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TERBLANCHE, I.S. Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE: 1966-1974; 0.02 metresChairperson Management Division National Party constituency Maraisburg; Statement of Min. B.J. Schoeman pertaining to election of new Prime Minister on 13 September 196
DE JAGER, H.J.P. Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1956-1984; 56 Files; 1.00 metrePrivate papers of H.J.P. de Jager, farmer, Bothaville District
EMMS, Mrs Inventory of documents
No full textMinute book of the NP - filed with the NP Natal collection, File 4
Organised secondary industry and the state in Zimbabwe, 1939-1979
No full textThis thesis is embargoed until December 2021.English: This thesis examines the relationship between organised secondary industry, the state and other economic interest groups (farmers, miners and commerce) over industrialisation in Southern Rhodesia (Colonial Zimbabwe) between 1939 and 1979. Using diverse and fresh archival material that includes minutes and reports of industrialists’ congresses, industrial journals, business newspapers, legislative debates, government and commissions of enquiries’ reports, the thesis demonstrates that this relationship was uneven, irregular and often shifted depending on time and context. The thesis also concludes that the great expansion and diversification of industry which took place was, among other factors, attributable to the efforts of private entrepreneurs. Industrialists galvanised and formed representative organisations, starting with the Salisbury and Bulawayo Manufacturers’ Association (c.1920) which then evolved into the Salisbury and Bulawayo Chambers of Industries (c.1930s), Association of Chambers of Industries of Rhodesia (1941-1949), the Federation of Rhodesia Industries (1949-1957), Association of Rhodesia and Nyasaland Industries (1957-1964) and the Association of Rhodesian Industries (1964-1979). These organisations engaged the state in pursuit of industrial development. Often, industrialists associations’ requests, demands, and suggestions were opposed, if not dismissed, by the government and other economic interest groups and yet, remarkably, secondary industries expanded. By privileging the voice of industrialists which hitherto has been neglected in the historiography, the thesis moves beyond the existing scholarship’s emphasis on the actions of the state in the industrialisation of Colonial Zimbabwe through planning, regulation and establishment of major industries of national importance. While this existing analysis is correct, it is incomplete.
Between 1939 and 1965, farmers, miners and commerce, with the state’s support, believed in the supremacy of the primary exporting industries of agriculture and mining in propelling the economy of Southern Rhodesia. The state’s bias towards the primary exporting industries of mining and agriculture manifested itself in its adoption of imperial preference by which it opened the colony for imports of manufactured goods from other parts of the British Empire in return for market opportunities for the primary products. It also sacrificed industrial interests in negotiating trade agreements, thus, depriving secondary industry of tariff protection. Further, the state routinely accepted advice which labelled the manufacturing sector as of secondary importance to mining and agriculture. The result was government policy based on the idea that industrial development was a field of private enterprise, whose growth ought to be voluntary. Industries were left to their own devices and to develop as opportunity occurred. The exception to this policy was during the crisis periods of the Second World War and UDI. Faced with the shortages of imported manufactured goods in the domestic market induced by the interruptions in international trade because of the war, the Southern Rhodesian government realised the imperative of developing local industries. The nascent industrialists seized the opportunity and prevailed upon the state to adopt an active policy to foster industrial growth. At the instigation and lobbying of industrialists, the government agreed, but no sooner had the war ended than the state retreated from its temporary support of local industries, reiterating its avowed policy of leaving industry to its own devices. This policy continued in the post-war years and throughout the period of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (1953-1963). The other exception was during UDI. Determined to survive under sanctions, the government and organised industry cooperated and collaborated to keep the wheels of industry in particular, and the economy in general, going. In an effort to preserve foreign exchange in the face of sanctions, the government introduced import control measures, which had the consequential effect of encouraging the establishment of import substitution industries which were able to take advantage of the protection it afforded.Afrikaans: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die verhouding tussen georganiseerde sekondêre bedryf, die staat, en ander ekonomiese belangegroepe (boere, myners, en handel) aangaande industrialisering in Suid Rhodesia (koloniale Zimbabwe) tussen 1939 en 1979. Deur gebruik te maak van diverse en vars argivale materiaal, soos notules en verslae van nyweraars kongresse, nywerheidsjoernale, besigheidskoerante, wetgewende debatte, regerings- en kommissies van ondersoek-verslae, demonstreer hierdie tesis dat hierdie verhouding ongelyk, onreëlmatig, en het gereeld verskuif afhangend van die tyd en konteks. Hierdie tesis kom ook tot die gevolgtrekking dat die groot uitbreiding en diversifisering van die nywerheidsektor was, te same met ander faktore, aan die pogings van privaat entrepreneurs toegeskryf. Nyweraars het verteenwoordigende organisasies gevorm en aangespoor, met die Salisbury and Bulawayo Manufacturers’ Association (c.1920) as die beginpunt, wat later ontwikkel het na die Salisbury and Bulawayo Chambers of Industries (c.1930s), Association of Chambers of Industries of Rhodesia (1941-1949), the FRI (1949-1957), ARNI (1957-1964) en die ARnI (1964-1979). Hierdie organisasies het met die staat betrokke geraak in hul strewe na nywerheidsontwikkeling. Dikwels het nywerheidsassosiasies se versoeke, eise, en voorstelle teengestaan, en soms van die hand gewys, deur die regering en ander ekonomiese belangegroepe, en tog, merkwaardig genoeg, het sekondêre nywerhede uitgebrei. Deur eie stemme van nyweraars wat tot dus ver historiografies afgeskeep is te verhef, beweeg hierdie tesis verder as die bestaande werke se beklemtoning van die aksies van die staat in die industrialisering van koloniale Zimbabwe deur beplanning, regulasies, en die vestiging van groot nywerhede van nasionale belang. Terwyl hierdie bestaande analise korrek is, is dit wel onvolledig.
Tussen 1939 en 1965 het boere, myners, en handel, met staatsondersteuning, geglo in die oppergesag van die primêre uitvoer nywerhede of landbou en mynbou in die bevordering van die ekonomie van Suid Rhodesia. Die staat se vooroordeel teenoor die primêre uitvoer nywerhede of mynbou en landbou het gemanifesteer in die aanvaarding van imperiale voorkeur waardeur dit die kolonie oop gemaak het vir die invoer van vervaardigde goedere van ander dele van die Britse Ryk in ruil vir die markgeleentheid vir die primêre produkte. Dit het ook nywerheidsbelange opgeoffer in die onderhandelde handelsoorkoms, en sodoende sekondêre nywerheid ontneem van tariefbeskerming. Verder het die staat gereeld advies aanvaar wat die vervaardigingsektor as tweederangs tot die mynbou en landbou ge-etiketteer het. Die resultaat was `n inerte regeringsbeleid wat op die idee dat nywerheidsontwikkeling `n veld vir privaat ondernemings was, wie se groei vrywillig moes wees, gebaseer. Nywerhede was oorgelaat aan hulle lot, en om te ontwikkel soos geleenthede opgekom het. Die uitsondering tot die beleid was tydens die krisis-periode van die Tweede Wêreldoorlog en UDI. Terwyl die Suid Rhodesiese regering gekonfronteer was met tekorte van ingevoerde vervaardigde goedere in die plaaslike mark, wat veroorsaak was deur die onderbrekings in internasionale handel a.g.v. die oorlog, het dit die noodsaaklikheid van ontwikkeling van die plaaslike nywerhede besef. Die ontluikende nyweraars het die geleentheid aangegryp en het die staat forseer om `n aktiewe beleid te aanvaar om nywerheidsgroei te bevorder. Op aandrang van nyweraars, het die regering ingestem, maar kort na die oorlog het die staat hierdie tydelike hulp aan plaaslike nywerhede teruggetrek, en sodoende het die regering sy duidelike beleid om nywerheid oor te laat aan sy eie lot beklemtoon. Hierdie beleid het in die na-oorlogse jare en regdeur die periode van the Federasie van Rhodesia en Nyasaland (1953-1963) voortgegaan. Die ander uitsondering was gedurende UDI. Bepaal om onder sanksies te oorleef, het die regering en die georganiseerde bedryf saamgewerk en saamgewerk om veral die wiele van die bedryf te hou en die ekonomie in die algemeen te gaan. In 'n poging om buitelandse valuta in die gesig te hou van sanksies, het die regering invoermaatreëlmaatreëls ingestel, wat die gevolglike effek gehad het om die vestiging van invoervervangingsbedrywe aan te moedig wat voordeel kon trek uit die beskerming wat dit gebied het
A pathogenomic approach towards characterising the South African population of puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, the causal agent of wheat stripe rust
No full textStripe (yellow) rust caused by the fungus Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici
(Pst) is a major disease of wheat prevalent in most areas where wheat is cultivated
across the globe. It can completely destroy a crop if left untreated. The
Pst fungus develops feeding structures that form a close relationship with the
host tissue where it facilitates extraction of water and nutrients from the plant,
while manipulating the host for its own benefit using effector proteins. This
parasitic behaviour reduces yield and grain quality, leading to the propagation of
numerous Pst spores, spreading infection. In South Africa stripe rust was first
detected in 1996 with the initial pathotype being designated 6E16A-. Thereafter,
three more Pst pathotypes were detected in subsequent years (6E22A- in 1998,
7E22A- in 2001 and 6E22A+ in 2005), gaining virulence in a stepwise manner by
overcoming additional resistance genes one by one. However, the source of the
original pathotype and the current genetic diversity of the Pst population within
South Africa remain open questions.
To get a better understanding of the South African Pst pathotypes and how
they relate to Pst pathotypes globally, the historical population was described
using a recently developed “field pathogenomics” approach. High-resolution,
next-generation sequencing data utilised in this method aided in determining the
genomic relationships between the four historical pathotypes and investigating
their potential origin. Historic South African isolates representing the four identied
pathotypes were re-sequenced, and their comparison with isolates from the
United Kingdom, France, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Eritrea and Kenya revealed that the
closest relatives of the historical South African isolates were a group of isolates
from East Africa.
We further described polymorphisms in the South African Pst population
that supported the existing hypothesis of stepwise evolution. Through applying
pairwise comparisons between polymorphic sites across isolates, 27 potential
effector proteins that could be instrumental in the stepwise virulence gain, were
identified. To study the role these candidates may play during the infection
processes in different pathotypes, gene expression profiling was conducted using
RT-qPCR. Preliminary patterns of up- or down-regulation of these effectors between
time points, over a time course of compatible interactions, were described.
Furthermore, infected wheat tissues collected from locations across South Africa
during the 2013, 2014 and 2015 cropping seasons, were sequenced. The “field
pathogenomics” method, using RNA-Seq, was applied to compare the historic
Pst isolates with the recent population. This analysis indicated the possibility of a
novel introduction of Pst into South Africa in recent years, possibly between 2011
and 2013. Pathotyping of selected Pst isolates on supplementary wheat tester
genotypes revealed novel variation in infection types that has not been described
previously.
This study provides a high resolution, genomic view of the historical and
prevailing Pst populations and adds valuable information to the potential origin
and adaptation of stripe rust in South Africa. The research outcomes provide
a genomic base for further investigation of candidate effector genes and the
possible recent novel incursion of a pathotype group also seen in Europe, East
Africa and New Zealand into South Africa.Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)Bill & Melinda Gates Foundatio
WESSELS, Leon Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1973-1994; 274 Files; 3,50 Metres.Private papers of L.Wessels, National Party MP Krugersdorp [1977-1994], Deputy Minister of Law and Order [1988-1989], Foreign Affairs [1989-1991], Minister of Planning, Provincial Affairs and National Housing [1991], Local Government, National Housing and Public Works [1991-1997]
JANSEN, Ernest George Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1904-1959; 756 Files; 12,89 Metres.
AUDIO CASSETTES IN ARCA COLLECTION = 7Private papers of E.G. Jansen, leader National Party Natal, MP for Vryheid [1921-1943], Wolmaransstad [1947-1950], Speaker [1924-1929, 1933-1947], Minister of Native Affairs [1929-1933, 1948-1950], Editor New Era [1943-1947], Governor General [1951-1959]
CILLIERS, AC Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1938-1952 ;8 pamphletsProfessor in Physics at the University of Stellenbosch; Pamphlet
The alignment between corporate and business level strategies in South African public entities
No full textThesis (Ph.D.(Business Administration))--University of the Free State, 2018The South African public entities play a significant role in the South African economy as they assist the government to achieve different service delivery mandates in key sectors of the economy. However, the public entities are experiencing service delivery and performance problems that affect the South African economy negatively. This study investigated the alignment between the corporate and business level strategies in South African public entities with the aim of providing recommendations that would improve the alignment of the aforesaid strategies resulting in improved organisational performance in the entities. The unit of analysis for the study is a public entity that is based in the Northern Cape Province. The study was located within the post-positivist as well as constructivist/interpretivist philosophical assumptions. The convergent mixed research design was used. For the qualitative part of the study, the multicase study design was used. A purposive sample of eleven executives, representing each of the eight public entities and three provincial departments that control the entities was selected for the study. Data was also collected from the official documents of corporate and business level strategies of the entities. For the data collected through the individual interviews and strategic documents, data analysis involved organising details about a case (in this study, the entity), categorising data and clustering it into meaningful groups; and identifying patterns, trends and themes. Then, the researcher synthesised and generalised, giving an overall portrait of the case, with a conclusion and an implication beyond the case. The researcher looked for convergence from a triangulated study. For the study‘s quantitative part, the survey design was adopted using the probability sampling techniques, and a questionnaire to collect the data. Thirty-eight self- administered structured questionnaires were distributed to the executives of the eight entities and the three controlling departments. The response rate was 78%. Descriptive data analysis as well as inferential data analysis involving the correlational analysis and regression analysis were done. The use of the mixed methods served as a triangulation which ensured validity and reliability of the study findings. Four key findings emerged from the study.
Firstly, it was found that there are many challenges that the public entities have, including financial and human capital inadequacy or/and lack of human resources, poor organisational culture, leadership issues (including ineffective boards) and working in silos with no effective communication, to mention but a few, that bring about strategy misalignment. These challenges affect the alignment of the two-level strategies and organisational performance negatively because the entities cannot deliver on their mandate by achieving their strategic objectives. Secondly, it was found that the alignment between corporate-level and business- level strategies contributes to organisational performance in South African public entities. Thirdly, the study found that strategy implementation of the business strategies in the South African public entities is a big problem. This is because of the many challenges these entities are facing, which include a lack of resources, leadership inadequacy, inefficient boards, lack of a good organisational culture, lack of support from their parent departments and the flexibility they need to be able to respond fast enough to their business needs. This causes a misalignment of the two strategies practically on the ground. Eventually this results in poor strategy implementation and unsatisfactory organisational performance. Fourthly, it was found that corporate controls affect strategy implementation negatively due to the abovementioned challenges. Finally, recommendations were developed to minimise the alignment gaps between the corporate and business level strategies in South African public entities, and therefore increase organisational performance.
___________________________________________________________________Die Suid-Afrikaanse openbare entiteite speel 'n belangrike rol in die Suid-Afrikaanse ekonomie aangesien hulle die regering bystaan om verskillende diensleweringsmandate in sleutelsektore van die ekonomie te vervul. Die openbare entiteite ervaar egter dienslewerings- en prestasieprobleme wat die Suid-Afrikaanse ekonomie negatief raak. Hierdie studie het die belyning tussen korporatiewe en besigheidsvlakstrategieë in Suid-Afrikaanse openbare entiteite ondersoek met die doel om aanbevelings te verskaf wat die belyning van bogenoemde strategieë sal verbeter, wat sal lei tot verbeterde organisatoriese prestasie in die entiteite. Die eenheid van analise vir die studie is 'n openbare entiteit wat in die Noord-Kaapprovinsie gesetel is. Die studie was geleë binne die post-positivistiese sowel as konstruktivistiese/interpretivistiese filosofiese aannames. Die konvergente gemengde metodes navorsingsontwerp is gebruik. Vir die kwalitatiewe deel van die studie is die veelvuldige gevallestudie-ontwerp gebruik. ’n Doelgerigte steekproef van elf uitvoerende beamptes, wat elk van die agt openbare entiteite en drie provinsiale departemente verteenwoordig wat die entiteite beheer, is vir die studie gekies. Data is ook versamel uit die amptelike dokumente van korporatiewe en besigheidsvlakstrategieë van die entiteite. Vir die data wat van die individuele onderhoude en strategiese dokumente ingesamel is, het data-analise die organisering van besonderhede oor 'n saak (in hierdie studie, die entiteit) behels, asook dat data gekategoriseer en in betekenisvolle groepe gegroepeer is; en patrone, tendense en temas is geïdentifiseer. Daarna het die navorser dit saamgevat en veralgemeen en 'n algehele beeld van die saak gegee, met 'n gevolgtrekking en 'n implikasie buite die gevallestudie. Die navorser het gesoek na konvergensie uit ’n triangulerende studie. Vir die kwantitatiewe deel van die studie is die opname-ontwerp ingespan deur die waarskynlikheidsteekproefnemingstegnieke te gebruik, asook 'n vraelys om die data in te samel. Agt-en-dertig selfgeadministreerde gestruktureerde vraelyste is onder die uitvoerende beamptes van die agt entiteite en die drie beherende departemente versprei. Die responskoers was 78%. Beskrywende data-analise sowel as inferensiële data-analise wat die korrelasie-analise en regressie-analise behels, is gedoen.
Die gebruik van die gemengde metodes het gedien as ’n triangulasie wat geldigheid en betroubaarheid van die studiebevindinge verseker het. Vier sleutelbevindings het uit die studie na vore gekom. Eerstens is bevind dat daar baie uitdagings is wat die openbare entiteite ervaar, insluitend ontoereikende finansiële en menslike kapitaal of/en gebrek aan menslike hulpbronne, swak organisasiekultuur, leierskapskwessies (insluitend ondoeltreffende rade) en werk wat in silo's plaasvind sonder effektiewe kommunikasie, om maar net ’n paar te noem, wat strategie-wanbelyning teweegbring. Hierdie uitdagings beïnvloed die belyning van die tweevlakstrategieë en organisatoriese prestasie negatief omdat die entiteite nie hul mandaat kan nakom deur hul strategiese doelwitte te bereik nie. Tweedens is bevind dat die belyning tussen korporatiewe en besigheidsvlakstrategieë bydra tot organisatoriese prestasie in Suid-Afrikaanse openbare entiteite. Derdens het die studie bevind dat strategie-implementering van die besigheidstrategieë in die Suid-Afrikaanse openbare entiteite ’n groot probleem is. Dit is as gevolg van die vele uitdagings wat hierdie entiteite in die gesig staar, wat insluit 'n gebrek aan hulpbronne, leierskap ontoereikendheid, ondoeltreffende direksies, gebrek aan 'n goeie organisasiekultuur, gebrek aan ondersteuning van hul ouerdepartemente en die buigsaamheid wat hulle nodig het om vinnig genoeg op hul sakebehoeftes te kan reageer. Dit veroorsaak, prakties op die grond, 'n wanbelyning van die twee strategieë. Uiteindelik lei dit tot swak strategie-implementering en onbevredigende organisatoriese prestasie. Vierdens is bevind dat korporatiewe beheermaatreëls strategie-implementering negatief beïnvloed as gevolg van bogenoemde uitdagings. Laastens is aanbevelings ontwikkel om die belyningsgapings tussen die korporatiewe en besigheidsvlakstrategieë in Suid-Afrikaanse openbare entiteite te minimaliseer, en dus organisatoriese prestasie te verhoog.
___________________________________________________________________Ditsi tsa setjhaba tsa Afrika Borwa di na le seabo se seholo moruong wa Afrika Borwa ka hore di thusa mmuso ho fihlella ditebello tse fapaneng tsa phethahatso le phumantsho ya ditshebeletso disekthareng tsa motheo tsa moruo tse fapaneng. Leha ho le jwalo, ditsi tsena tsa setjhaba di tobana le mathata a phumantsho ya ditshebeletso a theolang moruo wa Afrika Borwa hampe. Diphuputso tsena di batlisisa kamano pakeng tsa tshebetso ya khamphani le mekgwa ya kgwebo e le ho fana ka dikgothaletso tse tla ntlafatsa mekgwa e boletsweng e le ho qetella ka tshebetso e atlehileng ka hara mekgatlo. Yuniti ya tshekatsheko ya diphuputso tsena ke setsi sa setjhaba se fumanwang mane provenseng ya Kapa Leboya. Diphuputso tsena di etswa ka ho sebedisa katamelo ya post-positivist hammoho le kutlwisiso ya filosofi ya constructivist/interpretivist. Ho sebedisitswe mokgwa wa diphuputso tsa kopanelo. Bakeng sa karolo ya qualitative ya diphuputso tsena, ho sebedisitswe mokgwa wa patlisiso wa kopanyo. Ho kgethilwe sampole ya batsamaisi ba leshome le motso o mong ba emetseng e nngwe le e nngwe ya ditsi tse robedi tsa setjhaba le mafapha a diprovense tse tharo tse laolang ditsi bakeng sa diphuputso tsena. Dintlha tsa deitha di bokeletswe ho tswa ho ditokomane tsa molao tsa khamphani le tsa mekgwa ya boemo ba kgwebo tsa ditsi tsa setjhaba. Bakeng sa dintlha tse bokeletsweng ka dipuisano tsa motho ka mong le ditokomane tse sebediswang, tshekatsheko ya dintlha tsena tsa deitha e kenyeletsa ho hlophisa dintlha mabapi le taba ya patlisiso (e leng setsi sa setjhaba), ho hlophisa dintlha ka mekgahlelo le ho di hlophisa ka dihlopha tse tshwanelehang; le ho hlwaya dipaterone, ditlwaelo le mookotaba kapa molaetsa. Jwale mofuputsi o ile a hokahanya, a bopa kakaretso ka ho fana ka setshwantsho se akaretsang sa diphuputso tsena tse ikgethileng, ka qetello le ka tse ka hlokomelwang ho tswa diphuputsong tsena tse ikgethang. Mofuputsi jwale o ile a theha momahano kapa kgokahano diphuputsong tsena tsa dikarolo tse mmalwa. Bakeng sa karolo ya bohlalosi ba diphuputso tsena, mokgwa wa diphuputso o ile wa ananelwa ka ho sebedisa mokgwa wa disampole, le lenane la dipotso bakeng sa ho bokella dintlha tsa patlisiso.
Ho ile ha ajwa manane a dipotso a mashome a mararo a metso e robedi a itlhalosang ho balaodi ba ditsi tse robedi le mafapha a taolo a mararo. Sekgahla sa dikarabo e bile 78%. Ho ile ha etswa ditshekatsheko tsa ditlhaloso tsa deitha hammoho le tshekatsheko ya theho ya mehopolo tse kenyeletsang ditshekatsheko tsa papiso le tshekatsheko ya regression. Tshebediso ya mekgwa e kopaneng e sebeditse jwaloka kamano e bontshitseng ho tshwaneleha le ho tshepahala ha diphihlello tsa diphuputso. Ho ile ha hlaha diphihlello tse nne tsa motheo. Tabeng ya pele, ho lemohilwe hore ho na le diphephetso tse ngata tseo ditsi tsa setjhaba di nang le tsona, ho kenyeletswa le tsa ditjhelete le tsa batho kapa/le basebetsi, moetlo o fokolang wa tlhophiso ya mokgatlo, mathata a boetapele (ho kenyeletswa le makgotla a seng hlwahlwa) le ho sebetsa ka ho itsheka ho se na dikamano tse hlwahlwa, ho fana ka tse mmalwa feela, tse bakang mokgwa o sa atlehang. Diphephetso tsena di ama mekgwa ya tshebetso ya mokgatlo hampe hobane ditsi ha di kgone ho sebetsa ho fihlella boikemisetso ba tsona. Tabeng ya bobedi, ho lemohilwe hore kamano pakeng tsa boemo ba khamphani le boemo ba mekgwa ya kgwebo e thusa bakeng sa tshebetso ya mokgatlo ho ditsi tsa setjhaba mona Afrika Borwa. Tabeng ya boraro, diphuputso di sibolotse hore tshebediso ya mokgwa ona wa kgwebo ka hara ditsi tsa setjhaba mona Afrika Borwa ke bothata bo boholo. Hona ho bakwa ke diphephetso tse ngata tseo ditsi tsena tsa setjhaba di tobanang le tsona, e leng tse kenyeletsang tlhoko ya mehlodi, boetapele bo fokolang, makgotla a sa sebetseng hantle, tlhoko ya moetlo wa tshebetso e ntle ya mokgatlo, tlhoko ya tshehetso ya mafapha a maholo le ho kgona ho arabela ka potlako ho ditlhoko tsa kgwebo. Hona ho baka ho se tsamaelane ha mekgwa e mmedi e le ka nnete tshebetsong. Hona ho baka hore qetellong ho be le tshebediso e mpe e fokolang ya mokgwa wa tshebetso esita le tlhahiso e fokolang ya tshebetso ya mokgatlo. Tabeng ya bone, ho fumanehile hore taolo ya koporasi e ama mokgwa wa tshebetso hampe ka lebaka la diphephetso tse seng di boletswe. Qetellong, dikgothaletso di ile tsa etswa e le ho fokotsa ho se tsamaelane le dikgeo pakeng tsa koporasi ya tshebetso le mekgwa ya tshebetso mona ka hare ho ditsi tsa setjhaba tsa Afrika Borwa, mme ka hona ho eketsa tshebetso ya mokgatlo.
___________________________________________________________________Izinhlaka zikahulumeni waseNingizimu Afrikha zidlala indima enkulu emnothweni waseNingizimu Afrikha njengoba zisiza uhulumeni ukuthi afeze imigomo ehlukene yokuhlinzekwa kwezidingongqangi emikhakheni ebalulekile yomnotho. Kodwa-ke, izikhungo zikahulumeni zibhekene nezinkinga zokulethwa kwezidingo kanye nokusebenza kwazo ezithinta kabi umnotho waseNingizimu Afrikha. Lolu cwaningo luphenye ukuhambisana phakathi kwamasu ezinga lebhizinisi nelebhizinisi ezikhungweni zikahulumeni waseNingizimu Afrikha ngenhloso yokuhlinzeka ngezincomo ezizokwenza ngcono ukuqondana kwamasu ashiwo ngenhla okuholela ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe kwenhlangano ezinhlakeni. Iyunithi yokuhlaziya ucwaningo yinhlangano yomphakathi ezinze esiFundazweni saseNyakatho Kapa. Ucwaningo lwalutholakala ngaphakathi kwe-post-positivist kanye nokuqagela kwefilosofi ye-constructivist/interpretivist. Kusetshenziswe idizayini yocwaningo oluxubile ehlangene. Engxenyeni yekhwalithi yocwaningo, kusetshenziswe umklamo wocwaningo olunamakhasi amaningi. Isampula elihlosiwe lezikhulu eziyishumi nanye, ezimele inkampani yomphakathi ngayinye kweziyisishiyagalombili kanye neminyango emithathu yezifundazwe elawula amabhizinisi ikhethelwe ucwaningo. Idatha iphinde yaqoqwa emibhalweni esemthethweni yamasu ezinga lebhizinisi nelebhizinisi ezinkampanini. Mayelana nedatha eqoqwe ngezingxoxo zomuntu ngamunye kanye nemibhalo yamasu, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha kwakuhlela ukuhlela imininingwane mayelana necala (kulolu cwaningo, ibhizinisi), ukuhlukanisa idatha futhi ihlanganiswe ngamaqembu anengqondo; kanye nokuhlonza amaphethini, izitayela nezindikimba. Khona-ke, umcwaningi wahlanganisa futhi wenza jikelele, enikeza isithombe esiphelele secala, nesiphetho kanye nencazelo ngale kwecala. Umcwaningi ubheke ukuhlangana ocwaningweni olunxantathu. Ngokwengxenye yobuningi bocwaningo, idizayini yenhlolovo yamukelwa kusetshenziswa amasu okusampula okungenzeka, kanye nohlu lwemibuzo ukuze kuqoqwe idatha. Uhlu lwemibuzo oluhleliwe oluzilawulelwa ngokwalo lwasatshalaliswa kubaphathi bezinhlangano eziyisishiyagalombili kanye neminyango emithathu elawulayo. Izinga lokuphendula lalingama-78%.
Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha okuchazayo kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha okungaphelele okubandakanya ukuhlaziywa kokuhlobana nokuhlaziywa kokuhlehla kwenziwa. Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezixubile ze-vi zisebenze njengonxantathu oqinisekisa ubuqiniso nokuthembeka kokutholwe ocwaningweni. Okutholwe okune okubalulekile kuvele ocwaningweni. Okokuqala, kutholakale ukuthi kunezinselelo eziningi izinhlangano zikahulumeni ezinazo, okuhlanganisa ukuntula kwezimali kanye nokuntuleka kwezinsiza zabantu, isiko elibi lenhlangano, izindaba zobuholi (kuhlanganise namabhodi angasebenzi) kanye nokusebenza ezinqolobaneni ezingenakho ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo, ukusho okumbalwa, okuletha ukungahambi kahle kwamasu. Lezi zinselele zithinta ukuqondanisa kwamasu ezigaba ezimbili nokusebenza kwenhlangano ngendlela engalungile ngoba amabhizinisi awakwazi ukufeza igunya lawo ngokufeza izinjongo zawo zamasu. Okwesibili, kwatholakala ukuthi ukuqondanisa phakathi kwamasu ezinga lebhizinisi kanye nezinga lebhizinisi kunomthelela ekusebenzeni kwenhlangano ezinhlakeni zikahulumeni waseNingizimu Afrikha. Okwesithathu, ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi ukuqaliswa kwamasu ebhizinisi ezinhlakeni zikahulumeni waseNingizimu Afrikha kuyinkinga enkulu. Lokhu kungenxa yezinselelo eziningi lezi zinhlaka ezibhekene nazo, ezihlanganisa ukushoda kwezinsiza, ukuntula ubuholi, amabhodi angasebenzi kahle, ukuntula isiko elihle lokuhlela, ukuntula ukusekelwa yiminyango engabazali kanye nokuvumelana nezimo ezikudingayo ukuze zikwazi ukuphendula ngokushesha, ngokwanele izidingo zabo zebhizinisi. Lokhu kubangela ukungahleleki kahle kwamasu amabili empeleni phansi. Ekugcineni lokhu kuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwamasu okungekuhle kanye nokusebenza kwenhlangano okungagculisi. Okwesine, kutholakale ukuthi ukulawulwa kwebhizinisi kunomthelela omubi ekusetshenzisweni kwamasu ngenxa yalezi zinselelo ezibalwe ngenhla. Ekugcineni, izincomo zenziwa ukuze kuncishiswe igebe lokuhambisana phakathi kwamasu ezinga lebhizinisi nelebhizinisi ezinhlakeni zikahulumeni waseNingizimu Afrikha, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe ukusebenza kwenhlangano.
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Developing an employee engagement strategy for Sparta Foods (Pty) Ltd
No full textDissertation (MBA (Business Administration))--University of the Free State, 2018The main objective of this study was to develop an employee engagement strategy for
Sparta Foods (Pty) Ltd. To achieve this objective, the researcher firstly conceptualised
the construct of employee engagement to gain a better understanding of the different
approaches and definitions relating to this concept. The dimensions of engagement
were researched and the different models of engagement studied.
It was established that four levels of engagement can be distinguished. In order to
determine the current levels of engagement within the organisation, the researcher
studied the models of measurement of engagement. Employee engagement is closely
linked to organisational performance outcomes. If an organisation can improve its
levels of engagement, it can lead to higher productivity, profitability, and employee
retention. If employees are not engaged, and the organisation does not address this,
it could not only cost the organisation in monetary value, but also contribute to lost
managerial hours spent on improving the levels of employee performance. Low levels
of employee engagement could have a significant impact on the employee turnover of
an organisation, morale in the office, quality of products, and word-of-of-mouth
promotion. For this quantitative research study, a positivist epistemological approach was
followed. Stratified random sampling was used to sample the total population, which
consisted of 792 employees. A random sample size of 400 was selected. The Utrecht
Work Engagement Scale (UWES) questionnaire was used for the collection of the
primary data. Some of the questionnaires were web-based and the remainder of the
questionnaires were hard copies that were distributed by each head of department
(HOD) in the organisation. The overall results of the study indicated that the majority of the respondents were engaged. This means that the majority of the workforce has a positive attitude, but they are not entirely action orientated. The dimensions that scored high negative
scores were vigour and absorption. The high negative scores for vigour indicated that
some of the employees did not have a positive feeling of physical strength, emotional
energy, and cognitive liveliness that arise in response to their evaluation of the work
they do. They also do not feel personally fulfilled by the work that they do and it does
not excite or invigorate them. Employees are thus unwilling to go the extra mile for the
organisation and get tired easily when doing their jobs. The respondents did not feel
like going to work in the morning and did not have high levels of energy and mental
resilience. The high negative scores for absorption, on the other hand, indicate noncommitment
and a lack of involvement by employees in their jobs. The employees are
not immersed in their jobs and for a large percentage, their job is only a means to an
end. These employees are not committed, are not inclined to put much effort into their
work, and have no interest in the organisation or a desire to stay there.
To increase the level of engagement to actively engaged, the researcher proposed an
input strategy of performance appraisals, training, and communication, which would
deliver an output of job satisfaction, career progression, and innovation for employees,
and employee retention, customer satisfaction, and growth and profitability for the
organisation