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Tough Decisions: Balancing Statutory Authority with Moral Obligation in the Federal Law Enforcement Community
Get PDFFollowing the 2022 tragedy at Robb Elementary School in Uvalde, Texas, where an armed assailant killed 21 people and injured 17 others, the U.S. Department of Justice released a critical incident review of the law enforcement response. Absent in the Justice Department’s response was an analysis of the lack of statutory law enforcement authority for the 150 federal law enforcement officers who responded to the school that day. This qualitative phenomenological study aims to examine federal law enforcement officers’ understanding of their statutory authority to exercise police powers. It sought to understand the decision-making process of federal law enforcement officers faced with situations where they feel a moral responsibility to take action to stop threats to life outside the scope of their statutory authority. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with federal law enforcement officers to examine their understanding of their authority and the decisions they make in situations where their authority is unclear. The study finds participants prioritized saving lives over statutes, driven by duty and responsibility. Participants also noted ambiguities in statutes and policies, recognizing the chasm between moral obligation, statutory constraints, and public perception. The study reveals that federal law enforcement officers face more than just physical dangers when responding to save lives during critical incidents that fall outside the scope of their statutory authority. Implications for lawmakers and agency leaders tasked with balancing the statutory authority of federal law enforcement officers with society’s expectations for them to act in situations where lives are at risk are also explored
Young Adult Fiction Through the Years: An Analysis of What Readers Want
Get PDFIn this literary critique, I discuss the advantages of reading young adult fiction, specifically fantasy. I define what young adult fantasy is, and then analyze some of the most famous young adult book series and discuss how popular they are and how they contribute to the genre. I also discuss works that are relevant to the creative piece I am submitting and explain why my piece has a place in the world of young adult fantasy. Finally, I acknowledge what I hope to contribute to the field
A Qualitative Phenomenological Study of Military Veterans\u27 Lived Experiences with the Cultural Transition Process: Navigating from the Military Culture to Civilian Life
Get PDFThe purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the process of cultural reintegration of service members from the military culture to the civilian culture, and to critically examine the implementation of existing Department of Defense (DoD) military transition policies designed to facilitate this reintegration. Policy implementation theory, pioneered by Jeffrey Pressman and Aaron Wildavsky, served as a framework to evaluate the efficacy of the DoD’s Transition Assistance Program (TAP) in supporting cultural reintegration. The study also drew upon the military transition theory, pioneered by Carl Castro and Sara Kintzle, which highlights the acculturation challenges faced by veterans, due to a significant cultural gap impacting veterans’ personal and professional lives. Using qualitative interviews and document analysis, findings from this study identified key themes: the sense of disconnection veterans experience following separation from service and the necessity for them to redefine their personal and professional identities in civilian life. Additionally, while TAP aims to support the successful transition of service members into civilian life, findings from this study suggest that transitioning service members require a more comprehensive program to address unanticipated cultural and identity-related challenges. This study positions the military-to-civilian transition process as a critical issue in governance. Empirically, findings suggest the need for more coordinated, long-term support systems that involve federal, state, and local governments. Findings from this study also advance public administration’s role in advocating for a more comprehensive approach, emphasizing that transition support must go beyond employment to include cultural reintegration, ultimately enhancing veterans’ preparedness for navigating the complexities of post-service life
The Apologetic Method of Thomas B. Warren: A Presentation of His Case and a Biblical Assessment
Get PDFPhilosopher of religion and biblical theist Thomas B. Warren insists that the philosopher and theologian, and all, must do more than try to collect information and leave the matter there. Especially when dealing with matters of great import, to make one’s case, one must take the added step of forming an argument. “What is your argument?” he often asked. Accordingly, he worked out a precisely worded argument, valid in form, all of whose premises, he believes, are true, that he then defends as the basic argument of biblical Christianity. He specifies that its conclusion is the overall theme of the Bible, and that this theme is, Jesus Christ is the Son of God and that to be saved from the consequence of sin (eternal separation from God) one must believe in, love and obey him. Warren’s argument includes, in logical sequence, evidence for knowing that God exists, then evidence for knowing that the Bible is the word of God, and then evidence for knowing that the Bible teaches this basic theme. Further, he also holds that this argument can show that any doctrine the Bible teaches (call it X) is true—where God is presenting his case: This is accomplished by replacing the basic theme with X. For example, he holds that the Bible teaches Jesus Christ is deity. So, since God exists and the Bible is the word of God and the Bible teaches Jesus Christ is deity, then Jesus Christ IS deity. The dissertation presents Warren’s case in detail, and provides a biblical assessment of it. The thesis is that Warren’s argument is consistent with biblical teaching
Parenting Strategies for Adult Abuse Victims
Get PDFThe purpose of this phenomenological proposal is to describe adults with past childhood trauma’s parenting experiences in Missouri. Growing up in an abusive household, I saw how not to parent my children once I was older. Not everyone thinks this way. Children who grow up in an abusive household do not always develop resiliency. Due to these effects, the following proposal will look at how these adults are impacted when it comes to their parenting styles. Parenting is difficult, to begin with, let alone working through your issues. Generational abuse is a common occurrence. The main research question that will be reviewed in this proposal is: How do adults with past childhood trauma describe their parenting experiences? Along with understanding how adults describe their past trauma and how they form attachment styles with their children. Overall, the proposal will review what additional parenting strategies adults need to parent their children to ensure generational abuse does not continue. There is a gap in understanding the correct way to record a person’s description of their abuse and this study will review several methods to collect the correct account of past abuse. Learning effective strategies to be a parent after childhood abuse will begin to end the cycle of abuse
Religiosity and Dating Relationships: How Individual and Dyadic Religiosity Influence the Dating Relationship Quality Among Indonesian Dating Couples
Get PDFThe study is a replication of the previous study conducted by Aragoni et al. (2021) to follow up on the future direction of the study by replicating the study within a new population of Indonesia. Research on how religiosity influences marital quality has been widely addressed, but little research has been conducted on the population of dating couples. Collectivism and religiosity are strongly embedded within the culture of Indonesia, which influence how Indonesian people view interpersonal relationships. Thus, the present study is critical because it addresses how much religiosity influences dating relationship quality among Indonesian dating couples. Religiosity as an independent variable is assessed on two sub-variables: individual religiosity and dyadic religiosity. Dating relationship quality as a dependent variable is measured by three sub-variables: relationship satisfaction, commitment, and negative interaction. Each sub-variable will be measured using appropriate scales in the form of online surveys. The study has a total of 84 participants and it uses a cross-sectional, quantitative approach. The data is analyzed using a multiple linear regression method to determine the relationship between the religiosity variables and the relationship quality variables. The findings suggested that there was no significant association between individual religiosity and relationship quality among Indonesian heterosexual dating couples. On the other hand, there was a significant association between dyadic religiosity and relationship quality among Indonesian heterosexual dating couples as measured by relationship satisfaction, commitment, and negative interaction. The analysis suggested that dyadic religiosity was a more influential predictor than individual religiosity in predicting relationship quality in our samples. Future research should consider conducting the study using a qualitative method and narrative analysis, exploring the moderating effect of individual religiosity on the relationship between dyadic religiosity and relationship quality, and conducting the study with different types of populations (e.g., homosexual communities or Indonesian diverse cultural groups and tribes)
Fishing for Justice: The Legal and Moral Case for \u3ci\u3eLoper Bright\u3c/i\u3e
Get PDFBy overturning Chevron in Loper Bright, the Supreme Court came to the right conclusion, legally and morally. A textual reading of the Administrative Procedure Act requires courts to decide cases and controversies de novo, without deferring to any litigant. Just because a government agency is a party does not mean courts suddenly lose their ability to interpret statutes, even ones with challenging language. Many commentators argue the practical outcome of this decision will be limited and courts will simply reframe “deference” into “delegation.” I disagree. I think the impact of this case will be a sea-change for administrative law. Importantly, it will help the parties that need it the most: small businesses and individuals who, previously, never stood a chance in court against the federal government. Not only is this the right outcome statutorily, and perhaps constitutionally, but it is also the proper moral and biblical outcome. In all the academic discussions of administrative law, commenters frequently miss the little guy. But to consider how overturning Chevron might change lives, one need look no further than the fishermen here
Lawful and Helpful: \u3ci\u3eCulley v. Marshall\u3c/i\u3e and the Question of Sufficient Due Process in Civil Asset Forfeiture Proceedings
Get PDFCivil asset forfeiture is commonplace in America, with ultimately billions of dollars seized by law enforcement annually. In Alabama, two distinct “innocent owners” challenged the constitutionality of the state’s civil asset forfeiture statutory scheme when their respective vehicles were seized. As the cases made their way through the federal courts, they were consolidated on appeal and ultimately brought before the U.S. Supreme Court. The consolidated case, Culley v. Marshall, specifically raised the narrow question of whether due process required a civil asset forfeiture action to hold a preliminary hearing at the threshold of the matter, akin to criminal proceedings. This preliminary hearing would help determine the legitimacy of the seizure and provide third parties the opportunity to raise the “innocent owner” defense to the forfeiture. The Court in Culley found that controlling precedent already answered the question. In short, while a timely hearing was required under the Fourteenth Amendment’s Due Process Clause, another hearing—whether it be preliminary, remission, or otherwise—was not. The dissent, unpersuaded by precedent and concerned by the publicized abuses involving the practice, would have simply ruled on which due process test controlled and remanded it back to the lower courts.
Looking at the case from a biblical worldview warrants analysis on two levels. First, it must be determined whether the practice of civil asset forfeiture, generally, comports with a biblical worldview. Second, and more specifically, it must be determined whether a civil asset forfeiture action that lacks a preliminary hearing violates a biblical worldview. Looking through the Blackstonian lens of the Law of Nature and Nature’s God, one finds ample support for the practice as a legitimate exercise of governmental power. In conducting a biblical worldview analysis, it must be determined (1) whether jurisdiction has been given to the civil magistrate to carry out the practice; and (2) whether the American constitutional system (specifically federalism and separation of powers) permits the government’s action. First, as to civil asset forfeiture generally, both questions are answered in the affirmative. Second, as to a civil asset forfeiture action that lacks a preliminary hearing, while the Law of Nature and Nature’s God does not compel such a hearing, biblical principles counsel in favor of providing the additional procedural safeguard