16168 research outputs found
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Towards interoperable building energy performance simulation: a digital twin perspective /
No full textSeamless integration between Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Building Energy Performance Simulation (BEPS) plays an important role in the sustainable design and operation of buildings. This study explores the main causes of interoperability issues in the BIM-to-BEPS workflow, highlighting the limitations of the standardization framework and file-based data exchange methods. Analysis of domain-specific ISO standards showed that most focus on organizational processes and overlook semantic interoperability, which is essential for automated data exchange. An experimental evaluation of two BIM-to-BEPS workflows using Autodesk Revit, EnergyPlus, and TRNSYS further confirmed that even when open data standards such as IFC are used, translation errors in both geometry and semantics are common and require significant manual correction. The paper argues that reliance on file-based exchange creates barriers to interoperability and proposes a shift toward semantic web technologies, linked data, and API integration to better support the widespread adoption of Digital Twins
Epithets and their translations in advertising texts of lithuanian jewelry designer shop “YURGA”.
No full textJewelry has been a fascinating subject since the earliest times of human civilization, so it’s not surprising that jewelry is still an important part of life today, and a status symbol. In the global trade market, the enormous competition to sell jewelry requires the use of various sales strategies and effective advertising. To solve these conundrums, a variety of artistic and rhetorical expressions can come in hand. The final project is devoted to a review one of these tools - epithets and their translations in the advertising texts of Lithuanian jewelry designers. The choice for picking Lithuanian jewelry makers’ advertising texts and their translations as an object was made because although in Lithuanian linguistics one can find studies on Lithuanian advertising and its peculiarities, but these are general scientific research articles and there is still a lack of concrete understanding that describes the use of epithets for these types of advertising texts as a whole, so this final project is one of the first steps into this under-researched area. The final project aims to look at how Lithuanian jewelry designer copywriters use epithets and what solutions they use to translate them. Jewelry advertising texts are chosen because they show a strong use of this rhetorical device, but it is observed that there are often difficulties in creating and translating texts of this type. Creativity is often avoided and texts look unnatural, so the aim of the thesis is to look at the usage of epithets and their translations into English in advertising texts of the Lithuanian jewelry store YURGA. This shop was chosen because of its very extensive range of jewelry and the abundance of product descriptions. The project’s objectives are set and carried out by introducing aspects of language of advertising, then describing the importance of various artistic and rhetorical expressions in advertisment language, introducing various definitions of an epithet and finally, various techniques for text translation. According to theoretical sources, the use of different rhetorical figures and persuasive tools in advertising language is undeniably impactful on the success of advertising message. An epithet vividly describes an object, a phenomenon or a person, and in order to translate it well, a suitable translation technique must be chosen. The study shows that YURGA’s copywriters avoid creative translation when drafting and translating texts, and that the translations of epithets is mostly done using literal translation technique, but tat doesn’t negate the effect of persuasion. The vast majority of epithets are adjectival and participial epithets, with the highest number of epithets come from the lexical semantic group of Value. This decision from copywriters to use this lexical semantic group of epithets is likely based for the intent to convey positive emotions to the customer as convincingly as possible, therefore epithets are most often utilized in emphasizing important peculiarities of pieces of jewelry such as worth, what kind of metal is used and what they symbolize
A method for detecting suspicious links in emails.
No full textAlthough the technology of email is historically over 60 years old, it remains popular to this day due to its simplicity and versatility. It allows users to quickly and efficiently send messages and documents to remote recipients using internet connectivity. The main threats to email are phishing, the distribution of malicious files and the inclusion of harmful links in email messages. As technology evolves, such emails become increasingly convincing, making it harder to identify if the content is malicious. During the analysis, several email plugins were found that allow for the analysis of links within emails. However, only a few of them operated reliably and provided real benefits in helping to protect users from opening malicious links. Malicious links are most often detected using lexical or static analysis, checking links against blacklists, or applying machine learning models. Nevertheless, scientific literature identifies the most effective and accurate method for detecting malicious links as the combination of all three analytical approaches. When comparing different machine learning methods, the most accurate results in identifying malicious links are achieved using the Random Forest method. In the implementation of the project, blacklists were used to quickly and accurately identify known threats. For detecting previously unknown malicious links, lexical and domain feature analysis was performed, enabling the prediction of link reliability based on predefined indicators. Link prediction was carried out using a trained machine learning model based on the Random Forest method. Using this approach, an accuracy of 97.41% was achieved. When presenting results to the email user regarding the safety of links in an email, it was decided to display not only the link’s status but also, in the case of detected malicious links, to list all malicious features identified. Listing these features aims not only to inform the email user about potentially harmful links but also to serve an educational purpose, teaching users how to independently recognize potentially malicious content
Investigation on vehicle tire aquaplaning.
No full textIn XXI century, vehicles are a part of many people’s lives. While vehicle driving speeds are increasing more and more often do we see one of the water and tire interaction phenomenon’s – aquaplaning. It is a phenomenon when a tire rolls on a water film and is subjected to a water generated hydrodynamic force. When the force is increasing there is a point upon which tire is lifted from the road and a full tire aquaplaning is reached. Because of the importance of this phenomenon to this day and to driver’s safety this works focus was to analyze parameters that influence aquaplaning speed by using empirical and numerical methods. After literature analysis it was found that parameters that influence critical aquaplaning speed are rut depth, tire pressure, wheel load force, water film thickness, thread design, thread wear and tire stiffness. These parameters were evaluated by creating a finite element model using “Ansys LS-DYNA” software. For this research a finite element model was created where water and tire interactions were described by using smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method and stiff bodies with Lagrangian elements. For this research three different tire models were created: tire with no thread, with longitudinal grooves and a tire with longitudinal and 45 degree lateral grooves. When doing calculations, it was analyzed at what speed the tire will reach critical aquaplaning when using different sets of parameters. After performing numerical and empirical calculations it was found that empirical calculations show higher aquaplaning speed than numerical methods in all instances. That might have been because in empirical calculations rut depth and exact thread design was not considered. After performing numerical calculations, it was found that hydroplaning speed for a tire without groove was the worst at 51,5 km/h while the best aquaplaning speed was reached for a tire with longitudinal and lateral grooves at 62,7 km/h because of better water dissipation. After analyzing parameters that influence aquaplaning speed it was found that the most influence on aquaplaning speed had water film thickness where it was found that decreasing film thickness from 15 to 5 mm increases hydroplaning speed for tire without thread about 33 % and for tire with lateral grooves about 55 %. Also, it was found that wheel load force had a significant influence as well where increasing wheel load force by 1000 N aquaplaning speed increased by up to 15 %. The least influence to aquaplaning speed had tire stiffness where it was found that increasing tire stiffness to all tires yielded only up to 6 % increase in aquaplaning speed
Branduolių magnetinio rezonanso vaizdinimo kokybės patikros rekomendacijų parengimas Lietuvos gydymo įstaigoms.
No full textMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) along with computed tomography (CT) is a gold standard for diagnosis of lesions. It is known that diagnostic procedures are strictly regulated, and quality control (QC) is a part of these regulations. However, Lithuania lacks official national QC regulations for MRI and every clinic is trying to overcome this regulatory gap using its own MRI scanning protocol, most often following existing American standards providing functional standardized quality assurance protocols to fill this regulatory void. This investigation is aimed at creating and validating an MRI quality control (QC) protocol which can be used in Lithuanian clinical environments. The investigation relies on the phantom based QC measurements performed evaluating three MRI scanners: Siemens Magnetom Skyra (3T), Siemens Magnetom Altea (1.5T), and Philips Ingenia Prodiva (1.5T). Following phantom based QC tests have been performed: measurements of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), image uniformity (PIU), geometric distortion, low-contrast detectability and high-contrast spatial resolution. The obtained results matched with American OC standards showing just minor variations among devices and sequences. This allowed for development of the unified recommendations for the creation of national MRI QC protocol. The implementation of such protocol would lead to the uniform requirements for image quality, diagnostic dependability and better patient protection throughout the country
Application of artificial intelligence methods for strategy games.
No full textThis paper presents the application of artificial intelligence methods in strategy genre computer video games, using a developed prototype. The game prototype serves as a foundation for AI method demonstration and evaluation. The purpose of the game prototype and research is to assist individual strategy game creators in the game creation process by giving them open-source AI application examples. In doing so, this work aims to reduce the gap between game development corporations, who keep their proprietary AI models private, and the general game developer community. The literature review analyses AI application in video games, its history and types. It also analyses the selected key areas in strategy games, where AI methods, such as procedural map generation and pathfiding. The advantages and disadvantages of the selected AI methods, used in these areas are also analysed. The experimental part of this work presents 3 distinct studies that evaluate 3 different AI methods: procedural map generation, pathfinding and blackboard system. For each of them, hypotheses were formulated, reasearch methodology was established, comparisons with alternatives were made, and the outcomes were documented. Based on the results of these studies, this work provides recommendations for further improvement of aforementioned methods, proposes alternatives where necessary, checks the validity of the formulated hypotheses and summarizes key findings
Development and research of a heat pumps system control algorithm.
No full textThis thesis explores the potential for optimizing the control of heat pump systems in response to fluctuating electricity market prices. To reduce heating costs and enhance the building's energy flexibility, a mathematical model of a heat distribution substation was developed and analyzed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The model replicates the control logic of a real-world system and is supplemented with an algorithm that dynamically adjusts the return water temperature setpoint based on electricity price variations—introducing boost, pre-boost, and peak pricing modes. Three experiments were conducted, each comparing the performance of the non-optimized and optimized models. The simulations used real outdoor air temperature and electricity price data, while the evaluation was based on electricity consumption (kWh) and associated costs (EUR). The results demonstrated that the optimized control significantly reduced electricity expenses (by up to 23.3%), despite a slight increase in energy usage. Additionally, a fixed-tariff analysis (0.16 €/kWh and 0.18 €/kWh) was performed to assess the benefits of optimization under different market scenarios. Furthermore, a real-time electricity price transmission prototype was constructed. A Raspberry Pibased system was configured to automatically retrieve ENTSO-E electricity price data via REST API and transmit it to Modbus TCP/IP protocol registers. This infrastructure enables the practical deployment of control algorithms in automated building management systems. The findings of this study indicate that the proposed solution offers promising economic benefits for heat substation control, particularly in the context of increasingly volatile electricity pricing
Research on use of energy storage device to increase prosumer's energy autonomy.
No full textThe aim of this master's research work is to evaluate the application possibilities of electrical energy storage systems (EESS) and their impact on the energy independence of prosumers. In recent years, the number of prosumers in Lithuania, especially those with solar power plants, has been rapidly increasing. This growth has made it increasingly difficult to properly balance grid loads, highlighting the need to improve energy use efficiency. The study is based on real data collected from a household with an installed 10 kW solar power system. Data was recorded every second for each phase of the three-phase grid. To assess the benefits of storage for energy flow balancing, a mathematical model was developed to simulate solar generation, consumption, and import–export flows, assuming an ideal battery that can be charged and discharged without power limitations. The simulation was carried out by varying the installed solar power capacity from 2 kW to 10 kW and the storage capacity from 2 kWh to 14 kWh. The following key indicators were used to evaluate the model: • SSR – self-sufficiency ratio, • SCR – self-consumption ratio, • PDSO – total daily energy exchange with the grid. The results showed that with properly selected storage capacity, energy import and export can be significantly reduced, substantially increasing both the SSR and SCR indicators. In some cases, import–export flows were reduced to nearly zero. This confirms the significant benefits of EESS in achieving greater energy independence and reducing electricity bills for grid-supplied power. The results of the study can be applied both for planning private individual solutions and for helping medium or large enterprises evaluate the cost-effectiveness of implementing EESS
NOx-free leaching methods for efficient silver and aluminium recovery from crystalline silicon solar cells /
No full textAs photovoltaic (PV) installations expand globally, effective recycling of end-of-life crystalline silicon solar cells has become increasingly important, including the recovery of valuable metals such as silver (Ag) and aluminium (Al). Traditional nitric acid-based chemical leaching methods, although effective, present environmental challenges due to the generation of hazardous nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. To address these concerns, this study investigated alternative hydrometallurgical leaching strategies. Two selective treatments (NaOH for Al, and NH3 + H2O2 for Ag) and one simultaneous treatment (HNO3 + H2O2) were evaluated for metal recovery efficiency. All methods demonstrated high recovery efficiencies, achieving at least 99% for both metals within 60 min. The investigated methods effectively suppressed NOx emissions without compromising leaching efficiency. These findings confirm that hydrometallurgical leaching techniques incorporating hydrogen peroxide can achieve efficient and environmentally safer recovery of silver and aluminium from solar cells, providing valuable insights into the development of more sustainable recycling practices for photovoltaic waste management
Possibilities of using three-dimensional graphic objects for developing skills for future furniture makers.
No full textThe Master's thesis analyses the application of augmented reality (AR) technologies in vocational training of furniture makers. The relevance of the topic is based on a challenge that is often encountered in practice - students find it difficult to understand the information provided in technical drawings and to imagine three-dimensional objects based on two-dimensional images. In order to identify the causes of this problem and to assess possible solutions, a survey of students was carried out. The results showed that more than half of the respondents have difficulties in reading production drawings. The survey also revealed that students think that AR technologies could help them to better understand two-dimensional technical drawings. The literature analysis confirmed this assumption, finding that AR technologies can not only improve the understanding of technical drawings, but also help to develop spatial thinking and reduce errors in manufacturing. In the initial phase of the work, no-code platforms were considered to develop AR solutions without programming knowledge. These platforms, with their simplicity and accessibility, initially seemed suitable for the development of methodological tools. However, an analysis of their functionality showed that it was not possible to develop AR methodological tools directly. In view of this, WebXR-based tools were chosen to allow the development of more versatile, more functional and more pedagogically effective methodological tools to meet the training needs of furniture makers. The project part describes the methodological process of AR content development: starting with the content analysis of the educational material, formulation of learning objectives, ending with the selection of technical solutions and their implementation. The ZapWorks Designer platform was used to create interactive methodological tools that integrate 3D models, textual explanations, visual and audio information. In order to structure and present the content in a systematic way, an ontology of the furniture makers training process and the ZapWorks Designer environment was developed, as well as a contextual graph for the development of the AR methodological tools. The methodological tools are presented in the Moodle VMA of Kaunas Technology Training Centre, which ensures a centralised presentation of the content and allows for a more efficient organisation of the educational process. The developed lesson plans and AR methodological tools were tested in practical lessons and their usefulness was evaluated by a research. Teachers and students reported that the AR tools improved their understanding of the teaching material, increased students' interest and helped them to understand more clearly the two-dimensional drawings and the machine control instructions. The results obtained show that these tools not only meet the requirements of modern teaching, but also contribute significantly to improving the quality of learning