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Reliefs of Hittite pantheon in Chamber A, Yazılıkaya
No full textThe reliefs of Chamber A at Yazılıkaya sanctuary illustrates rock-cut relief of 64 deities in procession. The left wall shows a procession of male deities, wearing the traditional kilts, pointed shoes and horned hats. The processions lead to a central scene of the supreme couple of the pantheon: the storm-god Teshub and the sun-goddess Hebat. Teshub stands on two mountain gods whilst Hebat stands on a panther. Behind Hebat are shown their son Sharruma, daughter Alanzu and a grand daughter. In this image we see figure nos, 29/30/31, 65/66/67, and 68/81/82/83/84/85/86/87/88/89/90/91/97.Black & white photograph
Gold idols from Alacahöyük, Anatolian Neolithic figures
No full textAnatolian Neolithic gold idol, stylized human form made from sheet gold with punched decorative dots suggesting female twins with two double holes in the center of figures. Probably symbolizing Anatolia, ca. 3500-3300 BC.Black & white photograph
View of Boğazköy from Büyükkaya, Hattusa
No full textView of the archaeological site of Hattusa, the capital city of the Hittite Empire, today in the Çorum Province, Turkey. It was built as fortress for defense of the city. The Budaközü gorge and the footpaths between these bastions form a weak spot in the defense and to protect the small valley of Budakŏzŭ near Ambarlıkaya from attacks coming from the hills next to Büyükkaya or from the gorge, the Hittites made fortifications and gates in the stream, to close this entrance of the Hattusa.Black & white photograph
Controlled photoluminescence in amorphous-silicon-nitride microcavities
No full textNarrow-band and enhanced photoluminescence have been observed in hydrogenated amorphous-silicon-nitride microcavities. The distributed Bragg reflectors were fabricated using alternating layers of hydrogenated amorphous-silicon nitride and hydrogenated amorphous-silicon oxide. The microcavity resonance wavelength was designed to be at the maximum of the bulk hydrogenated amorphous-silicon-nitride luminescence spectrum. At the microcavity resonance, the photoluminescence amplitude is enhanced, while the photoluminescence linewidth is reduced with respect to the bulk hydrogenated amorphous-silicon nitride. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics
Guided self-assembly of metallic nanowires and channels
No full textA method is presented to form metallic nanowires and nanochannels by guided self-assembly. The method relies on an initial plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of a silicon oxide film with altered chemistry on a silicon wafer, and the cracking of the film due to tensile stresses upon annealing. The fabricated stress concentration features on the Si substrate control the number of cracks and their orientation. These cracks are then filled with electroless nickel, and the subsequent removal of SiO2 produces a controlled network of nanowires of about 100 nm in dimension. In addition to nanowires, nanobridges, and nanocantilevers have also been fabricated by releasing the wires, confirming that the resulting structures are rather robust. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics
Transcriptomic response of yeast cells to ATX1 deletion under different copper levels
No full textBackground: Iron and copper homeostatic pathways are tightly linked since copper is required as a cofactor for high affinity iron transport. Atx1p plays an important role in the intracellular copper transport as a copper chaperone transferring copper from the transporters to Ccc2p for its subsequent insertion into Fet3p, which is required for high affinity iron transport. Results: In this study, genome-wide transcriptional landscape of ATX1 deletants grown in media either lacking copper or having excess copper was investigated. ATX1 deletants were allowed to recover full respiratory capacity in the presence of excess copper in growth environment. The present study revealed that iron ion homeostasis was not significantly affected by the absence of ATX1 either at the transcriptional or metabolic levels, suggesting other possible roles for Atx1p in addition to its function as a chaperone in copper-dependent iron absorption. The analysis of the transcriptomic response of atx1 Delta/atx1 Delta and its integration with the genetic interaction network highlighted for the first time, the possible role of ATX1 in cell cycle regulation, likewise its mammalian counterpart ATOX1, which was reported to play an important role in the copper-stimulated proliferation of non-small lung cancer cells. Conclusions: The present finding revealed the dispensability of Atx1p for the transfer of copper ions to Ccc2p and highlighted its possible role in the cell cycle regulation. The results also showed the potential of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism in studying the capacity of ATOX1 as a therapeutic target for lung cancer therapy
Erratum: Pseudo-Hermiticity for a class of nondiagonalizable Hamiltonians [J. Math. Phys. 43, 6343 (2002)]
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Nucleos(t)ide analogs in the prevention of hepatitis B virus related hepatocellular carcinoma
No full textHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common cancer types and causes of cancer related mortality worldwide. Almost 50% of all HCC cases globally are attributable to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The incidence rates of HCC in untreated Asian subjects with HBV infection was estimated to be 0.2% in inactive carriers, 0.6% for those with chronic hepatitis without cirrhosis, and 3.7% for those with compensated cirrhosis. In Western populations, HCC incidences are reported to be 0.02% in inactive carriers, 0.3% in subjects with chronic hepatitis without cirrhosis, and 2.2% in subjects with compensated cirrhosis. Despite effective antiviral treatment options which are able to transform chronic hepatitis into an inactive carrier state, the risk of HCC cannot be fully ruled out to exclude those patients from surveillance. Newer nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) as entecavir and tenofovir are very potent in terms of sustained virological suppression which leads to improved liver histology. However, they do not have any influence on the cccDNA or integrated DNA of HBV in the liver. Nonetheless, viral replication is the only modifiable component among the established risk factors for HBV-related HCC with the current treatment options. In this review, it was aimed to summarize cumulative evidence behind the concept of prevention of HBV related HCC by NAs, and to discuss remaining obstacles to eliminate the risk of HCC
Is it Barrett's esophagus or gastric heterotopia?
No full textColumnar epithelium in the distal part of the esophagus is generally related to Barrett's esophagus. Barrett's esophagus is a well-known premalignant lesion for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Therefore, its diagnosis and surveillance are important. Columnar epithelium in the esophagus other than Barrett's esophagus can be gastric heterotopia, which generally takes place in the upper part of the esophagus and is named inlet patch. The presence of gastric metaplasia in the distal part of the esophagus is rare and can cause misdiagnosis. Therefore, its differentiation from Barrett's esophagus is important. Here we present a case of gastric heterotopia located in the distal part of the esophagus that caused reflux-like symptoms and needed differentiation from Barrett's esophagus