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الخلافات الزوجية وأخلاقيات التعامل معها
No full textيتكون هذا البحث من مقدمة وتمهيد وأربعة فصول وخاتمة، وهو على النحو الآتي:
المقدمة : وقد بينت فيها أهمية الموضوع وخطة البحث .
التهميد: وقد بينت فيه تعريف الخلق وكيفية الاختيار في الزواج وحقوق الزوجين
وفيه ثلاثة مباحث:
المبحث الأول:تعريف الخلق.
المبحث الثاني:الاختيار في الزواج.
المبحث الثالث:الحقوق بين الزوجين
الفصل الأول:أسباب الخلافات الزوجية وأخلاقيات التعامل معها
وفيه ثلاثة مباحث:.
المبحث الأول:أسباب الخلافات الزوجية.
المبحث الثاني:منهج التعامل مع الخلافات الزوجية.
المبحث الثالث:المشكلات الزوجية وأخلاقيات التعامل معها.
الفصل الثاني:إدارة الخلافات الزوجية
وفيه أربعة مباحث:
المبحث الأول:أخلاقيات التعامل مع الخلافات في لحظاتها الأولى.
المبحث الثاني:ضوابط في إدارة الخلافات الزوجية.
المبحث الثالث:عوامل تمنع ظهور الخلافات الزوجية.
المبحث الرابع:أخلاقيات الحوار بين الزوجين.
الفصل الثالث:منهج القرآن في علاج الخلافات الزوجية.
الفصل الرابع:منهج الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم في علاج الخلافات الزوجية.
الخاتمة :وذكرت فيها أهم النتائج.
فهرس المراجع
مفهوم قاعدة الاستخلاف في الاقتصاد الإسلامي دراسة تأصيلية في ضوء القران الكريم
No full textتعرض البحث لأقسام الاستخلاف وأنها قسمان رئيسان: عام يشمل البشر كلهم , وخاص وهو نوعان: استخلاف الدول , واستخلاف الأفراد.
والاستخلاف يتضمن وجود أربعة أطراف:
1- المستخلِف: وهو الله عزَّ وجلَّ سواءً في الاستخلاف العام أو الخاص.
2- المستخلَف: وهو الإنسان سواءً في الاستخلاف العام أو الخاص.
3- المستخلَف فيه: وهو الأرض في الاستخلاف العام , والأرض والمال الخاصَّين في الاستخلاف الخاص.
4- المستخلَف عنه: وهو كل من كان قبل المستخلَف من الأمم والأفراد السابقين في ملكية الأرض والمال.
وأخيراً توصل الباحث إلى أنه ليس من مستلزمات استخلاف الله لعباده في أرضه وماله أن يكونوا خلفاء عنه فيهما, بل إن هذا التصور غير صحيح لمخالفته لأصول العقيدة الصحيحة والتصور السليم للاستخلاف: أن الله عزَّ وجلَّ استخلف عباده في أرضه وعلى ماله عن من سبقهم من الأمم والأفرا
Tumour infiltrating CD25+ FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) relate to tumour grade and stromal inflammation in oral squamous cell carcinoma
No full textThis research is aimed to quantitate and characterize the subtypes of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), in particular the presence of FoxP3+ Tregs in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma using monospecific antibody staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The correlation between tumour grade and the intensity of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes was tried to be tested, to assume a putative linkage between them. Thirty-four cases of histologically proven primary oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) of different grades of differentiation were assorted to groups 1–3. Three-micron sections of tissue were cut and captured on electrically charged slides (Vision BioSystem, Mount Waverley, Australia) and stained using monospecific antibody against FoxP3+ Treg phenotype (dilution 1:40, Mouse monoclone No: 236A/E7, Ab 20034, IgG1; Abcam, Cambridge, UK). Automated protocols were employed for staining and scoring of staining intensity using Bond™ system (Vision BioSystem). Significant difference in staining intensities (Tregs) was noted among the histologic grades of tumour, where well-differentiated OSCC had significantly low expression of FoxP3+ Tregs in comparison with moderately and poorly differentiated tumours. A significant linear correlation was established between tumour grade and the intensity of TILs, where high grade tumours (poor differentiation) were more markedly infiltrated. There was also a significant positive correlation between FoxP3+ Tregs and TILs in cases studied. The correlation of these three variables noted in the study (FoxP3+ Tregs, tumour grade and TILs) and their significance in a meta-analysis may prove useful in targeting patients with high-risk neoplasms for more aggressive treatment protocols and management strategies.King Saud Universit
Adverse effects of orthodontic treatment: A clinical perspective
No full textOrthodontic treatment is associated with a number of adverse effects, such as root resorption, pain, pulpal changes, periodontal disease, and temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). Orthodontists should be aware of these effects and associated risk factors. Risk factors linked to root resorption include the duration of treatment, length, and shape of the root, trauma history, habits, and genetic predisposition.King Saud Universit
Ventilatory function among healthy young Saudi adults: a comparison with Caucasian reference values
No full textBackground: Ethnic differences in lung function are recognized. However, most of the modern lung function equipments are pre-programmed with Caucasian reference values.
Objective: Measure spirometric values among healthy Saudi male and female adults and compare with the Caucasian reference values in a standard spirometer.
Methods: Thirty healthy Saudi young adults (15 males and 15 females; mean age 25 years) participated in this study. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC (%), and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) were recorded using a portable digital spirometer.
Results: Mean values of FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC (%) and MVV for the Saudi subjects were significantly lower than the Caucasians predicted values.
Conclusion: Interpretation of lung function tests of Saudi subjects based on the Caucasian prediction equations is generally not valid, as the parameters of lung function tests in Saudi subjects are lower than the Caucasian reference values. The present results underline an urgent need for larger studies to develop prediction equations based on normative spirometric values for Saudi population involving subjects of all ages and both genders living in different climates of the country
Primary study on the Laser induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) for diagnosing the breast cancer
No full textSo far large effort has been made for the cancer diagnostics, which is spread over a wide range of the whole world. In these experimental works, the scientist used many different techniques. These techniques which are used depend on the nature of the environmental and the nature of cancer within these countries. Addition to that these techniques should deal with the tissue without make any change or damage to the structure of the tissues or causes any side effect for the patient after recovery from the cancer.
In our research work we will use a new technique that may help us to diagnostics the cancer types and cancer stages safely and more accrue. Moreover this technique helps us to diagnostics the cancer in early stage. Our technique in this project depends on the interaction between the laser and the soft tissue to induced plasma. First, we will measure the plasma spectra from the tissues to help us to study the element of tissues and its structure and compare it with the reference tissue (healthy tissue). From this comparison we will determine the cancer stage and cancer type. Moreover, we will be able to determine the element that causes the cancer from the spectra of the tissue. To achieve this goal, we will use Nd-Yag laser with 532 nm wavelength, 180 m] energy and 7ns pulse duration time to induce the plasma from the tissue. We will measure the plasma spectra using ESA-3000 spectra that connect to ICCD camera and spectrograph to have a whole complete image for the tissue. Moreover we will be able to classify the cancer tumors by study the difference in the intensity ratio of trace elements in normal and cancerous materia
A Novel Stegnosystem Design for Defying Differential Power Analysis Attacks on Smart Cards
No full textDifferential Power Analysis (DPA) attacks extract the secret key of cryptographic algorithm, by analyzing the power dissipation of the smart card during the execution of the computation. Cryptosystems such as DES, the AES and public-key cryptosystems are easily perceptive to the DPA attacks. Several techniques can be used to prevent differential power analysis attacks. One method is to design algorithms that have a constant execution path and use operations that have little variation in their power usage. In this paper, we are proposing algorithmic countermeasures for differential power analysis attacks on smart cards. The proposed countermeasure is to induce a new smart card system that is not cryptosystem. The new technique, namely stegnosystem, relies on using stegnography instead of cryptography. The user has to provide his/her password, which is compared to the password hidden in the smart card memory. The hidden password is retrieved by deciphering the stegnography
key stored in the smart card. DPA attacks can measure power dissipation that leaks during deciphering the stegnography key, thus gain knowledge of the location where the password is hidden, but it cannot gain any information of the actual password without the actual possession of the smart card
Building a Community Memory in Communities of Practice of e-learning: A Knowledge Engineering Approach
No full textThe aim of this paper is to model the Community of Practice (CoP) to include a community memory in order to manage its knowledge. The members of the CoP interact, produce, share, exchange and adapt knowledge and resources to meet their needs and build best practices. In this paper, the CoP is considered as a learning organization whose memory is built on an ontology-based framework including several ontologies such as knowledge, domain and task ontologies. A CoP of e-learning is used as an example of learning organization and as an application for the proposed framewor
نماذج من تجارب رعاية الأيتام في العالم العربي: دراسة في المنطلقات وآليات التنفيذ من منظور سوسيولوجي
No full textتحدد الهدف الرئيس لهذه الدراسة في الوقوف علي الجهود الرسمية في مجال رعاية الأيتام اعتماداً على تحليل تجارب مجموعة من الدول العربية شملت كل من: (المملكة العربية السعودية - جمهورية مصر العربية - المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية - دولة قطر - جمهورية السودان)؛ بقصد رصد الملامح الرئيسة لكل منها، من ناحية المنطلقات وآليات التنفيذ في ضوء خصوصية النماذج موضع الدراسة كل على حده. واعتمدت الدراسة علي الأسلوب الوصفي التحليلي في معالجة محاورها المختلفة، وتحليل أبعادها المتضمنة وبغرض الانتهاء إلي رؤية محددة تحقق غايتها الأساسية، وبما يُمكن من المعالجة الموضوعية للقضية موضع البحث، ويساعد على استخلاص الملامح العامة لتجارب الدول العربية في مجال رعاية الأيتام، مع التركيز على إبراز الأبعاد الاجتماعية في تلك التجارب موضع الدراسة، ومع الإشارة إلى اقتصار الدراسة على استعراض الجهود الرسمية – بالدرجة الأولي – دون ما عداها من جهود أهلية قد تقدمها جهات أخرى في مجال رعاية الأيتام. واعتماداً على ما كشفت عنه الدراسة من استنتاجات فقد أوصت بضرورة تكامل الجهود الرسمية والأهلية في مجال رعاية الأيتام، انطلاقاً من أن الجهد الحكومي مهما تعاظم فإنه لن يستطيع أن يشمل جميع الفئات المستحقة للرعاية، أو على الأقل فإنه لن يكون بالقدر الكاف أو على المستوى المطلوب. ومن ثم تبرز الحاجة إلى الجهود التطوعية والدعم المتزايد من مؤسسات المجتمع المدني وغيرها من جهات تبقي مؤثرة بصدد تفعيل المسؤولية المجتمعية تجاه الأيتام ومن في حكمهم. فضلاً عن أهمية أن تلجأ الدول العربية إلى صياغة إستراتيجية عربية موحدة تهتم بالفئات الأولى بالرعاية على وجه العموم وبفئة الأيتام على وجه الخصوص، مع أهمية أن يسبق ذلك صياغة كل دولة منفردة لإستراتيجية خاصة بها تراعى خصوصية أوضاعها الحالية وتطلعاتها المستقبلية في هذا السياق. والتأكيد على إمكانية تبادل الخبرات بين الدول العربية وبعضها في مجال رعاية الأيتام، بما يختصر كثير من الوقت والجهد والنفقات، ويساعد على تحقيق نتائج أفضل في ميدان التطبيق العملي. والحاجة إلى تكثيف الدراسات الأكاديمية والميدانية في مجال رعاية الأيتام؛ والتي يناط بها دراسة احتياجاتهم، والبحث في أنسب السبل لتقديم رعاية متكاملة لهم تراعى حساسية أوضاعهم، وتهيئ الفرصة أمامهم للمساهمة في بناء مجتمعهم والمشاركة الإيجابية في دعم أمنه واستقرار
Effect of dietary calcium intake on vitamin D levels and obesity in Saudi children
No full textThe drastic changes in lifestyle and nutrition brought about by rapid
economic changes in Saudi Arabia have seriously threatened the health
with emergence of a number of chronic non-communicable diseases.
Obesity, which is a major contributing factor in the emergence of these
diseases – cancers, type 2 diabetes and hypertension - has increased
rapidly worldwide and especially in Saudi Arabia. While several risk
factors have been identified, one micronutrient deficiency stands not
only because of its equally alarming global prevalence, but also
because of its multiple physiologic roles that influence normal
metabolic functioning. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to
several chronic diseases in adults, and almost all cardiometabolic risk
factors are associated with vitamin D deficiency in both adults and
children. Studies focusing on children and adolescents however, are
limited. This randomized cross sectional study aimed to determine the
prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its association with childhood
obesity among a population of healthy Saudi boys and girls in Riyadh
city, Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, this study was aimed to determine
whether levels of dietary calcium can explain the high prevalence of
low-vitamin D levels in Saudis, and whether these dietary
micronutrients influence risk of obesity. To achieve this, 331 Saudi
boys and girls (53.8% females and 46.2 % males) aged 6-18 years
were randomly recruited from primary care health centers in different
areas of Riyadh city. Demographic, medical and dietary information
was collected from each subject using a questionnaire.
Anthropometrics were measured. Blood levels of fasting glucose, lipid
profile, 25(OH) D and corrected calcium were measured routinely,
25(OH) D was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA).
The present study demonstrated that around 100% of the subjects
were either mildly or moderately or severely vitamin D deficient, with
girls having significantly lower vitamin D levels than boys in both
preadolescents and adolescents. Moreover, adolescent were more
deficient than preadolescent. Serum vitamin D levels showed an
inverse significant association with BMI, fat mass percentage, body fat
mass, TG, waist circumference and hip circumference. Calcium intake
did not find significant associations with either obesity or vitamin D
deficiency. Although the average calcium intake of the sample is low
and mean vitamin D level for the sample is deficient. The serum
corrected calcium was positively correlated with vitamin D serum and
negatively correlated with BMI, fat mass and waist to hip ratio. The
corrected serum calcium was significantly lower in girls compared to
boys in the adolescent group, similar to vitamin D level. Also,
approximately 30 % of the subjects with <250 mg of calcium daily
were obese, while only 14 % of the subjects with >800 mg of calcium
intake were obese. Interestingly, serum vitamin D was highest in the
heavy consumer group for both tea and coffee. Also, BMI mean value
was significantly decreased in increased drinkers (9-12 times/week)
when compared to low and moderate drinkers. The lowest levels of
vitamin D and the highest value of BMI fell in the group with no
physical activity. This study highlights the need for vitamin D
correction even in this age group where chronic diseases are not
expected. This can be achieved by encouraging not only an active and
outdoor lifestyle, but by proper nutrition in which micronutrients such
as vitamin D and calcium are taken into account