of the OpenLat-initiative
"Entwicklungspotenzial von Jugendlichen ist wichtigster therapeutischer Verbündeter":Tag der Jugend am 12. August: Psychiater Georg Romer spricht über Sorgen und Ängste von Kindern und Jugendlichen
No full textTrotz der bedrohlichen Lage in vielen Regionen der Welt steigt die Zuversicht vieler Kinder und Jugendlicher in die Zukunft der Gesellschaft. Das hängt unter anderem mit dem Vertrauen in das eigene soziale Umfeld zusammen, erklärt Kinder- und Jugendpsychiater Prof. Dr. Georg Romer in der neuen Folge des "Umdenken"-Podcasts. "Das Vertrauen vieler Menschen in Freunde und Familie ist in den vergangenen Jahren gestiegen. Das trägt zur Zuversicht bei", unterstreicht der Wissenschaftler der Medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Münster, der zugleich Direktor der Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychosomatik und -psychotherapie des Universitätsklinikums Münster ist. Dennoch gebe es Personengruppen, die insbesondere als Ergebnis der Coronapandemie "den sozialen Anschluss verloren" haben
Evaluation of the interhospital patient transfer after implementation of a regionalized trauma care system (TraumaNetzwerk DGU®) in Germany
No full textPurpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate how many patients are being transferred between trauma centers and and their characteristics in the 2006 initiated TraumaNetzwerk DGU® (TNW). We further investigated the time point of transfer and differences in outcome, compared to patients not being transferred. We wanted to know how trauma centers judged the performance of the TNW in transfer. Method: (1) We analyzed the data of the TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU) from 2014–2018. Included were patients that were treated in German trauma centers, maximum AIS (MAIS) >2 and MAIS 2 only in case of admission on ICU or death of the patient. Patients being transferred were compared to patients who were not. Characteristics were compared, and a logistic regression analysis performed to identify predictive factors. (2) We performed a survey in the TNW focussing on frequency, timing and communication between hospitals and improvement through TNW. Results: Study I analyzed 143,195 patients from the TR-DGU. Their mean ISS was 17.8 points (SD 11.5). 56.4% were admitted primarily to a Level-I, 32.2% to a Level-II and 11.4% to a Level-III Trauma Center. 10,450 patients (7.9%) were transferred. 3,667 patients (22.7%) of the admitted patients of Level-III Center and 5,610 (12.6%) of Level-II Center were transferred, these patients showed a higher ISS (Level-III: 18.1 vs. 12.9; Level-II: 20.1 vs. 15.8) with more often a severe brain injury (AIS 3+) (Level-III: 43.6% vs. 13.1%; Level-II: 53.2% vs. 23.8%). Regression analysis showed ISS 25+ and severe brain injury AIS 3+ are predictive factors for patients needing a rapid transfer. Study II: 215 complete questionnaires (34%) of the 632 trauma centers. Transfers were executed within 2 h after the accident (Level-III: 55.3%; Level-II: 25.0%) and between 2–6 h (Level-III: 39.5%; Level-II: 51.3%). Most trauma centers judged that implementation of TNW improved trauma care significantly (Level III: 65.0%; Level-II: 61.4%, Level-I: 56.7%). Conclusion: The implementation of TNW has improved the communication and quality of comprehensive trauma care of severely injured patients within Germany. Transfer is mostly organized efficient. Predictors such as higher level of head injury reveal that preclinical algorithm present a potential of further improvement
Scratching increases epidermal neuronal branching and alters psychophysical testing responses in atopic dermatitis and brachioradial pruritus
No full textBackground: Chronic scratching imposes a major stress on the skin and can lead to itch intensity worsening, and consequently, patients may enter an itch–scratch cycle. This repetitive mechanical stress can result in lichenification, worsening of epidermal barrier function, and enhanced cutaneous inflammation. Furthermore, a reduction of intraepidermal nerve fibers was previously described in lichenification. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of chronic scratching on the epidermal neuroanatomy and on sensory changes, in particular the prevalence of hyperknesis and alloknesis in patients after mechanical, chemical, and electrical stimuli. Methods: Analyses were performed on pruritic lichenified (chronically scratched), pruritic non-lichenified (not chronically scratched), and non-pruritic non-lesional (unaffected) skin areas of patients with inflammatory pruritus, i.e., atopic dermatitis (n = 35), and neuropathic pruritus, i.e., brachioradial pruritus (n = 34) vs. healthy matched controls (n = 64). Our fine-grained spatial skin characterization enabled specifically studying the differential effects of chronic scratching in inflammatory and neuropathic itch. Results: Analysis of intraepidermal nerve fiber density showed rarefaction of fibers in all three skin areas of patients compared with healthy controls in both diagnoses. Even more, the two pruritic areas had significantly less nerve fibers than the unaffected skin, whereas electrically induced itch was massively increased. Epidermal branching of the remaining nerve fibers in lichenified/chronically scratched skin was increased, particularly in patients with brachioradial pruritus, which may contribute to the pronounced local neuronal sensitivity. Hyperknesis and alloknesis were found to increase independently of lichenification.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that chronic scratching may not affect intraepidermal nerve fiber density but leads to a stronger branching pattern of intraepidermal nerve fibers, which may contribute to local hypersensitivity. The increased sensitivity in the pruritic areas suggests mechanisms of peripheral sensitization, whereas the increased sensation of electrically and chemically induced itch in unaffected skin indicates central sensitization for itch