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OER+ScholComm Summer 2023
Get PDFOER + ScholComm is an IMLS-funded collaboration to research the ideal components of and develop a corpus of open educational resources that supports formal and continuing education preparing librarians to work in and advocate for change in the scholarly communication landscape.This report provides background and present status on a collaboration that has resulted in an open textbook and a corpus of additional open teaching and learning materials scoped to scholarly communication topics. It concludes with next steps, calls to action, and our appreciation for everyone who supported us and partnered with us to do this work
Computing the decomposable entropy of belief-function graphical models
Get PDFIn 2018, Jiroušek and Shenoy proposed a definition of entropy for Dempster-Shafer (D-S) belief functions called decomposable entropy (d-entropy). This paper provides an algorithm for computing the d-entropy of directed graphical D-S belief function models. We illustrate the algorithm using Almond's Captain's Problem example. For belief function undirected graphical models, assuming that the set of belief functions in the model is non-informative, the belief functions are distinct. We illustrate this using Haenni-Lehmann's Communication Network problem. As the joint belief function for this model is quasi-consonant, it follows from a property of d-entropy that the d-entropy of this model is zero, and no algorithm is required. For a class of undirected graphical models, we provide an algorithm for computing the d-entropy of such models. Finally, the d-entropy coincides with Shannon's entropy for the probability mass function of a single random variable and for a large multi-dimensional probability distribution expressed as a directed acyclic graph model called a Bayesian network. We illustrate this using Lauritzen-Spiegelhalter's Chest Clinic example represented as a belief-function directed graphical model
Coevolution of the Tlx homeobox gene with medusa development (Cnidaria: Medusozoa)
Get PDFCnidarians display a wide diversity of life cycles. Among the main cnidarian clades, only Medusozoa possesses a swimming life cycle stage called the medusa, alternating with a benthic polyp stage. The medusa stage was repeatedly lost during medusozoan evolution, notably in the most diverse medusozoan class, Hydrozoa. Here, we show that the presence of the homeobox gene Tlx in Cnidaria is correlated with the presence of the medusa stage, the gene having been lost in clades that ancestrally lack a medusa (anthozoans, endocnidozoans) and in medusozoans that secondarily lost the medusa stage. Our characterization of Tlx expression indicate an upregulation of Tlx during medusa development in three distantly related medusozoans, and spatially restricted expression patterns in developing medusae in two distantly related species, the hydrozoan Podocoryna carnea and the scyphozoan Pelagia noctiluca. These results suggest that Tlx plays a key role in medusa development and that the loss of this gene is likely linked to the repeated loss of the medusa life cycle stage in the evolution of Hydrozoa
Two Decades of Wildlife Pathogen Surveillance: Case Study of Choclo orthohantavirus and Its Wild Reservoir Oligoryzomys costaricensis
Get PDFThe Costa Rican pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys costaricensis) is the primary reservoir of Choclo orthohantavirus (CHOV), the causal agent of hantavirus disease, pulmonary syndrome, and fever in humans in Panama. Since the emergence of CHOV in early 2000, we have systematically sampled and archived rodents from >150 sites across Panama to establish a baseline understanding of the host and virus, producing a permanent archive of holistic specimens that we are now probing in greater detail. We summarize these collections and explore preliminary habitat/virus associations to guide future wildlife surveillance and public health efforts related to CHOV and other zoonotic pathogens. Host sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene form a single monophyletic clade in Panama, despite wide distribution across Panama. Seropositive samples were concentrated in the central region of western Panama, consistent with the ecology of this agricultural commensal and the higher incidence of CHOV in humans in that region. Hantavirus seroprevalence in the pygmy rice rat was >15% overall, with the highest prevalence in agricultural areas (21%) and the lowest prevalence in shrublands (11%). Host–pathogen distribution, transmission dynamics, genomic evolution, and habitat affinities can be derived from the preserved samples, which include frozen tissues, and now provide a foundation for expanded investigations of orthohantaviruses in Panama
Social Determinants of Health & Racial Equity
Get PDFThe objective of this assessment was to determine community agency awareness, documentation, and implementation of efforts to address social drivers/determinants of health. Stakeholders were able to identify internal formal programs or policies with distinct initiatives, but shared that workforce turnover and staffing shortages in behavioral health were creating challenges in implementing programs and practices
Ligand Gaussian Accelerated Molecular Dynamics 2 (LiGaMD2): Improved Calculations of Ligand Binding Thermodynamics and Kinetics with Closed Protein Pocket
No full textThis document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation, Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.2c01194.Ligand binding thermodynamics and kinetics are critical parameters for drug design. However, it has proven challenging to efficiently predict ligand binding thermodynamics and kinetics from molecular simulations due to limited simulation timescales. Protein dynamics, especially in the ligand binding pocket, often plays an important role in ligand binding. Based on our previously developed Ligand Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics (LiGaMD), here we present LiGaMD2 in which a selective boost potential was applied to both the ligand and protein residues in the binding pocket to improve sampling of ligand binding and dissociation. To validate the performance of LiGaMD2, the T4 lysozyme (T4L) mutants with open and closed pockets bound by different ligands were chosen as model systems. LiGaMD2 could efficiently capture repetitive ligand dissociation and binding within microsecond simulations of all T4L systems. The obtained ligand binding kinetic rates and free energies agreed well with available experimental values and previous modeling results. Therefore, LiGaMD2 provides an improved approach to sample opening of closed protein pockets for ligand dissociation and binding, thereby allowing for efficient calculations of ligand binding thermodynamics and kinetics
“ALL IS VANITY AND EVANESCENCE”: MANIFESTATIONS OF PURE LAND BUDDHISM WITHIN THE TALE OF THE HEIKE
Get PDFSubmitted to the Department of History of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for departmental honors
A College Try: The People’s College of Fort Scott Kansas
Get PDFSubmitted to the Department of History of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for departmental honors
Accentological observations on the reconstruction of the Late Common Slavic dialect of Pannonia
No full textThe paper represents the authors’ first attempt to collect the accentual peculiarities recoverable from the extinct Late Common Slavic dialect traditionally named “Pannonian” Slavic as a prequel to their entry the topic for the Encyclopedia of Slavic Languages and Linguistics. The difficulty of defining this dialect is acknowledged (distinct, transitional), for which reason the authors take an agnostic view, focusing not just on the traditional notion of the Slavic speech community that disappeared from the Carpathian Basin with language shift to Hungarian from the 9–12 cc., but also the surviving dialect areas that might be provisionally labeled “circum-Pannonian,” which potentially includes the Czecho-Slovak areal, SW Ukrainian, Slovene, Kajkavian, and W peripheral areas of Štokavian
Human and machine recognition of dynamic and static facial expressions: prototypicality, ambiguity, and complexity
No full textA growing body of research suggests that movement aids facial expression recognition. However, less is known about the conditions under which the dynamic advantage occurs. The aim of this research was to test emotion recognition in static and dynamic facial expressions, thereby exploring the role of three featural parameters (prototypicality, ambiguity, and complexity) in human and machine analysis. In two studies, facial expression videos and corresponding images depicting the peak of the target and non-target emotion were presented to human observers and the machine classifier (FACET). Results revealed higher recognition rates for dynamic stimuli compared to non-target images. Such benefit disappeared in the context of target-emotion images which were similarly well (or even better) recognised than videos, and more prototypical, less ambiguous, and more complex in appearance than non-target images. While prototypicality and ambiguity exerted more predictive power in machine performance, complexity was more indicative of human emotion recognition. Interestingly, recognition performance by the machine was found to be superior to humans for both target and non-target images. Together, the findings point towards a compensatory role of dynamic information, particularly when static-based stimuli lack relevant features of the target emotion. Implications for research using automatic facial expression analysis (AFEA) are discussed