Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages
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Prevalence and impact of gastrointestinal helminths on body weight gain in backyard chickens in subtropical and humid zone of Jammu, India
Get PDFFlower color mutant and its possible significance in Commelina benghalensisL. (Commelinaceae)
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Nature and Magnitude of Climatic Change in Turkmenistan with Special Reference to Temperature and Precipitation
Get PDFWithin the broader perspectives of environmental ecology the climate
factors play an important role for the sustenance of biosphere at large. Cyclic
movements of nutrients along with ecological balances prevailing at various
stages in a biosphere are being governed by nature and magnitude of climatic
changes, which are having different range of variations. Accordingly impact
analysis on varying bi-products differs from region to region. Magnitude of
climatic change determines nature of ecology. All related components of
climatic factors including temperature, precipitation, sunlight, moisture etc,
effects the various aspects such as occurrence, distribution, productivity and
growth of flora and fauna. Besides this range of climatic factors encompasses
wider centripetal and centrifugal forces of bio-geo chemical cycles۔Present study is concerned with the nature and magnitude of climatic
change with special reference to temperature and precipitation. This type of
study is important because it signifies interplay of physical and socioeconomic factors operating in a particular region. Magnitude of climatic
changes has their impact on temperature variations, season cycles,
biodiversity models, ecological habitats and their significance extends
latitudinally and longitudinally. Virtually all human activities are effected by
magnitude of climatic change which may be defined as a condition of
atmosphere for a given time period. As such study of nature and magnitude of climatic changes in their spatial content is a basic necessity for understanding
geography of an area.
Atmospheric changes, omnipresence of weather, influence of physical
environment ensures people’s interest and concern for weather elements. High
velocity winds, heat waves, cloud snaps, sunshine and cloudiness, heavy rain
or its absence, snow, hail, thunder and lightning are few of the observes of
nature and magnitude of climatic changes that occur in atmospheric envelope
that surrounds the earth19. While analyzing and studying spatially such
climatic changes, significance of the study goes much deeper.
The varying topography and latitudinal extend of the territory of
Turkmenistan in the zone of non tropical deserts makes it more vulnerable to
climate change. Hence this characteristic provides a base for having a spatial
study of nature and magnitude of climatic changes with special reference to
temperature and precipitation
Nationalism in India During the Early Twentieth Century: A Study of Muslim Scholars’ Response
No full textN
ationalism is relatively a modern political doctrine. Its early propounder was Rosseau, an European thinker who held that good community was because of homogenous population. The doctrine, however, flourished not in France but in Germany. Its writers like Hereder and Fichte advocated nationalism as a legitimate basis of statehood. To them, it was the language that became the repository of their national character and heritage and their expansion as a specific nationality took place on this account. Hans Kohn, too, associates nationalism with the masses and popular forms of politics. The phenomenon of nationalism is found also in the eastern countries although it is sometimes termed as ‘alien’, ‘ethnic’ and ‘undemocratic’ by the Western scholars. On the contrary their own nationalism is described as ‘authentic’, ‘liberal’ and ‘democratic’. The various types of nationalism have got gradually manifested in history like Turkish nationalism, Arab nationalism and Indian nationalism.
Nationalism in India assumed a complex form in the twentieth century. It was partly due to the infiltration of the Western ideas and partly due to the co-existence of diverse cultural and ideological groups existing in India. In the early twentieth century the Indian freedom movement was in its full swing and various socio-religious movements and organizations were involved in it. Indian National Congress was the biggest of all these movements. It stood for the cause of Indian nationalism that the freedom should be for the geographical and the cultural integration of Indian people. The movement also discerned the two trends of nationalism – one represented by Hindu orthodoxy and the other by moderates and liberals (consisting of both Hindu and Muslim elites). So one layer of it was secular nationalism or united nationalism. The other was extremist one that took place among the staunch Hindu religious groups like Arya Samaj and Shudi Sangatan and Mahasabai.
The Muslims who had been rulers of India before the British dominated it and whose role in the first war of independence against the British in 1857 was pioneering one and they were not outrightly ignorant about these trends of Indian nationalism. The Muslim elites were conscious about the nature and implications of the various types of nationalism and its movements during the twentieth century India. That is why the Muslim scholars, not withstanding their strong advocacy for the freedom of India, responded to the growing trends of nationalism in India. Their response was, however, varied and multidimensional. Politically, too, the phase of early twentieth century was very crucial as it was this very nationalism and its trends and responses that shaped the future course of Indian history
An Objective-Based Evaluation of Higher Education in Kashmir
Get PDFHistory of development of mankind is millennium years old. One of the
major sources of their development is the knowledge, which the homosapiens
have acquired through experience, observation of natural and social
phenomenon and through experimentation. Accumulation, preservation,
transmission, and generation of this knowledge through institutional
arrangement like, universities, colleges and schools have formed important
link in the continuum of development of the mankind.
The development of knowledge through interaction among the social
groups gave rise to the knowledge of social order, social institutions, social
and individual existence, individual action and social response, family
institution and community authorities and the state which were further
culminated into regional and global organizations. The interaction between
individual social group with nature and physical products gave rise to the
knowledge of natural and physical sciences and use of science for the
well-being of its members. It also gave rise to economic institution,
economic order, economic possessions and its corresponding ability to
influence social order and physical products. This interaction further gave
rise to complex phenomenon of play of economic, social and physical
forces and the knowledge of inter-relationship among these forces. Whereas,
these forces operate in the field of life the institutional arrangements of
universities and schools continued to provide the information and knowledge
of historical past, ability to understand and analyze it, ability to reflect on
contemporary phenomenon and ability to cause changes through
experimentation, research and through opinion building among people.
Thus in the area of knowledge and development, the university
education (higher education) occupies a centre stage position. It influences the
social changes through opinion building, economic development through
human resources development which is caused by education training and
ABSTRACT
ii
Socio-Economic development through Research and Development.
Societies, which developed these institutional arrangements and
provided opportunities to a greater number of their members, had the
advantage of transforming the knowledge into physical products and using
these products for further experimentation and enhancement of knowledge
for the well being of their members. Those societies which have developed
and strengthened the institutional arrangements, (particularly after the
knowledge started considerably influencing the socio-economic and political
order), are on the forefront of the development. Those societies that could not
support and strengthen it experienced a wide gap in their development as
compared to the former type. The proposition therefore is that universities
form very important link and the source of development of any society. If
the universities are properly' developed and strengthened they become key
to progress. If they are marginalized then the society also gets marginalized
Residual Entropy Function and Its Applications
Get PDFThe word ‗information‘ is very common word used in everyday language. Information transmission usually occurs through human voice (as in telephone, radio, television, etc.), books, newspapers, letters, etc. In all these cases a piece of information is transmitted from one place to another. However, one might like to quantitatively assess the quality of information contained in a piece of information
Edaphic Factors and Plant Community Organization in Branwar Forest of Kashmir Himalaya
Get PDFIn the recent years, several scholars working on the Himalayan ‘Ecocrisis’ are in agreement that the forests in the region are suffering from severe biotic stress and that the damage ensuing is nearing the point of becoming irreversible. The forests are intimately linked with the agro-ecosystems in the mountainous areas of the Himalaya and the depletion has definite and obvious impacts on the overall socioeconomic and agricultural scenario of the entire region. The productivity in agriculture has diminished over the years, rain fall has become erratic and lesser in amounts, water resources are fast drying up, land instability has increased, top soil erosion rate has increased, several species of plants and animals have become threatened, adverse climatic changes are in the offing, yield of milch cattle is on decline, pollution has become a problem to reckon with and all this with its attendant effects have resulted in a decline in the quality of life of the people. The future is becoming increasingly uncertain and this has given rise to allied social discontentment which is being reflected in various socio-political movements taking place (Shah and Pande, 1990