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No full textHypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains a leading cause of neonatal brain injury, often resulting in long-term neurodevelopmental impairment. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is currently the only evidence-based treatment for HIE. This review summarizes volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in children with HIE treated with TH. Across multiple studies, the hippocampus, thalamus, cerebellum, and basal ganglia consistently exhibit reduced volumes compared to healthy controls, though the statistical significance of these differences varies. Hippocampal volume reductions are observed in the neonatal period and later childhood, and are associated with poorer memory and cognitive outcomes. Thalamic and basal ganglia volumes are lower from the neonatal period through later childhood. Reduced thalamic volume is associated with impairments in cognitive and motor function. Cerebellar volume findings are inconsistent. Interpretation of volumetric differences remains challenging due to methodological heterogeneity across studies. Future studies are needed to validate volumetric biomarkers and establish normative data, facilitating the integration of volumetric MRI into early diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for children with HIE
Nanoporosity imaging by positronium lifetime tomography
No full textPositron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS) is a well-established non-destructive technique used for nanostructural characterization of porous materials. It is based on the annihilation of a positron and an electron. Mean positron lifetime in the material depends on the free voids size and molecular environment, allowing the study of porosity and structural transitions in the nanometer scale. We have developed a novel method enabling spatially resolved PALS, thus providing tomography of nanostructural characterization of an extended object. Correlating space (position) and structural (lifetime) information brings new insight in materials studies, especially in the characterization of the purity and pore distribution. For the first time, a porosity image using stationary positron sources for the simultaneous measurement of the porous polymers XAD4, silica aerogel powder IC3100, and polyvinyl toluene scintillator PVT by the J-PET (Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomography) system is demonstrated
The siren song of the Chatbot : persuasive hallucinations and automation bias in OMI detection
No full textEfficacy and safety of the kidney function-based finerenone dosing strategy used in FINEARTS-HF
No full textMonitoring the switching from base-on to base-off forms of vitamin by natural and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopies
No full textThis work demonstrates that an approach which makes use of magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) together with electronic circular dichroism (ECD) brings one to a rapid, sensitive, nondestructive, and inexpensive determination of the electronic structure of diamagnetic, chiral, and flexible molecular systems. The subject of this study is cobalamins (Cbls), including vitamin B12, the unique and intricate structure of which determines their selective and strong protein binding. Their existence in two forms (base-on and base-off) not only causes significant structural changes but also influences the reactivity of derivatives in biologically important organometallic reactions. Therefore, recognizing the Cbl forms and understanding how they switch between them is essential. Notably, this study is the first to show that combining MCD and ECD, supported by quantum mechanics calculations, allows differentiation between base-on and base-off Cbls in aqueous environment at pH 7.4 and in acidic conditions, respectively. Furthermore, these techniques are sensitive to Cbl modifications at the meso position of the corrin macrocycle or in the axial upper ligands
Integrated care for older people (ICOPE) implementation framework, 2nd edition : getting closer to the medicine of the twenty-first century
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Enumerating minimal dominating sets in the (in)comparability graphs of bounded dimension posets
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