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Childhood Emotional Maltreatment: A Phenomenological Approach of Its Influence on Adult Attachment and Romantic Relationships
This phenomenological qualitative study examined the lasting effects, if any, of childhood emotional maltreatment (CEM) on adult females\u27 romantic relationships. The research explored participants’ perceptions of relationship fundamentals that influence adult attachment formation and the quality of romantic relationships, emphasizing the crucial role of adult attachment in relational quality and overall well-being. Online, two-part semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant, yielding a total of 22 interviews. These interviews investigated the participants’ perceptions of how CEM shaped their views of their own and others’ behaviors within adult romantic relationships. The study focused exclusively on adult female survivors of CEM, excluding instances involving sexual or physical abuse. It examined their coping mechanisms, levels of relationship satisfaction, and conflict resolution strategies. Thematic analysis of the interview data and associated questionnaire responses revealed the significance of CEM in shaping relational dynamics. These findings aim to inform strategies for enhancing emotional well-being and fostering resilience in romantic relationships among survivors. Presented through a composite description, the findings illuminate the potential influence of CEM on adult romantic experiences and underscore the importance of addressing these impacts to support overall psychological health and relationship quality
The Title of my Project: Screen Time and Children\u27s Health
Excessive screen time is harmfully affecting families emotionally, physically, and mentally (Brindova et al., 2014). Eating habits, physical exercise, sufficient sleep each night, and communication with family and peers are increasingly declining as screen time is increasing (Siegle, 2017). With the rise in screen time, young people are spending more time alone (Gingold et al., 2014). Behrens et al. (2019) “explored the cause of anxiety and depression in children as it relates to the use of technology” (p. 474). Since the increase in technological advances, there has also been an increase in cyberbullying. “Setting limits on the amount of time children spend on screens is key to a child’s overall health and well-being and family connections” (Bounova et al., 2018, p. 5). The households that spend time with each other, exercising, communicating, and practicing healthy eating habits are overall stronger. Parenting styles give some indication of how much time is allowed on screen. “While technology has changed the world and has become vital to people’s way of life, individual needs have not changed” (Ray, 2016). Ray (2016) said, “children still have the same needs, such as feeling safe, cared for, and healthy.” The hope of this investigation is to discover the connection between time on electronics, parenting styles, overall family health, and family make-up
A Comparison of School Index Score and Per-Pupil Spending of Four School Environments
This quantitative study examined the relationship between school environment and both school index scores and per-pupil spending across four distinct public school types in Michigan: in-person district schools, in-person charter schools, virtual district schools, and virtual charter schools. The primary purpose was to explore whether significant differences exist in the school index scores and per-pupil expenditures among these school environments, with particular attention to virtual schools, which remain underrepresented within educational policy research. Initial analysis using MANOVA was supplemented with non-parametric testing due to violations of normality assumptions. Findings indicate significant differences in both spending and school index scores across school types when comparing in-person district, in-person charter, and virtual schools. However, when comparing virtual district and virtual charter schools, findings were non-significant. These results suggest that school governance structure (charter versus district) may have less influence on outcomes in virtual environments than previously assumed. The study proposes a policy to define quality online learning and operationalize a measurement tool to evaluate virtual schools based on the metrics of quality online programs as defined by the National Standards for Quality Online Learning. The findings inform educational policy debates concerning funding equity, accountability, and the need for contextually appropriate evaluation systems for online learning environments
Christian Schoolteachers’ Shared Experiences of Learning and Teaching in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the East Coast of the United States
This phenomenological study sought to better understand and describe the lived experiences of Christian schoolteachers who provided in-person instruction during COVID-19. Using a qualitative phenomenological design, 12 ACSI Christian schoolteachers from the East Coast of the United States were asked to share their stories of providing in-person instruction during the fall of 2020. While studies have explored the challenges and adaptations of public-school educators during COVID-19, there remains a significant gap in understanding the experiences of Christian schoolteachers who navigated in-person instruction amidst the pandemic. The gap highlights the need for focused research to capture the unique perspectives, challenges, and coping strategies of Christian schoolteachers who continued in-person instruction in the fall of 2020. The grounding theories for this study were social learning theory, social constructivism theory, and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. These three theories helped identify key themes from participant experiences to integrate a universal description of the experiences for analysis (Dewi et al., 2025). The study bridged a critical gap in both empirical and theoretical literature by showing how educators in Christian schools responded not just with innovation, but with intentionality, resilience, and deeply rooted faith
The Apologetic Implications of Paul\u27s First Missionary Journey
This thesis takes a careful look at Paul’s first missionary speech in Acts 13 and the larger narrative of his first missionary journey in Acts 14, asking two main questions: What is Paul saying in his first recorded sermon, and what can the modern church learn from it, particularly when it comes to apologetics and suffering? Through literary and exegetical analysis, this study examines how Paul’s message fits into the broader narrative of Acts, paying special attention to the historical setting, rhetorical flow, and theological implications of the speech. The research is grounded in a wide range of scholarship and engages with perspectives that challenge and refine the author\u27s own.
The heart of the project is to uncover apologetic insights that can equip the church today, especially in a cultural moment where suffering is often misunderstood or ignored. Acts 13 and 14 reveal that suffering was not a side note in the early church; it was central to the mission. By understanding Paul’s words and example, the church can better prepare to defend the gospel not just intellectually, but through lives marked by faithfulness in hardship. This thesis aims to bring these insights to light in a way that is both academically responsible and practically useful for believers, especially those seeking to engage others with clarity and conviction in a skeptical world
The Problem of Selective Miracles
The problem of evil designates an umbrella of similarly related arguments linked together by family characteristics. Within this larger genus, the problem of selective miracles stands apart as a particularly underdeveloped species of argument that analytical and philosophical theologians have failed to adequately reckon with. By contextualizing this peculiar argument within an adequate metaethical framework, this article synthesizes a deontological framework with the elucidating work of John Peckham and his cosmic warfare theodicy. It further repudiates alternative approaches to the problem of selective miracles proffered by consequentialists and process theologians. In sum, the article contends that Peckham\u27s cosmic warfare theodicy paired with a deontological foundation offers the most promising avenue in addressing the mystifying problem of selective miracles
The Employment of Apoptosis in Embryonic Development
Programmed cell death is necessary for the elimination of excess or damaged cells in all stages of life, but this is especially true during embryonic and fetal development of mammals. Beginning before implantation and continuing until birth, both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis are employed within mammalian embryos to ensure the viability of the organism, proper organ morphogenesis, integrity of the genetic material, and the high quality of the germ line. The formation of both transient and permanent ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal structures often involves apoptosis. In this review, a selection of apoptotic events within each germ layer and occurrences of apoptotic dysregulation will be discussed. The study of apoptosis in mammalian development demonstrates the meticulous genetic control necessary for life
Means of Evangelization in the Catholic Church through Music
There are numerous resources for Catholic churches today to encourage a congregation’s full involvement in musical participation, but there is little guidance or information on how these practices help with evangelization. The evangelization process is essential to the healthy growth of the church on Earth and for the salvation of believers. Musical resources give an eclectic variety of music, all of which is methodically written by its composers. After the COVID-19 pandemic, many church choirs have struggled to return, with some churches abandoning the use of large choirs and opting for a single soloist to lead the congregation. This leads to a centrality of soloists’ talent rather than a centrality of the gospel and the building up of the church community. Through this qualitative study, the opinions of Catholic music directors were compiled regarding how they believe music plays a role in evangelization and the growth of the church, and by which means they implement sung music in their churches. Their feedback included their opinions, generated in verbal, picture, or video form, whether a written description of their experience with group singing and evangelization or a video showing appropriate examples. The study serves as a guide for Catholic music ministers, clergy, and volunteers concerning musical implementation in liturgies and church for the sake of activities
How Personality Type Can Inform Strategic Discipleship
Despite many Americans growing up in the church, there is a wide disparity gap in how many of those Christians are heading down a path of greater intimacy with God. Rather than this gap being a result of lackluster desire for something more, research shows that the disconnect stems from a lack of understanding in how to connect with God beyond the theories and philosophies individuals have acquired in church. Churches and discipleship programs, therefore, should consider developing strategies for spiritual development informed by the range of personality types based on Jung’s psychological types. Each person has a God-given way that they naturally receive, process, and interact with information and individuals. Guided by Jung’s research and discipleship experimentation, research through qualitative means can reveal the effectiveness and limitations of allowing personality type to inform strategic discipleship. By understanding how personality type can inform individual discipleship, churches will be able to find effective ways to provide platforms, both comfortable and challenging, for individuals to connect with God as it pertains to their God-given tendencies. A primary goal of worship planning is to create a doctrinally sound worship experience that is well rounded in its approach by incorporating elements that target each of the eight personality type indicators. Research suggests that concepts found within Jung’s research can be an aid to reinvigorating the lives of many Christians as they embark on their spiritual journey
The Role of Persuasive Rhetoric in the Dynamic Transformation of a Mediatized Social Drama: A Thematic Analysis of the 2023 Maui Wildfire
On August 8, 2023, one of the deadliest wildfires in American history occurred in Maui County, Hawaii. The wildfires’ unprecedented impact on the town of Lahaina caused a tremendous loss of life, cultural artifacts, and property. Many suffered unimaginable conditions to survive the rapidly spreading flames, and thousands were displaced. While this tragedy evolved through the journalistic lens of the news media, reports showcased the dynamic phases of social drama punctuated by persuasive rhetoric. Mediatized hope appeals were leveraged to influence a change in the audience\u27s attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors, revealing divergent goals for future expectations. How can mediatized messages of persuasive hope influence future expectations in a social drama? This rhetorical investigation equips communication researchers with an understanding of persuasive hope’s impact on the dynamic transformation of a mediatized social drama