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Difficulties for theorisation within planning research and practice – an exploration of key dimensions of planning theories
No full textA good-practice guide to solving and refining molecular organic crystal structures from laboratory powder X-ray diffraction data
Get PDFThis article focuses on a specific real-space methodology for solving and refining molecular organic crystal structures, developed by the authors and collaborators. It outlines a practical route from polycrystalline samples to refined crystal structures, emphasizing efficient global optimization by DASH and the robust refinement capabilities of TOPAS. The approach prioritizes laboratory-to-laboratory reproducibility via a standardized workflow that addresses key challenges in molecular organic crystal structure determinatio
Trauma, the sublime and the uncanny in Isaac Rosenberg’s war poetry
No full textThis thesis examines the poetry of Isaac Rosenberg (1890-1918) in relation to theories
of trauma, the uncanny and the sublime. Rosenberg’s poetry is difficult to locate in
the larger discourse of the twentieth century and this problem is complicated by his
hybrid identity as an Anglo-Jewish poet and by the mixed traditions that inspire him
from Hebrew, Hellenic and Greek sources. I discuss his early poetry and the sublime
while investigating the poet’s literary taste and the influence of the Romantics,
particularly William Blake (1857-1827) on his aesthetics. The imbalance between
Rosenberg’s subject matter in these early experiments and the sublime is resolved in
his war poetry because of the relevance of war to such a grandiose theme. I point out
the importance of the uncanny and trauma in Rosenberg’s war poetry in revealing
how repression and anxiety affect him and result in his unsettled diction and
precarious style. I investigate the poet’s trauma through tracing its symptoms in his
later works and some of his letters, revealing how he attempted to relieve his pains
by composing poetry while being in the trenches of WWI. I aim to add to existing
scholarship on Rosenberg and to contribute to a better understanding of his poetry by
considering the connection between these three concepts and their importance to his
poetry
The multiple benefits delivered by hedgerows: Where is the evidence and does it meet current knowledge needs?
Get PDF1. Hedges and hedgerows are a familiar feature in many global landscapes and can support a wide range of benefits. These range from environmental to societal, including habitat for wildlife, provision of pollination and pest control services, shade and shelter for crops and livestock, and heritage and aesthetic benefits connecting people to nature in rural and urban areas.
2. This study sought to explore perspectives on hedgerow benefits and research priorities. It also explored the knowledge needs of a range of stakeholders involved with planting, maintaining, educating and developing policy in relation to hedges and hedgerows. Stakeholders' needs were investigated through a series of workshops and surveys; they were compared with the findings from a systematic
review of the literature to understand whether sufficient research and guidance is currently available.
3. Stakeholders valued the benefits hedges and hedgerows provided to wildlife, nature-based services, such as provision of pollination and pest control, climate
change mitigation and adaptation, and flooding alleviation in both rural and urban environments.
4. The review of the literature identified gaps in the geographical coverage of hedgerow research as well as a disconnect between some benefits valued by stakeholders, such as flooding alleviation and climate change mitigation, and the availability of evidence on managing and planting hedges and hedgerows to maximise these benefits.
5. Priority areas for future research and dissemination of research on hedgerows are highlighted, including targeting locations, contexts and regions where there is currently a lack of available evidence, supporting research on understudied factors or benefits, and finally implementing research that tests and compares hedge characteristics and management approaches in order to underpin practical management and policy
Effects of microalgae on in vitro rumen degradation, fermentation characteristics, and methane yield
No full textRecommendations for testing enteric methane-mitigating feed additives in ruminant studies
No full textPhysicochemical and rheological properties of dietary fibres extracted from agri-food by products: comparison against methylcellulose
Get PDFFibres from different agri-food by products have varying physicochemical and functional properties that require
further investigation in the context of sustainable food production to fundamentally understand the relationship
between composition, structure and function. In this study, physicochemical and rheological properties of dietary
fibres (DF) extracted from nine different sources namely apple pomace, wheat straw, hemp fibres, oat hulls, oat
bran, pumpkin seeds, mushrooms compost, and coffee silverskin were compared to methylcellulose. The hydration, emulsifying, structural, and rheological properties were characterised. Hemp fibre (69.63 g/100g) and
apple pomace (19.52 g/100g) had the relatively highest and lowest DF contents. Onion peels dietary fibre
(OPDF) exhibited the highest water binding (0.94 g/g) and swelling capacities (13.85 mL/g). Methylcellulose
(MC), acid-extracted apple pomace dietary fibre (AC-APDF) had the highest water holding capacities (12.74 g/g).
MC was the only sample to exhibit excellent emulsification property with no serum layer observed. All DF
samples and MC exhibited shear thinning behaviours with increasing shear rates. The spectral analysis showed
that all DF samples contained characteristic peaks of polysaccharides. The findings correlate with results from
PCA analysis and indicate the potential of DF from onion peels and apple pomace to act as a functional ingredient
in the food industry
Global synthesis of apple pollination research highlights general pollen limitation and positive contributions of wild bees compared to honeybees
No full textApple is one of the most important pollinator‐dependent fruit crops worldwide. To secure high‐quality yields, it is crucial to know which, and to what extent, pollinating insects contribute to its pollination success as measured by fruit set, fruit weight and seed set.
We perform a meta‐analysis of field studies conducted across multiple orchards on insect‐mediated pollination in apple cultivation, using raw data from 29 studies, totalling 532 orchard replicates. We assessed the extent of pollen limitation on different pollination outcomes and assessed the contribution of honeybees, wild bees and bee species richness to apple pollination.
Across all studies, we detected strong evidence of pollen limitation for fruit set and seed set, but not for fruit weight. Honeybees were the most abundant flower visitors (average relative visitation of 71.9%) compared to wild bees; but when correcting for their pollination efficiency, the relative pollination contribution of honeybees was lower compared to their relative visitation (vice versa for solitary bees).
We conclude that honeybee visitation rate did not influence fruit or seed set; yet increasing honeybee visitation had a small, negative effect on fruit weight. Fruit set was not influenced by wild bee visitation rate, whereas wild bee visitation had a small, but clear positive effect on fruit weight and seed set. Bee species richness had a small, positive effect on seed set; whereas it did not affect fruit set and fruit weight.
Syntheses and applications. Our study highlights that pollen limitation is common in this global crop. While managed honeybees are dominant pollinators, a diverse community of wild bees contributes significantly to apple pollination and high‐quality yield. The positive effect of wild bees and species richness on fruit weight and seed set demonstrates that wild bee pollination results in better‐quality fruit production (increased weight & seed set). Therefore, our synthesis highlights the importance of conserving pollinator diversity to maintain pollination services. The absence of a clear effect of honeybee visitation rate on fruit and seed set, coupled with its negative impact on fruit weight, suggests a need for further optimisation of honeybee management to improve the cost‐efficiency of pollination management
The caring-with practitioner: diffracting practice-research dynamics in urban care
Get PDFThis article casts a light on the role of practitioner‐researchers working towards more caring cities within an expanded set of actors. By introducing the caring‐with practitioner, we draw attention to engaged, relational, and constitutively entangled forms of practice within urban care discourse. This contributes to professional practice scholarship (within urban planning, built environment, and design professions) by intersecting theory on/in practice with contemporary discourses around care. The article revisits interview transcripts from a British Academy‐funded project, Caring‐With Cities (2021–2022), in which practitioners working across policy and community‐led contexts discuss efforts to shift power dynamics within the urban realm. We also draw on our own experiences as design practitioner‐researchers embedded within collaborative projects that seek to put “caring with” (Tronto, 2015) theories into practice. Through diffractive inquiry (Barad, 2007), the article moves beyond established modes of thinking about practice‐research dynamics, which often use reflection‐in‐action/reflection‐on‐action (Schön, 1983) or conceptualise the practitioner as mediator (Forester, 1987). Set against design debates on difference and the pluriverse (Escobar, 2018), the caring‐with practitioner adds to and challenges thought on working in partnership to engage across difference. We contribute to an epistemology of practice founded on acts of caring‐with. The caring‐with practitioner operates not only through the apparatus of practice‐research, but through an intra‐active entanglement with the apparatuses and boundary‐drawing practices of others. To practice in this way involves holding multiple roles that are co‐emergent and mutually constitutive across projects and organisations, drawing attention to and determining what comes to matter
