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Breaking the Barrier: The Essential Need for Multicultural Self-Awareness in Counselor Educators and Supervisors
Get PDFCounselor educators and supervisors play an integral role in the development of their students and supervisees; including those who do not share the same or similar cultural identities and/or background. This research session seeks to address the importance of self-awareness regarding multiculturalism and diversity while working with students, supervisee, and budding counselor educators. This session will both challenge counselor educators and supervisors to explore their own level of multicultural self-awareness, ponder any limitations, and encourage them to take intentional efforts and action to better support and steward their professional and supervisory relationships with students and supervisees
A QUANTITATIVE STUDY TEACHING DE-ESCALATION WITH VIRTUAL REALITY SIMULATION TO ASSOCIATE NURSING STUDENTS MEASURING EFFECTIVENESS, LEARNING, AND CONFIDENCE
Get PDFWorkplace violence against nurses is a critical global public health issue, with one in four nurses reportedly experiencing physical assault by patients. This quantitative quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest study aimed to assess the effectiveness of virtual reality simulation as a teaching strategy for de-escalation education in associate nursing students (N = 29) perception in learning and confidence. The study utilized the Simulation Effectiveness Tool-Modified (SET-M) instrument to measure outcomes guided by Kolb\u27s experiential learning theory and the NLN Jeffries simulation theory. The learning variable demonstrated significant improvement as confirmed by paired t-test analysis (p \u3c .01). For the effectiveness and confidence variables, which violated assumptions of normality, a comprehensive statistical approach was implemented. Analysis included parametric testing via paired t-tests, supplemented by nonparametric methods (Wilcoxon Signed-ranks test and Sign test) to ensure statistical rigor. The cumulative results across all three statistical tests consistently demonstrated significant improvements (p \u3c .001). Effect size calculations revealed medium to large significance for all variables measured by Cohen’s d. The conclusive findings of this research to reject all three null hypotheses suggest that virtual reality simulation is an effective teaching strategy for developing de-escalation skills, enhancing both learning and confidence among associate nursing students. Future studies are needed to further validate and expand upon the findings of the current research, potentially leading to more widespread adoption of virtual reality simulation in nursing education for teaching de-escalation
Cognitive Behavioral Couples Counseling as an Intervention to Improve Marital Satisfaction Among Post-Deployment Military Couples
Get PDFPost-traumatic Stress Disorder is considered the primary reason for post-deployment divorces in the United States military (Lares & Lehenbauer, 2019). This study aims to assess cognitive behavioral couples therapy use to improve marital satisfaction among post-deployment military couples. To accomplish this, active-duty military couples will be given the couples satisfaction index, enrolled in either cognitive behavioral couples therapy or solution-focused brief couples\u27 therapy for 12 weeks, and then given the assessment again to analyze the means of each group
The Role of WWII Propaganda in Shaping Women\u27s Roles
Get PDFThis study offers a comparative qualitative analysis of World War II propaganda and how it influenced women’s labor in the United States and Canada. It investigates how each country’s cultural identity and political climate shaped propaganda messaging aimed at women and how that messaging affected public attitudes toward their roles. Using a wide range of primary sources—including propaganda posters, government studies, pamphlets, films, radio broadcasts, speeches, and oral narratives—this research highlights the stark differences in how the U.S. and Canada mobilized women during the war. In the United States, propaganda promoted female empowerment through iconic campaigns like Rosie the Riveter, encouraging women to join the workforce in a wide range of capacities. Meanwhile, Canadian messaging emphasized traditional family values, portraying women as temporary contributors to the labor force and moral defenders of the home. This project carefully analyzes how these different narratives shaped women’s experiences during the war and in the postwar period. The U.S. government\u27s message of empowerment began to challenge existing gender norms and played a role in the rise of postwar feminist movements. In contrast, the gains made by Canadian women proved more temporary, with a return to prewar gender roles after the conflict ended. This dissertation contributes to the broader historiography of gender and wartime propaganda by filling in critical gaps in histiographical studies between these two nations. It engages with existing academic research while also considering how race, class, and ethnicity and how they relate with gender in shaping women’s experiences. Ultimately, this study argues that while both countries used propaganda to mobilize women for the war effort, their differing national ideologies and cultural values led to distinctly different portrayals—and those portrayals had lasting effects on how women’s roles were understood in each country
Sensitivity of a Deep JSCC to Changes in the Number of Layers of a CNN
Get PDFImplementing convolutional neural networks in a deep joint source and channel coding (JSCC) scheme requires many hyperparameters. Although previous research has investigated the efficiency of a deep JSCC compared to traditional transmission schemes, the sensitivity of the model to differing numbers of layers has not been investigated. We have shown that a deep JSCC scheme’s sensitivity to changes in the number of layers is affected by the value of the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) for which it is trained. Utilizing code from GitHub for a deep JSCC, we modified the number of layers in the script and trained and evaluated the model to observe the impact. Evaluating models with 3, 5, and 8 layers, we observed varying sensitivity to the different number of layers at values of SNR for which the neural network was optimized. In addition, different regions of test SNR yield different performance comparisons in terms of PSNR. Thus, we observe that the value of the training and test SNR in a deep JSCC scheme can impact how the model reacts to changing numbers of layers
Developing a Database through the Analyzation and Comparison of Cartridge Casings Fired from Unknown and Known Firearms
Get PDFUsed cartridge casings are convenient in criminal investigations to trace firearms back to the spent casing found at a scene. Using class characteristic toolmarks found on these casings including headstamp, firing pin impressions, breechface marks, case design, head type, color, and measurements of the neck, body, and head can be useful in eliminating unrelated firearms and narrowing it down to a group of possible firearms. Individual characteristic toolmarks are more exclusive by narrowing it down to one specific firearm by matching striation marks found on the body of the cartridge casing to the grooves on the inside of a firearm\u27s barrel. Hundreds of casings fired from unknown firearms were donated along with samples fired from known firearms from the Liberty Gun Range to serve as controls. These samples were then measured with a caliper and analyzed under a comparison microscope. A database was created to document class and individual characteristics for further comparison research to be continued. Unknown firearm samples were compared to known firearm samples for comparison purposes within criminal investigations. It was concluded that class characteristics found on these cartridge casings generate a narrower search for matched firearms. Inconsistencies in breechface marks, firing pin shapes, firing pin marks, and extractor/ejector marks among two casings of interest propose that they came from different firearms. If both casings were found at the same crime scene, this suggests there was more than one shooter at the scene. Individual characteristics generate even narrower searches, as unique striation marks trace back to an individual firearm. Each cartridge casing that comes from the same firearm will have similar if not identical striation marks. Certain striation marks will present themselves in the same way in each casing that comes from that firearm, building a strong case for the origins of that cartridge
The Impact of Tabletop POS Systems on Restaurant Servers\u27 Tip Amounts
Get PDFThis study investigates how tabletop point-of-sale (POS) systems impact the server’s tips compared to having the check come to the table. Servers who have had tabletop POS systems come into their workplace have thought they have felt a decrease in tips because of these systems, but no research has been done on this exact topic before to validate or invalidate those feelings. This is why this study will answer the question of, “How does the use of a tabletop POS system affect restaurant server’s tip amount?” This question will be answered by a qualitative study with a quasi-experimental design, done by having a single restaurant use the tabletop pos system for a week, and then use the checks that are delivered to the table for a week, and we will analyze the data between these two weeks to see if there is any impact one way or another at all. There have been studies that have proven many things about ways that server’s tips are impacted, this can range from anything about attempting to raise customer satisfaction, to using their names more, to even if repeating an order is annoying to the customer or helpful. These are all things that have helped inform our study to be able to solely focus on the tabletop POS system. This study has many applications to it, mainly for servers and management who are working in the food and beverage industry. To keep the servers happy and more willing to stay at their job, it is helpful for managers to want to maximize their tip opportunities, and if the tabletop pos systems are being hurtful, it might impact the turnover rate. As for the servers, they want to maximize their profits at their own job
Chinese Strategic Cognitive Warfare Use of TikTok and Social Media
Get PDFThe 21st century is the era of cognitive warfare and messaging, reshaping warfare, diplomacy, and economics. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) holds that the pillars of cognitive warfare are public opinion, psychological operations, and legal influence. Further, Cognitive Warfare is actions and operations “to affect attitudes and behaviors, by influencing, protecting, or disrupting individual, group, or population level cognition, to gain an advantage over an adversary.” Cognitive warfare operations seek “to modify perceptions of reality, whole-of-society manipulation has become a new norm, with human cognition shaping to be a critical realm of warfare.” The People\u27s Republic of China (PRC) has emerged as the United States\u27 greatest adversary in cognitive operations.
The PRC is waging aggressive cognitive operations through TikTok against the United States to break America\u27s will to protect its interests. The PRC has a strategic message that drives its TikTok cognitive warfare operations. The PRC\u27s strategic message is that the PRC is the rising power that will inevitably triumph, while the United States is a corrupt power in decline that undermines the rules-based order. Also, the PRC\u27s strategic message is that the rules-based order will work better with the PRC leading it instead of the United States. The PRC is systematically waging cognitive warfare using TikTok to fuel America’s internal divisions, growth of the radical left and right, uncut faith in the American Republic and institutions, and undermining American society
Legacy of Freedom: Then and Now
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with an understanding of the United States of America freedoms and resonates from the values that Liberty University instills in their students. There has been a long journey towards the freedoms that we have today through the United States of America founding principles that must be protected. This protection gives meaning to life, family, speech, constitutional protections, the Church, and sanctity of life. All but some of these principles are under attack, calling for an introspective view of how to properly deal with such protections and the development of God-given freedoms. Whether it be legal & regulatory issues, upholding liberty and justice, or foreign policy & international issues; Specifically, the focus will be on legal & regulatory matters. There is a pressing issue within the country of Syria. As Asad’s rule and opportunities have fallen, the United States has issued sanctions, tried to transition, and further instituted a foreign policy that will stop the violence overseas and support the future of Syria. These issues and more will be discussed further
Novus Ordo Seclorum: Making the Case for Natural Law Originalism
Get PDFThe judicial branch of the American government is tasked with interpreting and applying the law, including determining whether laws and executive actions are constitutional. This is the essence of judicial review.
Throughout our nation’s history, various judicial philosophies have shaped how judges have interpreted the Constitution. However, recent criticisms of the judiciary have become increasingly aggressive, with calls for court packing, and even the abolishment of judicial review. These solutions miss the mark. The answer lies in returning to our founding principles. This paper advocates for a judicial philosophy that synthesizes the best elements of various approaches to jurisprudence.
This paper proposes Natural Law Originalism as the ideal judicial philosophy. Aligned with the American tradition of law, natural law originalist jurisprudence integrates the immutable truths of human nature with the exercise of judicial review, particularly in interpreting ambiguous positive law. Under this philosophy, judges are called to interpret ambiguous laws through the lens of universal truths inherent in human nature while remaining faithful to the Constitution’s clear textual mandates.
This paper explores the historical development of natural law jurisprudence, tracing its influence through the history of the Western legal tradition, from Cicero and Aquinas to Blackstone and the American founders, most notably James Wilson. It examines how natural law informed early constitutional debates. Ultimately, it contends that a judiciary informed by natural law principles ensures justice, preserves human dignity, and safeguards the republic by aligning legal interpretations with timeless moral truths, bringing positive law more into alignment with morality.
Finally, this paper demonstrates how a return to judicial review grounded in natural law and the Christian ethic can resolve the flaws in modern case law on contentious social issues, including the role of the Church, parental choice, same-sex marriage, abortion, and “transgender rights.