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Dietary potassium restriction in chronic kidney disease:an integrative narrative review of evidence, uncertainty, and practice persistence
No full textHidden hardship:everyday experiences, coping strategies, and barriers to wellbeing in rural Britain
Get PDFPoverty in the UK is more often associated in public discourse, the media, and in policy with urban than rural areas. With the exception of notable pieces in rural geographies, research across the social sciences has also focussed more on urban than rural poverty. This is mistaken: rural poverty is a significant problem too. This paper focusses on rural hardship in the Cotswolds in the UK which is an area associated with affluence, super-rich celebrities, and royalty. Through participatory research, this paper seeks to understand how people in the North Cotswolds experience hardship, their coping strategies, and the barriers to improved wellbeing. It argues that the North Cotswolds is an area of hidden hardship which means that the rural idyll needs challenging further in public and policy discourse, which research such as this can play a role in. In doing so, this paper’s primary contribution is to have developed the conceptual language of hardship. This is significant for three main reasons. First, the paper argues that the language of hardship is more accessible methodologically, and secondly, that hardship can be a more encapsulating, holistic and multidimensional term than poverty. Thirdly, by using the theoretical lens of the philosopher Spinoza and his concepts of affect, affective capacity and conatus, the paper develops an original way of understanding hardship that results in the paper putting forward a definition of hardship as being about both struggle and resilience on an ongoing daily basis rather than about an emergency one-off situation
Experiences of adults living with bronchiectasis: A qualitative systematic review of barriers and facilitators to self-management
No full textModeling speed limit compliance in shared spaces
Get PDFIntroduction: While shared spaces (also known as shared zones) encourage interaction among road users, non-compliance with posted speed limits is a key safety concern. Most research concerning drivers’ speeding behavior in shared spaces has predominantly centered on descriptive analyses and statistical testing, neglecting to account for the effects of shared space features, vehicle types, and traffic characteristics on speeds. As a result, there exists a significant knowledge gap regarding how the attributes of shared zones, surrounding traffic, and vehicle platoons impact driver speeds. Method: Speed data from two shared spaces in Australia were analyzed using left-censored Tobit regression models (non-compliant: continuous, compliant: zero) to assess drivers’ compliance with posted speed limits. Results: Results showed that the magnitude and probability of speeding were significantly reduced by the number of conflicts involving the vehicle and the provision of parking spaces in shared spaces. Conversely, vehicles such as cars, two-wheelers, and those with surrounding vehicles speeding exhibited lower compliance probabilities, while heavy vehicles and those following them showed higher likelihoods of compliance. However, the time of day or day of week had no significant influence on drivers’ speeding behavior, indicating consistent traffic interactions and compliance behaviors throughout the week. Conclusions: This study identifies key factors influencing speeding behavior in shared spaces and provides insights for identifying countermeasures and promoting safer interactions. Practical applications: The findings can help urban planners and policymakers set appropriate speed limits, develop better shared space designs, and enhance safety for all users, particularly those who are the most vulnerable.</p
Multi-step-ahead forecasting of bike-sharing demand using multilayer perceptron model with additional timestamp features
Get PDFBike sharing is increasingly gaining popularity as an affordable and environmentally friendly mode of transportation in urban areas. However, the nature of bike sharing, where users can pick up and return bikes at different stations, often results in an uneven distribution of bikes across stations. Consequently, accurately predicting the future number of rented bikes at each station becomes crucial for bike-sharing operators to optimize the bike inventory at each location. This study introduces a multi-step-ahead forecasting model that employs machine learning methods to predict the hourly demand for rented bikes. We utilize information on rented bikes from the preceding day to forecast the forthcoming counts of rented bikes for the next 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. Additional features extracted from timestamps are incorporated to enhance the accuracy of the model. We compare the proposed model, based on multilayer perceptron (MLP), with various machine learning prediction algorithms, including Support Vector Regression (SVR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), Random Forest (RF), and Linear Regression (LR). Applying the proposed MLP model to the Seoul bike-sharing dataset demonstrates a positive outcome, indicating a reduction in prediction error compared to other forecasting models. The proposed model achieves the highest R2 (coefficient of determination) values when compared to other models, with values of 0.973, 0.882, 0.82, 0.807, and 0.79 for prediction horizons of 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h, respectively. By obtaining future values for predicted rented bikes, the trained model is anticipated to assist in optimizing the number of available bikes for bike-sharing companies
Gender in schools: noticing, discussing, and tackling gender-based discrimination in the school system in the UK and beyond
No full textThis literature review explores how gender operates as an analytical category within primary and secondary education and examines manifestations of gender-based discrimination in the UK school system, with comparative insights from other Global North contexts. Drawing on academic publications and reports from 2019–2023, the review identifies persistent stereotypes about teaching as a ‘feminised’ profession, gendered expectations in classroom practices, and systemic barriers to equality in leadership roles. It also highlights the prevalence of sexism, gender-based violence, and discriminatory language in curricula and school culture, alongside the marginalisation of nonbinary and transgender students. Intersectional dimensions—such as socioeconomic status and neurodiversity—are addressed, though research gaps remain. The review concludes by synthesising strategies for reducing gender inequality, including reflective teacher practices and whole-school approaches, and calls for systemic interventions supported by policy and governance
“ … they can change their mind about anything”: temporality, citizenship, belonging and the Windrush Scandal
Get PDFGlobal attention was drawn to the social injustice of the Windrush Scandal. People who despite living in the UK for decades as British citizens, were categorised as “illegal immigrants”. Little scholarship attention is paid to temporality regarding the loss of citizenship after living as a British citizen. This article focuses on the temporal nature of citizenship and belonging. With a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 6 participants who directly experienced the Windrush Scandal. Four findings emerge. Firstly, the victims did not perceive the scandal as a single one-off experience but rather a cocktail mix of everyday bordering, experienced since arriving in the UK as children. Secondly, everyday life became precarious, changing behaviours of victims. Thirdly, victims were blamed by their families and friends as well as the state. Finally, victims believe that despite being granted their British citizenship, they fear for their future security
Bringing survivor involvement into the mainstream
No full textThis chapter offers a much-needed summary of the relationship between involvement of ‘lived expertise’ and the production of safe, impactful research about sexual violence and abuse. It examines the theoretical roots of involving patients, the public and more specifically, survivors of sexual violence and abuse in co-producing research. Drawing on the Multi-disciplinary Evaluation of Sexual Assault Referral Centres for better Health (MESARCH) study as a case study, ‘Bringing survivor involvement into the mainstream’ demonstrates survivor involvement's methodological and practical implications. It critically examines the risks and benefits of engaging with survivors across the research process in relation to the quality of research in this field and what involvement means for survivors as participants and as architects of research
New Sources and New Perspectives for Dance Research:Extending Archival Horizons
Get PDFThis article explores the significance of theatre dance material found in non-dance archives for dance studies research. It details discoveries made in various collections of personal papers that shed light on British theatre dance of the first half of the twentieth century. These comprised the UK Parliamentary Archives at Westminster; the Churchill Archives Centre at Churchill College Cambridge; the British Library and the Wellcome Collection in London; Kings College Cambridge Archive Centre; and the Harry Ransom Center in Austin Texas. Through a case study on dancer Maud Allan, the article demonstrates how archival data from non-dance archives can reshape our understanding of dance history and provide valuable insights for advancing dance studies research
Surviving academia:Narratives on identity work and intersectionality
No full textThis paper examines the lived experiences of four early career researchers (ECRs), from various intersecting backgrounds, who pursued their degrees at a prestigious UK university. Bonded through solidarity and care, the authors came together in an online writing group (OWG), which serves as a means of liberation from structural, colonial, and patriarchal oppression. Built upon autoethnographic vignettes, this paper reveals fragile narratives to capture subjective experiences of neglect through the lens of intersectionality and Goffmanian “passing” and “revealing”. Motivated to explore the coping mechanisms of marginalized ECRs, this paper's co-constructed data collection and co-generative analysis unpack how a meso-organization (here, the OWG) allows foreign identities to transcend the constraints of the expected academic professional identity; thus freeing authors from stigma. This paper calls for help and advocates for the urgency of support groups for ECRs as they face issues around finances, political conflicts, and family from pre- to post-COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the research challenges internalized norms of academic productivity and responsibilization and calls for a re-examination of systemic inequalities. By advocating for collaborative autoethnography and embodied personal storytelling, this study contributes to a richer, more inclusive exploration of intersectionality in academia and emphasizes the need for structural reforms to create more equitable academic environments