Journal of Pragmatics Research
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Co-occurences of kok and other markers in colloquial Jakartan Indonesian
Full text linkThis study analyzes discourse marker (DM) kok (why) in colloquial Jakartan Indonesian. Co-occurences of markers are noticeable features. It focuses on examining the emotive and textual functions of the co-occurences of kok and other markers. This study applied corpus methods. It was found that there are 7 markers co-occur with kok namely lho, eh, oh, lha, wah, ah, and ih that always appear on the left side of kok. Only DM sih occurs on the right side. In emotive functions, the co-occurrences were used to show shock, disappointment, and disgust. Three markers might occur together in one utterance which cause more complex senses. Some utterances with kok appear repeatedly in the form of questions. It seems that in questions with kok, the speakers feel more curious and demand more responses. In textual functions, the speakers use the co-occurrences to raise a topic, emphasize, demand answers, and negotiate. Moreover, it was also used when the speakers have just noticed something and tried to make the interlocutors notice
An Analysis on Pragmatic Force of Declarative Utterances Used by the Main Character in Mona Lisa Smile Movie and its Implication on Language Teaching
No full textThis research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The source of the data are document (the authentic manuscript) and video of “Mona Lisa Smile” film. The goals of this research are (1) to identify the contexts of declarative utterances uttered by the main character (Katherine Wattson) in the film entitled “Mona Lisa Smile”, (2) to explain the pragmatic forces of declarative utterances. To find the pragmatic forces of declarative utterances in the film entitled “Mona Lisa Smile” the researcher identifies the context of each datum in declarative utterance based on Austin’s classification of act performance in language. There are 69 utterances in the film, then the researcher randomly takes 35 utterances of declarative utterances to be analyzed. The results of this research are, that (1) In every utterance, context has important role in determine the meaning of the utterance, (2) The hearer’s response to Katherine Watson’s declarative utterances varies. The hearer’s response can be in forms of a statement, question, act and sometimes silence to Katherine utterances, (3) From the 35 of declarative utterances that have been uttered by Katherine Watson there are 13 kinds of force: consisting of insisting, claiming, complaining, apologizing, requesting, appointing, ordering, warning, suggesting, blaming, sentencing, asking, and advising. The implications of this research on teaching and learning activity are, (1) the pragmatic force of declarative utterances can be used as teacher’s classroom instruction, and (2) the pragmatic force of declarative utterances can be used as a teaching material. Keywords: pragmatic, speech act, illocution, declarative
GENDER AND AGE: LANGUAGE USE IN TV SERIES & THE IMPACT TO ENGLISH LEARNING
Full text linkThe purpose of the research is to find out the use of language in TV series in the perspective of gender and age. It is also found the differences and similarities among adult male, female and older people use the non-standard language. This research used a method of descriptive qualitative research, since it analyzes all the script on the TV series. The sample of the study is consisted of 2 parts which are divided into gender and age perspectives based on the underlying theories. The conversations were categorized as: two languages (Bahasa Indonesia or the original language of the TV series and English as the translation). The dialogs are also divided into standard language and non-standard language among adult males, females and older man (parents). Then, the findings of the research shows that Labov’s theory is rejected by Olive and Tara’s dialect in the dialog, but they support the statement of Aldous Huxley. Then, the utterances of Olive’s Father, it violates Downes’s theory who says that between the ages of 25 and 60 people choose standard as opposed to dialectical forms most frequently. Besides, by learning this journal, it is hoped that this article can be an example to the young generation early so that they do not participate in the decay of standard language specifically when they use in academic context.Keywords: Gender, Age, TV series, English Learnin
The Future and challenge of Pragmatics in English Language Teaching
Full text linkThis paper demonstrates about the future and challenge of pragmatics in English language teaching. In pragmatics, meaning in communication has an important role and it can be categorized into two elements such as verbal and nonverbal. It depends on various contexts, relationship between utterers, and social factors. In English language teaching, pragmatic is very important because the four language skills in language learning such as reading writing, listening and speaking do not occur in isolation in communicative texts or activities. So through forming a good pragmatic competence for the language learner, should be considered. As English has played an indispensable role in global communication, it is important for English language users, both native and non-native, to use clear, comprehensible and educated English that allows smooth communication and avoids misunderstandings in social interactions. Pragmatic competence can facilitate language users to successfully achieve their communicative aims in intercultural communication. Consequently, pragmatic elements have noticeable important in communication between speakers because such elements can hinder inaccuracies and misunderstandings during communication so teachers should teach pragmatic competence in language English classes through different activities and tasks.Keywords: Pragmatics, English language teaching, language competencies.
The Flouting Maxim on Twitter Influencers’ Tweets
Full text linkThis study aims to discover the use of maxim principles on the tweets that made by certain of Indonesian social-media influencers which the method is conducted qualitatively. The data is taken from Twitter.com and Twitter App, where the researcher captured the tweets randomly and analyzed it by using maxim relevance principle as the tool of analysis. The result shows vary: most of the conversations were not obeying the maxim of relevance principles, or in other words do not imply maxim of relevance principle. Moreover, the intentions are to make jokes, and to run the conversation smoothly while doing the flouting.Keywords: maxim of relevance, twitter, social media influence
Analysis of Humor on Cartoon Comics "Be Like Bro": Pragmatics Study
Full text linkThis article aims to identify the types of violation of conversational maxims created by cartoon comic entitled “Be Like Bro” in the English version and also to describe how the humorous situation can be created from those violations. There are two findings in this research. First, those six data show that there is a violation of conversational maxims, which are the maxim of quantity, the maxim of relevance, and the maxim of manner. Those six data also show that the humorous situation is creating by incongruent meaning in the conversation and releasing the feeling. Keywords: humor, cooperative principles, context, pragmatic
A Discourse Analysis on “Under the Same Sun” from Scorpions
Full text linkThe song "Under the Same Sun" firstly released in 1993 is a song written by famous rock group music namely Scorpions. This group is coming from Hannover, Germany. Though renowned phenomenally as a music group with loud genre but this song is a ballad one because it really tells the story of real-life people in the war zone while citizens of the world just show a little caring concern. The song portraits a common view on the hopelessness of victimized people in war zone who need for sympathy and empathy. Otherwise, they get no positive response from other people who live in comfort. This paper is a library research with a descriptive qualitative approach to investigate the discourse analysis of a song lyric. The approach is then used to analyze the data from the song lyrics. The discourse aims at finding the discourse on its grammatical aspect, lexical aspects, situational aspect, and contextual aspect. The study’s discourse analysis on the song lyrics reveals several features. From the grammatical aspect of this song revealed the references in the form of pronoun and demonstrative, ellipsis and conjunction. While in the lexical aspects, it found only two components, namely reps and collocation. The contextual analysis showed the cultural context and the context of the situation. Meanwhile, the situational context itself is divided into physical context, epistemic context and social context.Keywords: Grammatical Aspect, Lexical Aspect, Contextual Aspec
The problem of Presupposition in George Orwell’s Novella Animal Farm
No full textThis research attempts to investigate the pragmatics presupposition in George Orwell’s Novella Animal Farm. Specifically, it tries to identify and classify the presupposition used in conversation in Orwell’s novella. The identification is based on the presupposition triggers and classification based on six type of presupposition. The research also attempts to analyze the function in the use of presupposition in conversation. The data in this research are in form of utterances containing presupposition. Based on the classification of six presupposition types according to Yule's theory (1996), 180 presuppositions are found: 69 (38,3%) existential triggered by definite description and possessive construction, 35 (19,4%) lexical triggered by change of state verb; implicative predicate; iterative, 53 (29,4%) structural triggered by WH-question, 4 (2,2%) factive triggered by factive verb/predicate aware glad and 19 (10,6%) non-factive triggered by the verb dream imagine. Based on the six language function by Jakobson (1960), there are 5 functions of presupposition in the novella which are, 57 (47, 9%) referential, 33(27,7%) emotive, 25(21,1%) conative, 3(2,5%) poetic and 1 (0,8%) phatic. In this research, the practice of referential function in applying presupposition is considered as the most frequent.Keywords: Presupposition, presupposition triggers, Novella, George Orwel
Maxim of Cooperative Principle Violation by Dodit Mulyanto in Stand-up Comedy Indonesia Season 4
Full text linkThis study focuses on cooperative principle violation done by Dodit Mulyanto in Stand Up Comedy Indonesia season 4 using Grice’s theory. Grice expressed cooperative principle to suggest that in conversational interaction people work on the assumption that a certain set of rules is in operation, unless they receive indications to the contrary. The aims of this research are to classify the maxims of cooperative principle and to explain how Dodit Mulyanto violates cooperative principle to raise humor in Stand Up Comedy Indonesia season 4. Besides, this research is also directed to discover the types of violation maxims, the most dominant violation maxim, and to explain the causes of the most dominant violation maxim in Dodit Mulyanto’s Stand Up Comedy Indonesia season 4. This research is conducted using qualitative method. The sources of data are the 17 videos of Dodit Mulyanto’s speech during his performance in Stand Up Comedy Indonesia Kompas TV season 4 by downloading from YouTube site. The data are the utterances of Dodit Mulyanto which considered contain the violation of cooperative principles. The data are collected using the check list instrument and then analyzed based on the violation on each maxim. At the end, the researcher draws the conclusion which is in accordance with the research finding. The results of the analysis shows that all types of maxim were violated; 12 utterances violation maxim of quantity (24,4%), 13 utterances violation maxim of quality (26,5%), 22 utterances violation maxim of relation (44,9%), and 2 utterances violation maxim of manner (4,1%). The most dominant type of violation maxims was the violation maxim of relation because Dodit Mulyanto delivered too much message, which is unmatched with the topic or changed conversation topic abruptly or did the wrong causality, than is required to raise humor in Stand Up Comedy Indonesia Kompas TV season 4.Keywords: Cooperative Principle, Maxim Violation, Stand Up Comedy