11613 research outputs found
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VAN NIEKERK, M.G. Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE: 1910-1960; 0.30 metresInformation regarding the political situation from 1910 to 1960
VAN DEVENTER, Jakob Hendrik [Hennie] Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE In Process; 6.20 metre.
AUDIO CASSETTES IN ARCA COLLECTION = 3Private papers of J.H. van Deventer, Editor of Die Volksblad
VAN DER MERWE, Daniël Pieter [Dan] Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1932-1963; 35 Files; 1,00 Metres.Private papers of D.P. van der Merwe, MPC Ficksburg [1936-1963], Senator [1963-1965]
VAN ZIJL, David Hermanus Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1943-1948; 1 File; 0,11 Metre.Private papers of D.H. van Zijl, National Party MPC Kuruman [1929-1934], Hopetown [1935-1939]; Assistant-Organising Secretary National Party Cape Province [1939-1944]; Senator [1939-1960, 1962-1965]; President S.A. Art Society [1958-1964]
Investigating the potential of bacteriophage induction and phage-derived enzymes as alternative antibacterial approaches
No full textSince their discovery in the 1920s, antibiotics have saved generations of people from succumbing to bacterial infections. Antibiotic usage has resulted in increased antibiotic resistance which has become a problem in various fields and industries. Without effective antibiotics, even simple bacterial infections can be fatal and this has the potential to create a post-antibiotic era where fatalities from currently controlled bacterial infections will become normal. This also extends to the poultry industry where Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are known to affect the market due to colibacillosis and resulting in poor quality meat and egg products. As bans against antibiotics used in the growth of food animals are established there is a necessity for alternative treatment options. One of the potential solutions is harnessing the power of bacteriophages which are viruses that infect bacteria and proliferate within them. Bacteriophage therapy has been developing and the diverse use of bacteriophages in treatment of bacterial infections ranges from using the whole bacteriophage within its packaged virion, to only parts of the bacteriophage such as proteins/enzymes. Some of the challenges of using bacteriophage cocktails for therapy, extended also to the treatment of APECs, are the myriad environmental conditions that bacteriophages require to proliferate in a host.
In this thesis, the use of lysogenic bacteriophages and the heterologous expression of bacteriophage endolysins were investigated as alternative treatments against bacteria.
Screening PCRs in combination with induction of prophages within lysogenic bacteria were used to determine whether temperate bacteriophages could be used and genetically manipulated to remain in lysis and therefore be used in therapy or treatment. Potential lysogens were induced using UV-, heat- and mitomycin C inducers. Heterologous expression of bacteriophage proteins was performed through both bacterial expression and yeast expression systems. Bacterial expression was achieved using pETDuet-1 and pET28b expression vectors transformed into BL21 (DE3) competent E. coli cells. The proteins expressed in the pET28b vector contained a 6 x Histidine-tag and were subsequently purified on gravity-flow protein purification and fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). Yeast expression was performed using yeast expression vectors pINA1317 and pINA1317-CWP and transformed into Yarrowia lipolytica Po1h competent cells. Proteins visualization was done using 12 % SDS-PAGE and identified with LC-MS/MS. The proteins were tested against bacterial cells, both in the presence and absence of permeabilising agents to determine their efficacy. This included commercial products (Biotronic® Top Line and Virukill®) to determine whether the expressed proteins could improve the products.
PCR screening for the presence of prophages resulted in a single strain containing cro and cI genes while about one third of screened strains tested positive for the int gene. This makes it likely that this strain harbours an intact lambda phage that is potentially inducible from lysogeny into the lytic pathway. Bacteriophage proteins were successfully produced using the bacterial expression
systems and confirmed through LC-MS/MS results. Although the proteins were purified, they did not elicit an antibacterial effect when applied to the permeabilised bacteria. The yeast expression system was not as successful, although integration into the yeast was confirmed using PCR and sequencing. The treatment assays against bacterial cells were not as significantly effective as expected, whether used in combination with permeabilising agents or not even though initial results showed log differences when compared to the control.
The heterologously expressed and identified bacteriophage lambda endolysin from this study can be further tested for efficacy against bacteria. Ideally, this study should be expanded to include endolysins and virolysins from bacteriophages that target other bacteria.National Research Foundation (NRF
DIE VOLKSBLAD
No full textCOVERAGE 1915-1981; 6 files; 0.10 metre; Bound volumes 1929-2000Free State daily newspaper, Bloemfontei
Zimbabwean teachers' perceptions and experiences of instructional leadership
No full textWhile there is overwhelming evidence regarding the impact of instructional leadership on student learning and outcomes (Leithwood et al., 2014; Mendels, 2012), there is far less knowledge and little systematic research on how teachers respond to the practice of instructional leadership (Bellibas, 2014; Isaiah & Isaiah, 2014). This study arises out of the concerns that instructional leadership has not received sustained attention from educational researchers in Zimbabwe. Much of the research work in Zimbabwe has tended to focus on separate aspects of leadership without looking particularly at the phenomenon of instructional leadership per se. This is evidenced by recent studies on leadership conducted by Mapolisa and Tshabalala, (2013); Samkange, (2013); Sibanda and Mutopa, (2011) and Zikhali and Perumal, (2014). The idea of teachers’ perceptions and experiences of instructional leadership remains largely unexplored (Bellibas 2014). Therefore, little is known about how teachers perceive and experience instructional leadership.
The study drew on the mixed-methods research inquiry with the explanatory sequential design as the guiding framework. The researcher collected quantitative and qualitative data sequentially. Three data gathering instruments namely, the questionnaire, the focus group discussion and observation were used to tap History teachers’ perceptions and experiences of the central phenomenon.
Overall, the key findings of the study reveal that the majority of the teachers perceive instructional leadership as of great benefit as it enhances school effectiveness and improves student attainment. As such, the school head should provide leadership aimed at improving teaching and learning. The school head should share this type of leadership with other formal school leaders such as the deputy head, senior master/senior lady and heads of department. The idea of taking informal leaders on board also enjoys widespread support. However, results on the ground showed that informal leaders are not recognised in the Zimbabwean school system. The study has established that contrary to the popular position in instructional leadership literature, the majority of the respondents are of the perception that the school head should concentrate more on administration and managerial roles.
History teachers prefer to be supervised by school leaders who share the same area of specialisation with them and who possess formal training in the area of school leadership. However, these expectations by the teachers are not met by the reality on the ground as History teachers are at times supervised by leaders who are the opposite of what they expect.
The majority of teachers support the idea of a school having a vision on student learning and mission statement created by the school head in consultation with other staff members. Teachers expect formal and informal channels of communication to be utilised in communicating the school vision, mission statement and goals. However, available evidence showed that only formal channels of communication were utilised.
The study has noted that although History teachers expect school leaders to play a part in ensuring that the syllabus is interpreted appropriately and is adequately covered, the school leaders are not committed to this. Furthermore, results confirm that although teachers expect their school leaders to play a part in motivating and staff developing them, the majority of the school leaders show non-commitment to these activities.
These findings call for consideration of subject-specific leadership in the teaching and learning of History, since most of the History teachers expressed their desire to be supervised by school leaders who share the same area of specialisation with them because they are content knowledge specialists. Since most of the teachers prefer to be supervised by school leaders with formal training in instructional leadership, it is necessary to have school leaders with formal qualifications in school leadership. Professional development should be harnessed as a tool for improving teachers’ classroom practice. Finally, since the current study was from the teachers’ perspective, similar studies should be carried out focusing on what the school leaders say about teachers’ perceptions and experiences of instructional leadership.University of the Free Stat
JOOSTE, Gerhardus Petrus Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1948-1969; 27 Files; *6,44 Metres.
AUDIO CASSETTES IN ARCA COLLECTION = 1Private papers of G.P. Jooste, Ambassador USA [1949-1954], High Commissioner London [1954-1956], Secretary for Foreign Affairs [1956-1966]
A comparison of Drum’s coverage of the 1976 Soweto student uprisings and the 2015 #FeesMustFall student protests
No full textIn an essay titled On my philosophy existentialist philosopher Karl Jaspers (1941: 133) explores reasons that lie behind the relevance of studying any figure or event from history. Jaspers (ibid.) argues that “[o]ur own power of generation lies in the rebirth of what has been handed down to us. If we do not wish to slip back, nothing must be forgotten…”. This study is based on such a phenomenon in the media and journalism landscape in South Africa. The first occurred on 16 June 1976 – during the height of apartheid – the Soweto Uprisings. In mid-October 2015, 23 years into South Africa‟s democracy, the second event occurred. This was when #FeesMustFall protests broke out. Drum magazine covered both events. Started during the heydays of Sophiatown, a suburb that was a well-known black culture hub during the apartheid years, Drum rose to prominence over the decades by documenting the many poignant moments in South Africa‟s history. By the time the Soweto Uprisings broke out, Drum was already a household name. In democratic South Africa, the magazine still ranks amongst the top-selling magazines in the country, although its focus is less on politics and more on lifestyle and entertainment. The primary intention of this study was to explore what contemporary journalists can learn from a comparison of Drum‟s coverage of the 1976 Soweto student uprisings and the 2015 #FeesMustFall student protests. This study looked at the similarities and differences between the coverage by conducting a frame analysis of articles. The analysis was guided by the Social Constructivist theoretical perspective.
The findings include how both Drum magazines were never privately owned, how both were able to capture events which made the Newsmaker of the Year, and how both appear to have a similar target audience: the black community and liberals. When it comes to coverage, responsibility for the protests was attributed to the ruling governments. Another finding reveals how existing in different eras and political landscapes is not the only difference between the two issues. While the 1976 issue focused on contextual reporting, despite the political unrests, the 2015 issue chose to unpack and merely deliver on-the-surface reporting. The comparison between the two different eras of this magazine is relevant to contemporary journalists, despite their different locations in history. There are multiple reasons which strengthen the rationale behind exploring the media history of two eras of Drum magazine, in particular, for the benefit of contemporary journalists. The first reason is embedded in the words of existentialist philosopher Karl Jaspers (1941).who argues that “If we do not wish to slip back, nothing must be forgotten…”. The roots of the second rationale arise from John Matshikiza who says that stories from Drum are “a bridge between the past and the present, remarkably fresh in style and contemporary in the situations and emotions they convey in spite of the decades of trauma that have intervened since they were written”. Matshikiza (in Chapman, 2000:xii) further makes a connection to what Jaspers argued by saying how these stories “are an invaluable part of our missing store of memories – without which we are destined to have no future”. In conclusion, this study supports the narrative that Drum magazine is indeed different and, despite this…the beat goes on.National Research Foundation (NRF
NEWBERRY, C Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE: 1980-1955; 0.60 metresDocuments of Charles Newberry, owner of Prynnsber