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Leveraging Generative Artificial Intelligence for Enhanced Data Augmentation in Emotion Intensity Classification:A Comprehensive Framework for Cross-Dataset Transfer Learning
No full textData scarcity and stylistic heterogeneity pose major challenges for emotion intensity classification. This paper presents a cross-dataset augmentation framework that leverages prompt-conditioned generative models alongside deterministic and heuristic transformations to synthesize target-style examples for improved transfer learning. We introduce a unified taxonomy of augmentation strategies—Heuristic Lexical Perturbation (HLA), Prompt-Conditioned Generative Augmentation (CGA), Sequential Hybrid Pipeline (SHA), Rule-Guided Style Adaptation (DSGA), and Enhanced Hybrid Augmentation (EHA)—and detail an interpretability-oriented prompt engineering approach that conditions LLMs on authentic target exemplars and stylistic features extracted from the target dataset.Augmented datasets were evaluated using multi-dimensional quality metrics (transformation quality, stylistic consistency, BLEU/CHRF, Self-BLEU, uniqueness) and downstream classification via a two-phase BERT-LSTM training with rigorous statistical testing. During source dataset pretraining and subsequent target dataset fine-tuning, CGA achieved the highest single-method gains in F1 and accuracy (F1 = 0.8816; accuracy = 0.8819, 95\% CI recalculated). HLA and SHA exhibited improved cross-domain stability, suggesting stronger domain-generalizable features. We observe systematic trade-offs between fluency, lexical diversity, and emotion fidelity: high surface similarity often correlates with classifier performance but does not fully capture affective authenticity.We discuss methodological pitfalls, propose best practices for emotion-aware augmentation, and provide reproducible artifacts (prompts, example transformations, evaluation scripts) to facilitate further research in affective NLP
The Impact of Columnar and Equiaxed β -Grain Structures on Mechanical Anisotropy in High-Deposition-Rate Additively Manufactured α + β Titanium Alloys
Full text linkThere is growing interest to produce α + β titanium alloys with high-deposition-rate additive manufacturing (DED-AM) processes for aerospace applications. However, there are still important aspects of their microstructure-mechanical property relationships that are not well understood, which are linked to the macro and microstructure heterogeneities generated by the AM processes and intrinsic titanium metallurgy that produce columnar β-grain structures. Trends in the literature, which are based primarily on Ti-6Al-4V data, have shown mechanical anisotropy is often present when samples exhibit coarse and columnar β-grain structures. This includes yield-stress and elongation anisotropy arising during uniaxial tensile testing, and crack growth rate anisotropy with high scatter recorded during fatigue testing, both of which are generally only tested in orientations parallel and perpendicular to the AM build direction. In this work, this mechanical anisotropy in α + β titanium alloys is investigated in more detail with Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si wire-arc additively manufactured test samples, comparing columnar parent β-grain structures to equiaxed grain structures. In particular, highlighting that the true yield-stress anisotropy in columnar grain samples is only revealed when testing the material at a 45 deg orientation away from the AM build direction. It is also shown that the large grain boundary α colonies that form on parent columnar β-grain boundaries have a significant impact on the fatigue crack growth rate data scatter. Refining the parent β-grain structures is demonstrated to resolve these issues and the related microstructure mechanisms were investigated in detail, using both experimental and crystal plasticity simulation methods. Finally, the formation and three dimensionality of the detrimental grain boundary α colonies that nucleate on columnar β-grain boundaries were investigated for the first time using in-situ SEM heating and 3D-EBSD techniques
Co-creating a digital intervention to address the needs of people providing informal support to survivors of sexual violence and abuse
No full textReliability of Surface Electromyography During High-Risk Single-Leg Jump Landing and 90° Sidestep Cutting in Female Footballers
No full textProcessed muscle activation dat
Family-centred educational interventions for the management of type 1 diabetes in children under eight years:a systematic review and narrative synthesis of evidence
No full textThe purpose of this systematic literature review was to explore studies that reported educational programmes targeted to the specific needs and concerns of families with children below eight years diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The CINAHL, MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, and Google Scholar electronic databases were searched to identify studies that reported educational interventions for children and their parents in managing type 1 diabetes. Studies published between January 2010 and December 2024 were screened and appraised using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline, and the synthesis was interpreted through the framework of family systems theory. A total of 11 studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the review, only one of which focused solely on children under the age of eight. The narrative synthesis yielded three major themes: family-centred education relevant to children's needs, the effectiveness of family-centred education in improving clinical outcomes, and barriers to implementing family-centred educational interventions. Family-centred education is an effective way of managing type 1 diabetes among children under 8 years, minimising complications, and reducing hospitalisation. Grounding these findings in family system theory highlights the importance of strengthening family dynamics and shared responsibility in diabetes care. The barriers to implementing the educational structure outlined in the current literature present opportunities for future study into cost-effective, age-specific, family-centred education for type 1 diabetes care. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-025-01794-3. [Abstract copyright: © Crown 2025.
Intermediaries in Agricultural Supply Chains:Trends and Insights
Full text linkThe role of intermediaries in the agricultural supply chain has become a significant topic of interest due to their influence on efficiency, market access, and value addition. This study presents a bibliometric analysis aimed at getting a deeper understanding of the evolution of research on agricultural supply chain intermediaries. The analysis intends to identify key trends, influential studies, and emerging areas of interest that will contribute to the field of research. We retrieved metadata from the Scopus database, which included 1.074 articles published between 2014 and 2025. Statistical analysis was conducted to discover the leading publishers and authors in this field. A co-occurrence network and overlay visualization of author keywords were generated using VOS viewer to map the structure and progression of the research landscape. The analysis also presented emerging keywords and research issues corresponding to network visualization, highlighting this field's dynamic and evolving nature. These insights are valuable for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to understand and enhance the relationship between intermediaries and the agricultural supply chain
Climate Change and Violent Extremism in Northeastern Kenya:Towards an Integrated Response
Full text linkThis report analyses the relationship between climate change and violent extremism (VE) in Garissa and Wajir counties in northeastern Kenya. Drawing on qualitative fieldwork—including 16 focus group discussions, 18 key informant interviews, and stakeholder workshops—the study identifies 11 pathways through which climate change may influence vulnerabilities to VE. These pathways cluster around four interrelated dynamics: the destruction of livelihoods, increased migration and shifts in pastoral mobility, the erosion of social structures, and the exacerbation of governance challenges. The findings suggest that climate change operates as a threat multiplier, intensifying economic insecurity, social fragmentation, and perceptions of marginalisation while simultaneously undermining communities’ capacity to adapt to environmental stress. The report argues that addressing these intertwined risks requires more integrated policy responses that bridge climate adaptation, peacebuilding, and preventing/countering violent extremism (P/CVE) efforts at both national and county levels
Effects of a foldable booster safety seat with integrated seatbelt buckle on protecting 6-year-old and 10-year-old children
Full text linkMotor vehicle crashes and accidents have injured millions of children, making them a grave concern for automotive engineers. Child restraint systems (CRS) have been found to offer significant benefits in mitigating the risk of damage in children. Hence, the foldable booster seat (FBS) with an integrated seatbelt buckle, a new CRS, can be an excellent safety seat for protecting children’s passengers. For the first time, this study compares the kinematic and injury metrics of 6-year-old (6YO) and 10-year-old (10YO) children passengers seated in different CRS to assess the reducing injury effect of the FBS, considering various initial velocities. The based finite element child sled models were constructed using booster seat CAD geometry and analyzed using the crash pulse of a correlated finite element sedan model. Eighteen scenarios were investigated, considering 6YO and 10YO dummies with and without using a traditional booster seat (TBS) and a FBS subjected to various accident velocities (30, 50, and 64 km/h). To determine the efficacy of the FBS, the child kinematics, head acceleration, HIC15, chest acceleration, and Nij were extracted as metrics. In this specific study, the results determined that the FBS effectively decreased the risk of neck entrapment and provided improved restraint for the dummy within the seat. Although there may be a slight increase in head acceleration, HIC15, and chest acceleration, the FBS still ensures that injury responses remain within acceptable safety limits in most cases. Results propose that FBS are innovative and practical, with the capacity to enhance the protection of children in frontal accidents
From “Gaming the Metrics” to the “Well-Played University”:Audit Culture, Game Design Patterns and Re-designing Our Institutions
No full textStandards, targets, key performance indicators and league tables are different expressions of audit culture in universities which have become key structural factors in determining the direction of educational organisations, something that warps both their societal purpose and everyday experience, as well articulated by Shore & Wright (2015). While metrification in Higher Education has been explored and critiqued at length, I propose here to use a different lens through which to view it and build an alternative. Game design, I will argue can provide both powerful analytical toolsand provocative rhetorical salience.The chapter will examine different aspects of audit culture as a set of formal “games” that Universities, departments and individuals on both the staff and student sides are forced to play and “win”, deploying the conceptual tools of game theory, game design studies, and systems thinking (particularly Meadows’s “systemic leverage points”) to deconstruct their rules, objectives, player positionings and design paradigms.Following a distinction articulated by Bernie De Koven, the chapter will then argue for a shift away from this university as a “game community” (where the “game” comes first, and selects who can keep playing) to university as a “play community” (where the “players” come first, and are able to collectively question and reshape the rules of the game), examining the same “leverage points” as steps towards re-designing universities to prevent the damaging effects of “gaming”, and re-centrecare, community and the link between excellence and health