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Przeniesienie prawa pierwszeństwa do uzyskania patentu : w kierunku wspólnych standardów międzynarodowych
Identification of glycosylation-related changes in migratory and mechanical properties of bladder cancer cells
This book delves into the complexities of Eastern Europe, exploring its diverse subregions and their unique political, historical, and cultural trajectories. From the geopolitically volatile Balkans to the EU-integrated Baltic States, the work examines the lasting effects of the East-West divide and its impact on contemporary relations. Through interdisciplinary perspectives, the authors investigate how the past shapes current political tensions, such as anti-Western sentiments and the rise of populism. Key themes like nationalism, migration, memory politics, and democracy are explored, shedding light on the region's evolving identity. This collection critically reflects the post-communist transformations and the future of Central and Eastern Europe within the broader European context
The adaptation and validation of the Polish Version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Satisfaction among women after gynecological surgery
Democracy : a fragile notion
The chapter conceptualizes the notion of democracy fragility and constructs the analytical framework guiding the empirical part of the project. It points out that fragility is not a phenomenon that hampers democracy but is rather an inevitable characteristic of it – democracies continually face limitations and threats that put them at risk of damage and destruction. The chapter also distinguishes fragility from vulnerability, resilience and robustness, the last two gaining increasing attention in the scientific literature in the past few years. Seeking to contribute to the understanding of democracy and its challenges by redirecting attention to its fragility, we propose a framework in which it is defined as the interplay between a top-down mezzo-level – political actors with their attitudes and perceptions of the political game, the bottom-up activity of civil society and the structural level of institutions understood as rules of the game constraining actors within the system. As a next step, we aim to identify whether and how democratic regimes cope with fragility when impacted by a variety of unfavourable conditions that affect them in differing sequences and combinations and with varying degrees of intensity