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Playmobil, pressure and prioritisation: a simulation for stepping up to ST4
No full textTransitioning to ST4 represents a pivotal step in anaesthetic training. Anaesthetists in training must advance their own clinical skills while learning to manage emergency workloads, prioritise limited resources, and coordinate theatre teams under pressure as a more senior resident anaesthetist.While technical skills are well covered in training, structured education on non-technical decision-making and prioritisation remains limited. To address this, we developed a low-cost, tabletop simulation workshop using Playmobil figures and printed theatre schematics to recreate the pressures of an emergency on-call shift. The exercise is aligned with multiple Stage 2 learning outcomes, including Team Working and Professional Behaviours and Communication, with a key focus on decision-making, delegation, leadership, and the real-world complexities of senior responsibility
What Do We Need to Find Out?
No full textPediatric Critical Care (PCC) is a constantly evolving and complex specialty with a heterogenous patient population. In this field, there are many important topics, therapies, interventions, treatments, and diseases that we need to understand or understand better. Research is vital to achieving this aim. Despite the increasing number of clinical studies and trials in critically ill children, there is still much we need to find out. This chapter uses one common clinical scenario to examine some of the issues we need to understand better through research. Finally, it is also important to understand and consider what our users, the children, and the parents, think that we need to know to help them. These problems must be examined through a multidisciplinary lens, with studies led by a multidisciplinary (multiprofessional) healthcare team.</p
Coordinating and subordinating conjunctions in five genres across the history of English
Get PDFThis article analyses the frequency of three clause-level coordinating conjunctions, and, but and or, in addition to a wide range of subordinating conjunctions across the Transhistorical Corpus of Written English (TCWE). This resource includes five genres covering seven centuries: sermons and statutes dating from the fifteenth to twenty first centuries, personal letters dating from the fifteenth to twentieth centuries, and emails and Whatsapp messages dating from the twenty-first century. The study engages with three key developments in the history of English: the increase in the inventory of subordinators between 1500 and 1700, the development of expository and non-expository registers in English between 1650 and 1990 observed by Biber (1995, 2001), and the increase in colloquialization moving into the Present Day English period. It finds that there is more substantial genre-conditioned variation in relation to all three developments than has previously been acknowledged. Its results also contribute to knowledge about shifts in the generic conventions of English sermons and statutes over time, and language use within email and instant messaging, most notably a preference for causal as over because in the instant messaging sample
Recommendations from the United Kingdom UNBIASED Study to Address Diabetes Technology Access Disparities for Children and Young People
Get PDFAIMS: The UNBIASED UK study is the first national study that explores disparities in access to diabetes technology among children and young people (CYP) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) from ethnic minority and low socioeconomic backgrounds in the United Kingdom. Despite the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance ensuring free universal access to diabetes technologies since 2023, significant inequities persist. This article outlines key barriers and provides recommendations to improve equitable access and engagement with diabetes technologies for CYP.METHODS: A multimethod participatory approach was used, including semi-structured triad interviews with parents and CYP of underrepresented groups living in low socioeconomic areas and minority ethnic groups. Health care professionals from the National Health Service were also interviewed to explore perceived and systemic barriers to technology adoption. Thematic analysis identified key challenges and potential solutions, and new recommendations were sought from codesigned workshops and public consultations were further developed.RESULTS: The UNBIASED study identified key themes from parents, children, and young people, including barriers to access, experiences with diabetes technology, inconsistent services and education, intersectional challenges, communication issues, and emotional support needs. Health care professionals highlighted financial limits, language barriers, regional service differences, unconscious bias, and low awareness as major factors contributing to disparities. Key strategies and new recommendations are made to improve fair access to diabetes technologies, including systemic reforms, better communication and support, and stronger community engagement.CONCLUSIONS: This UK UNBIASED study highlights the urgent need for standardized policies, increased awareness campaigns, culturally tailored education, peer support initiatives, and improved health care provider training to ensure equitable access to diabetes technology for all CYP with T1D in the United Kingdom.</p
T&T Clark Handbook of Sexualities in the Bible and its Reception
No full textThis volume explores the range and richness of sexualities evoked in the biblical texts and their reception history. Contributors utilise theoretical and hermeneutical approaches to engage with different aspects of sexualities in/and the Bible, including the beliefs, behaviours, and bodies that haunt both the texts and their interpretive traditions.The contributors cover themes that have previously been subject to much debate in biblical scholarship, such as LGBTQI+ identities, heterosexuality, marriage, sexual violence, and circumcision, but it also engages with issues that tend to receive less scholarly attention, including asexuality, homoeroticism, voyeurism, sex work, masturbation, menstruation, pornography, disability, mental health, and reproductive justice. Written from a diversity of disciplinary perspectives, including biblical studies, sexuality studies, theology, religious studies, gender studies, cultural studies, disability studies, psychology and philosophy, each chapter offers fresh, and at times surprising, insights about sexualities in/and the Bible and its reception history
"Harmony Beyond the Notes: Community Members' Perspectives on the Impact of Classical Music Ensembles on Children and Young People's Life Skills"
No full textThis paper explores community members’ perspectives on the developmental value of classical music ensemble participation for children and young people based in the North-West of England. Drawing on 16 in-depth individual interviews and one focus group (N = 5), the study discusses how parents, school teachers, music tutors, and charity board members (N = 21; age range from 25 - 60 years; 13 females, 8 males) interpret the benefits and challenges associatedwith learning and performing in an ensemble. Using reflexive thematic analysis supported by NVivo, five interconnected themes were generated, illustrating how community members make sense of ensemble participation as a catalyst for holistic development. Participants described young people’s engagement in ensembles as fostering cognitive and academic skills while simultaneously nurturing emotional skills and passion for music. Community membersalso emphasised the relational and social value of ensemble practice, highlighting the formation of inclusive, “family-like communities” characterised by belonging and reciprocity. Overall, the findings suggest that ensemble programmes provide a powerful context for life-skills development, calling for educational institutions and community organisations to ensure equitable access to high-quality, community-embedded music initiatives and to foreground the holistic potential of ensemble participation. Policymakers are encouraged to recognise the wider developmental and social significance of music education and to strengthen long-term, inclusive funding for ensemble-based provision
Towards a framework of coping following severe traumatic brain injury: a grounded theory study
Get PDFTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an array of physical, psychological and social changes. Adopting positive coping mechanisms following a TBI is important in maximising recovery outcomes including psychological wellbeing and quality of life. Using grounded theory methodology, this study explored the lived experiences of individuals recovering from severe TBI and the development of coping strategies. The research responds to a recognised gap in survivor-centred literature by prioritising the voices of individuals living with the long-term consequences of TBI. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight participants who sustained severe TBIs, capturing rich qualitative data on the psychological, social and cognitive challenges encountered during recovery. Five interrelated factors emerged as critical to the development of coping strategies: , and which were found to interact dynamically, with determining to adoption of . The resulting offers a survivor-informed framework that provides new insights into recovery processes following severe TBI. This research highlights the importance of tailored psychological support and the need for interventions that consider the multifaceted nature of coping. The model has practical implications for neurorehabilitation services and contributes to the advancement of personalised care for TBI survivors
Quantifying Internal and External Training Loads in Professional Ballet Dancers: The Role of Session Type and Sex
Get PDFPurpose : To (1) quantify the internal and external training-load (TL) demands of professional ballet dancers and (2) explore the influence of session type and sex on TL. Methods : Twenty-nine professional ballet dancers (men = 14, women = 15) were monitored over 2 weeks. Internal TL data were measured using heart rate (HR) –derived training impulse (TRIMP) and external TL using PlayerLoad (PL). TL data from 303 sessions were categorized and analyzed according to session type (rehearsal, class, and conditioning) and sex. Results : Dancers averaged ∼4.62 h/d (∼26.1 h/wk) comprising daily (PL: 539 arbitrary units [AU], HR TRIMP: 314 AU) and weekly (PL: 2608 AU, HR TRIMP: 1503 AU) TL. Rehearsals had the longest duration (197 [66] min) but lowest load per minute. Conditioning produced the highest PL (140.1 AU; 95% CI, 120.2–160.0), while class elicited the greatest HR TRIMP (89.4 AU; 95% CI, 72.1–106.7). Session type significantly influenced TL ( P = .004, η 2 = .68), with small to moderate differences between rehearsal and conditioning (PL effect size = 0.38, TRIMP effect size = 0.49). No significant differences were observed by sex (PL, P = .57; TRIMP, P = .18). Conclusions : Conditioning sessions produced the greatest TL response and should play a key role in professional ballet dancers’ schedules. Although TL did not significantly differ by sex, the study suggests that a uniform training model may not meet individual dancer needs. These findings support the implementation of personalized monitoring and periodized scheduling strategies to optimize both artistic and physical performance in professional ballet
Teacher Retention Reimagined
No full textThis chapter addresses the pressing issue of teacher retention through a creative, solutions-oriented lens, moving beyond traditional methods proven inadequate. It presents a comprehensive framework of innovative, evidence-informed strategies to make teaching both sustainable and fulfilling. Key themes include empowering teachers as innovators through teacher-led labs, broadening horizons via sabbaticals and micro-credentials, and amplifying teacher voice through leadership pathways. The chapter also explores wellbeing initiatives such as arts integration, flexible policies, and community building practices that foster belonging. To reduce burnout, it highlights workload reducing technologies and peer support systems like mentoring and residencies. Finally, it outlines ways to sustain a culture of growth and joy through gamified professional development and risk-friendly environments. Drawing on real world examples and recent research, it offers practical solutions to inspire leaders and policymakers to reimagine teacher retention as a dynamic, future ready endeavour
Associations Between Serum Levels of Vitamin D and Neuromuscular Parameters in Schoolchildren
Get PDFThis cross-sectional study investigated the associations between vitamin D levels, handgrip strength, and gross motor coordination in 86 healthy children (51.2% male). Blood samples were analyzed to measure serum vitamin D levels, handgrip strength was measured using handgrip dynamometry, and motor quotient was assessed using the Körper Koordinationstest für Kinder. Sociodemographic data were collected through a questionnaire. The analyses revealed no influence of vitamin D on handgrip strength. In the regression model, vitamin D was a significant predictor of the motor quotient (B = 1.35, 95% CI [0.12, 2.57]), independent of covariates. The household income variable also stood out as it was significant both as a predictor of the influence of vitamin D on motor quotient (B = −59.50, 95% CI [−96.80, −22.20]) and as a moderator of this influence (B = 59.46, 95% CI [10.04, 108.87]). Including sociodemographic factors, such as income, was crucial for understanding the relationship between vitamin D and motor quotient in children. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss and evaluate how different socioeconomic statuses, growth phases, access to balanced nutrition, and physical and metabolic health conditions influence physical performance behavior in the pediatric population