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Achieving inter- and transdisciplinarity in Ecohealth: insights from a rodent-borne disease project in a polycrisis era
Get PDFIntroduction: Inter- and transdisciplinary research (ITDR) is increasingly promoted to address “wicked problems”, particularly in health sectors adopting approaches like Ecohealth. Our Ecohealth-inspired project on rodent-borne diseases, initiated just before the COVID-19 pandemic, provided an opportunity to evaluate ITDR implementation.
Methods: We employed a recently developed semi-quantitative evaluation method to measure our project’s success in achieving ITDR and analyzed factors influencing this achievement.
Results: The project showed strengths in system description, team task allocation, and data sharing, but had lower scores in engaging societal actors throughout the project cycle.
Discussion: We identified the underexplored influence of problem wickedness as a critical determinant of ITDR success. Addressing rodent-borne diseases, a less wicked problem, limited engagement potential but enabled constructive dialog with local actors. These insights are vital for addressing variably wicked problems in a polycrisis era. We propose recommendations to strengthen researchers’ capacities, particularly in Ecohealth.202
Rahkasammalesta ilmastoviisas kasvualusta - mahdollisuudet kokonaiskestävään korjuuseen (RahKoo) -hankkeen loppuraportti
No full textClimate change mitigation potential of restoration of boreal peatlands drained for forestry can be adjusted by site selection and restoration measures
Get PDFPeatland restoration is seen as a key nature-based solution to tackle climate change and biodiversity loss. In Europe, nearly 50% of peatlands have been drained during the last decades, which have shifted their soils to carbon dioxide (CO2) sources. Soils of forestry-drained peatlands are known to vary from CO2 sources to small sinks depending on their fertility and wetness. When peatlands are restored, it can be expected that rates of CO2 and methane exchange will vary depending on site fertility and wetness. We generated seven restoration pathways with different starting and end points and assessed the climate impacts of them. The GHG emission coefficients were compiled from literature, and radiative forcing was calculated for a 500-year time period since restoration. All seven restoration pathways improved carbon sink capacity; however, the climate impact differed from cooling to warming. The highest cooling impact occurred in a pathway leading from nutrient-rich drained peatlands toward tree-covered spruce or pine mires. Warming impacts occurred in a pathway leading from nutrient-poor drained peatlands toward open peatlands. The results of this study can be used to help identify peatland sites and restoration targets to maximize climate change mitigation from restoration. In practice, however, restoration has to fulfill other targets, such as biodiversity safeguarding, improvement of hydrological conditions, and socio-economic aspects. Fulfilling all targets simultaneously requires compromises on all targets.202
Maito-liharotuisten hiehojen teuraspainoissa nostovaraa
Get PDFLehtiartikkeli (Rinnakkaistallennusluvan asianumero: 3909/12 05 01 02/2024)202
Carbon Stocks and Transfers in Coniferous Boreal Forests Along a Latitudinal Gradient
Get PDFCorrection to: Ecosystems (2024) 27: 151–167 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-023-00879-5 In the version of this article initially published, the unit for Fluxes of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC g ha−1 year−1) in Bulk Deposition and Throughfall and in Percolation Water at Soil Depths of 5, 20 and 40 cm presented in Table 4 is incorrect. The correct unit is DOC 100 g ha−1 year−1. The same error is in Supplementary file2 (XLSX 19 KB) This article has been updated
Carbon (C) sequestrated in the boreal forest ecosystems plays an important role in climate regulation. This study’s objectives were to quantify the differences in the components of the forest C cycle along a 1000 km latitudinal gradient within the boreal region and between dominant coniferous species in Fennoscandia. The study included seven xeric–sub-xeric and eight mesic–herb-rich heath forests dominated by Scots pine and Norway spruce, respectively. The total site carbon stock (CS) ranged from 81 to 260 Mg ha−1. The largest ecosystem component CSs were tree stems, mineral soil, and humus layer, representing 30 ± 2%, 28 ± 2%, and 13 ± 1% of total CS, respectively. On average, the spruce sites had 40% more C than the pine sites, and CS stored in most compartments was higher on spruce than on pine sites. As exceptions, understorey vegetation and litter layer had a larger CS on pine than on spruce sites. The northern sites had an average of 58% less C than the southern sites. Humus layer CS was the only compartment showing no latitudinal trends. Northern sites had a significantly larger fine and small root CS and understorey CS than southern sites. Most CS compartments were significantly correlated with litterfall C transfer components. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) flux in throughfall was positively correlated with the aboveground tree compartment CS. Our study revealed patterns of C distribution in major boreal forest ecosystems along latitudinal and fertility gradients, which may serve as a reference for Earth system models and in the evaluation of their projections.202
Environment-induced growth changes in forests of Finland revisited - a follow-up using an extended data set from the 1960s to the 2020s
Get PDFAfter a rising trend for 1971 – 2013, during which the annual volume growth of the forests of Finland increased by more than 70 %, a recent reduction has been observed. We analyzed the development of annual growth in the forest of Finland, focusing on the component not explainable by changes in growing stock. The data originate from nine consecutive Finnish National Forest Inventories. In the data, diameter increments were measured from increment cores and tree height increments from standing sample trees in the field. We developed models predicting periodic (5 years) annual volume increment per hectare with properties of the trees and stands as predictor variables. Deviations from model-predicted values were interpreted to be induced by environmental variation. The development was analyzed for all tree species combined and separately for three species groups: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and broadleaves. We observed a rising growth trend not solely explainable by increased growing stock. The species groups produced rather a similar pattern in different parts of Finland: from the 1960s to the mid-1990s, the observed volume increment was mainly below the model-predicted level, thereafter above it. During the current century, the difference between observed and predicted annual volume increment has shown a downward trend for Scots pine. For Norway spruce, the difference has continued to increase in southern Finland, but shows little change in the north. For broadleaved species, the difference between measured and predicted increment shows a recent increase as well, though not as large as for Norway spruce. The geographical pattern of the environment-induced increment component was described in more detail via maps using a 75 km × 75 km grid. The changing environment has enhanced forest productivity in Finland over a period of nearly six decades, but recent years have not been favorable for Scots pine, which represents 50 % of the growing stock volume of the forests of Finland.202