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أثر استخدام الألعاب التربوية في تنمية بعض مهارات التفكير لدى أطفال الروضة
No full textهدف البحث إلى التعرف على أثر الألعاب التربوية في نمو بعض مهارات التفكير لدى أطفال الروضة . تم تقسيم عينة الدراسة إلى مجموعتين : تجريبية وضابطة ، حيث تم تقديم البرنامج المقترح للمجموعة التجريبية . وأشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطات المجموعة التجريبية والضابطة على اختبار مهارات التفكير لصالح المجموعة التجريبية
On the protective effect of omega-3 against propionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rat pups.
No full textBACKGROUNDS:
The investigation of the environmental contribution for developmental neurotoxicity is very important. Many environmental chemical exposures are now thought to contribute to the development of neurological disorders, especially in children. Results from animal studies may guide investigations of human populations toward identifying environmental contaminants and drugs that produce or protect from neurotoxicity and may help in the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders.
OBJECTIVE:
To study the protective effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid on brain intoxication induced by propionic acid (PPA) in rats.
METHODS:
24 young male Western Albino rats were enrolled in the present study. They were grouped into three equal groups; oral buffered PPA-treated group given a nuerotoxic dose of 250 mg/Kg body weight/day for 3 days; omega-3 - protected group given a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight/day omega-3 orally daily for 5 days followed by PPA for 3 days, and a third group as control given only phosphate buffered saline. Tumor necrosis factor-α, caspase-3, interlukin-6, gamma amino-buteric acid (GABA), serotonin, dopamine and phospholipids were then assayed in the rats brain's tissue of different groups.
RESULTS:
The obtained data showed that PPA caused multiple signs of brain toxicity as measured by depletion of gamaaminobyteric acid (GABA), serotonin (5HT) and dopamine (DA) as three important neurotransmitters that reflect brain function. A high significant increase of interlukin-6 (Il-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as excellent markers of proinflammation and caspase-3 as a proapotic marker were remarkably elevated in the intoxicated group of rats. Moreover, brain phospholipid profile was impaired in PPA-treated young rats recording lower levels of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylcholine (PC).
CONCLUSIONS:
Omega-3 fatty acids showed a protective effects on PPA - induced changes in rats as there was a remarkable amelioration of most of the measured parameters (i.e. higher GABA, 5HT, DA, PE, PS and PC) and lower Il-6, TNF-α and caspase-3.Research grou
Plasma fatty acids as diagnostic markers in autistic patients from Saudi Arabia.
No full textBACKGROUNDS:
Autism is a family of developmental disorders of unknown origin. The disorder is characterized by behavioral, developmental, neuropathological and sensory abnormalities, and is usually diagnosed between the ages of 2 and 10 with peak prevalence rates observed in children aged 5-8 years. Recently, there has been heightened interest in the role of plasma free fatty acids (FA) in the pathology of neurological disorders. The aim of this study is to compare plasma fatty acid profiles of Saudi autistic patients with those of age-matching control subjects in an attempt to clarify the role of FA in the etiology of autism.
METHODS:
26 autistic patients together with 26-age-matching controls were enrolled in the present study. Methyl esters of FA were extracted with hexane, and the fatty acid composition of the extract was analyzed on a gas chromatography.
RESULTS:
The obtained data proved that fatty acids are altered in the plasma of autistic patients, specifically showing an increase in most of the saturated fatty acids except for propionic acid, and a decrease in most of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The altered fatty acid profile was discussed in relation to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and the high lead (Pb) concentration previously reported in Saudi autistic patients. Statistical analysis of the obtained data shows that most of the measured fatty acids were significantly different in autistic patients compared to age -matching controls.
CONCLUSIONS:
Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis shows satisfactory values of area under the curve (AUC) which could reflect the high degree of specificity and sensitivity of the altered fatty acids as biomarkers in autistic patients from Saudi Arabia.Autism Research and treatment cente
Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic,and Nano-Metal Chemistry
No full textSynthesis of In2O3 nanoparticles by thermal decomposition of
γ -irradiated indium acetate in presence of benzyl alcohol has been
studied. The interaction between indium acetate and benzyl alcohol
led to formation of a white gel. Thermal decomposition of the
gel gave In2O3 nanoparticles. The results showed that the indium
complex decomposes to In2O3 via an intermediate compound. The
characterization of the intermediate as well as final compound
was carried out by thermogravimetry, Fourier-transform infrared
(FT-IR) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy.
Nanoparticles of cubic In2O3 with crystallite size in the
nanoparticles range were formed after calcinations at temperature up to 900◦C
Association of 1347 G/A cytochrome P450 4F2 (CYP4F2) gene
No full textGenetic variants of cytochrome P450 4F2 (CYP4F2) gene have been suggested to be risk factors for hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and stroke. In the present case–control study we investigated the association of 1347 G/A polymorphism (rs2108622) in the 11th exon region of CYP4F2 gene with hypertension, ischemic stroke and stroke subtypes classified according to TOAST (Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) classification. Five hundred and seven stroke patients (hypertensives: normotensives = 279:228) and four hundred and eighty, age and sex matched controls (males: females =356:131) (hypertensives: normotensives = 148:339) were involved in the study. The genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP technique. Genotypes were confirmed by subjecting the PCR products to sequencing. Significant difference was observed in the genotypic distribution and allelic frequency between the stroke patients and healthy controls. AA genotype and A allele associated significantly with stroke and hypertension [P = 0.009; OR = 1.59 (95% CI = 1.119–2.283) and P = 0.010; OR = 1.26 (95% CI = 1.056–1.502); P = 0.01; OR = 1.58 (95% CI = 1.11–2.272) and P = 0.010; OR = 1.25(95% CI =1.054–1.504) respectively]. A stepwise logistic regression analysis confirmed these findings. To establish that this polymorphism is associated with stroke independent of hypertension; we compared stroke patients without hypertension with normotensive controls. Significant difference was observed in genotypic distribution and allelic frequency between the two groups (P = 0.001 and 0.002 respectively).
Evaluating the association of this polymorphism with stroke subtypes we found significant associations with cardioembolic stroke (P\0.001). In conclusion our study suggests that 1347A allele of CYP4F2 gene is an important risk factorfor hypertension and ischemic stroke
Formulation of cashew nut shell liquid (CSNL) nanoemulsion, a potent inhibitor of human MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation
No full textCashew nut shell liquid (CSNL) nanoemulsion has been formulated and its cytotoxic activity was determined using human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) adopting MTT assay and established staining techniques. MCF-7 cells treated with CSNL nanoemulsion suffered loss of viability and death mostly through apoptosis and/or necrosis as evidenced by the changes in the nuclear morphology and cytoplasmic features. The IC50 value of 48-h treatment groups fall in the range of 88 ± 14.2 ll/ml. In conclusion, the antiproliferative and morphological effects of CSNL nanoemulsion appear to be target-specific killing of cells which gives further lead to study apoptotic pathways as target for breast cancer therapy. This study has provided a scientific basis for the anti-tumor property of CSNL nanoemulsion with respect to breast cancer
The Banach Lie algebra of multiplication operators on a von Neumann algebra
No full textThe hermitian part L(A)h of the Banach-Lie _-algebra L(A) of
multiplication operators on the W_-algebra A is a unital GM-space, the base
of the dual cone in the dual GL-space (L(A)h)_ of which is a_ne isomorphic
and weak_-homeomorphic to the state space of L(A). It is shown that there
exists a Lie _-isomorphism _ from the quotient (A_1Aop)=K of an enveloping
W_-algebra A _1 Aop of A by a weak_-closed Lie _-ideal K onto L(A), the
restriction to the hermitian part ((A _1 Aop)=K)h of which is a bi-positive
real linear isometry, thereby giving a characterization of the state space of
L(A). In the special case in which A is a W_-factor this leads to a further
identi_cation of the state space of L(A) in terms of the state space of A. As
an application, a formula is obtained for the norm of an element of L(A)h in
terms of a centre-valued `norm' on A. For aW_-algebra A, L(A) coincides with
the set of generalized derivations of A, and a similar formula was previously obtained by non-order theoretic methods
السلطة الاجتماعية في الرواية النسائية السعودية الجديدة
No full textيدرس هذا البحث قضية السلطة الاجتماعية في الرواية النسائية السعودية الجديدة ، ويركز على الصراع بين التشكيل الروائي والسلطة الاجتماعية المتمثلة في ثقافة المجتمع السعودي وخصوصية تلك الثقافة ، حيث تحكم تلك السلطة هيمنتها على الكتابة تارة وتنهزم أمامها تارة أخرى ، وقد جاء البحث بعد مقدمته بتمهيد يبين خصوصية الرواية وطاقتها الاستيعابية الواسعة ، ثم بعد ذلك تأتي محاور البحث الرئيسة كما يلي :
المحور الأول / يدرس العلاقة بين التشكيل الروائي والسلطة الاجتماعية .
المحور الثاني / يدرس هيمنة السلطة الاجتماعية على الرواية .
المحور الثالث / يدرس انهزام السلطة الاجتماعية أمام الكتابة الروائية .
وقد اتخذ البحث من روايتي ( بنات الرياض والبحريات ) أنموذجا لدراسته لقدرة الروايتين على استيفاء مقاصد الدراسة وأهدافها
Effect of TiO2-P25 addition on Ni/α- Al2O3 catalytic activity in CO2 reforming of CH4
No full textThe effect of the TiO2-P25 content on the catalytic performance of Ni/ TiO2-P25– α- Al2O3 for carbon dioxide reforming of methane was studied TiO2-P25 addition to the Al2O3 support by impregnation. Catalyst activity and stability for CO2 reforming of CH4 depends specifically upon the support and the active metal. A side reaction of dry reforming of methane is the decomposition to carbon and hydrogen, forming carbon on the oxide support and the metal. The formed carbon covers the Ni particles causing catalyst deactivation. Hence, an appropriate combination of Ni with support is needed to allow for long term stable operation. In this paper, CO2 reforming of CH4 is studied by investigating the effect of addition of TiO2-P25 to - Al2O3 support used for nickel based catalyst. The reforming reactions are performed using (CO2: CH4) feed ratio of 1:1 and reaction temperature range of 500-800C. Both fresh and used catalysts are characterized by SEM and TGA techniques. It is found when - Al2O3 support is modified with 20 wt % TiO2-P25 the catalyst activity and stability is enhanced. The conversion rates of CH4 and CO2 without and with 20 wt % TiO2-P25 respectively are changed from 72.3 to 76.7% and 73.3 to 81.2% respectively and the carbon formation is varied from 28.1 to 12.8 respectivelyUA